Geological setting of areas endangered by waves generated by fast ferries in Tallinn Bay

Kask, Andres; Kask, J; Schwarzer, Klaus; Talpas, A

doi:10.3176/eng.2003.3.03

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…As typical of the northern coast of Estonia (Orviku & Granö 1992), it has a limited amount of gravel and sand participating in the littoral drift and it develops under sediment deficit. According to the classification of Lutt & Tammik (1992), erosion predominates in the entire nearshore of the Viimsi Peninsula to the north of Pirita Beach and up to a depth of about 10 m. Beach erosion, however, is usually modest because the stone pavement protects the shore (Kask et al 2003b). Finer fractions are only released in high water level conditions when waves directly act on unprotected sand, till, or limestone.…”

Section: The Sedimentary Systems At the Islands Adjacent Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very high waves, however, occasionally penetrate into Tallinn Bay and cause intense erosion of its coasts (Lutt & Tammik 1992;Kask et al 2003b). The significant wave height usually exceeds 2 m each year, but may reach 4 m in NNW and western storms in the central part of the bay and overshoot 2.5 m in the nearshore of Pirita Beach during NNW storms.…”

Section: Local Sediment Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transport and distribution of bottom sediments at Pirita Beach

Soomere¹,

Kask²,

Kask³

et al. 2007

Estonian J. Earth Sci.

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The basic factors affecting sediment supply for and transport processes at Pirita Beach, a sandy section of the southeastern coast of Tallinn Bay, are analysed. Observations of bathymetry, sediment properties and sources, sediment transport processes and their changes arising from coastal engineering activities are reported. The mean grain size is about 0.12 mm, with the fine sand fraction (0.063-0.125 mm) accounting for about 77% of the sediments. Coarse sand dominates only along the waterline. The content of coarser sediments is greater in the northern part of the beach. A number of coastal engineering structures have blocked natural sediment supplies. The beach suffers from sediment deficit now and has lost about 400 m 3 of sand annually from the dry beach between 1997 and 2005.

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Section: The Sedimentary Systems At the Islands Adjacent Tomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Local Sediment Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transport and distribution of bottom sediments at Pirita Beach

Soomere¹,

Kask²,

Kask³

et al. 2007

Estonian J. Earth Sci.

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On the Dynamics of “Almost Equilibrium” Beaches in Semi-sheltered Bays Along the Southern Coast of the Gulf of Finland

Soomere

Healy

2011

The Baltic Sea Basin

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Fast Ferry Traffic as a Qualitatively New Forcing Factor of Environmental Processes in Non-Tidal Sea Areas: A Case Study in Tallinn Bay, Baltic Sea

Soomere

2005

Environ Fluid Mech

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The impact of wake wash from high-speed ferries on the coastal environment in non-tidal seas is analysed in terms of wave energy and power, and properties of the largest waves. Shown is that hydrodynamic loads caused by heavy high-speed traffic may play a decisive role not only in low-energy coasts but also in certain areas with high wind wave activity. For example, ship-generated waves form, at least, about 5-8% from the total wave energy and about 18-35% from the wave power in the coastal areas of Tallinn Bay exposed to dominating winds. The periods of wake waves from high-speed ships frequently are much larger than dominating periods of wind waves. The leading waves typically have a height of about 1 m and a period of 10-15 s. Such waves extremely seldom occur in natural conditions in many regions of semi-enclosed seas. They cause unusually high hydrodynamic loads in the deeper part of the nearshore. The fast ferry traffic thus is a qualitatively new forcing component of vital impact on the local ecosystem. It is demonstrated that wakes from high-speed ferries may trigger considerable changes of the existing balance of coastal processes. Owing to their low decay rates combined with their exceptional compactness after crossing many kilometres of the sea surface, such wakes may cause considerable remote impact of the ship traffic. This feature has to be addressed in the analysis of the impact of harbours and associated ship traffic in the neighbourhood of vulnerable areas.

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Geological setting of areas endangered by waves generated by fast ferries in Tallinn Bay

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Transport and distribution of bottom sediments at Pirita Beach

Transport and distribution of bottom sediments at Pirita Beach

On the Dynamics of “Almost Equilibrium” Beaches in Semi-sheltered Bays Along the Southern Coast of the Gulf of Finland

Fast Ferry Traffic as a Qualitatively New Forcing Factor of Environmental Processes in Non-Tidal Sea Areas: A Case Study in Tallinn Bay, Baltic Sea

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