“…This thought derives from the fact that "In urban areas the initial surface has been shaped due to the rapid growth, in a way that covers the needs of the inhabitants of a region. The land surfaces have been built and sharpened artificially, roads have been constructed, and the hydrographic networks have been changed and shaped, while natural surface have been fragmented and degraded, hence the constructed landscape is "poor" for geological study (Zervopoulou and Pavlides, 2016). In our research we studied the city in the light of geology, the designed geological walk trail is a practical endorsement, where the students will use fieldwork skills to identify a range of rocks and geological materials in the built environment and can also be informed about geological features of the area.…”
The limited exploitation and low understanding of geological notions, in modern education in physical sciences, motivated the planning of research procedures about the understanding of rock formations, of recognizing rocks, of informing about geological and hydrographic potential, for students of secondary school of Attica, using techniques entailed in the scientific/educational methodology by inquiry, suggesting educational walking paths through the historical center of Athens. Selected places of the walk trail served our educational aims. Via the educational intervention, students improved their understanding of geological notions, their creativity, their cooperation and their critical thinking. The educational walk trail motivated the students’ interest in the science of geology.
“…This thought derives from the fact that "In urban areas the initial surface has been shaped due to the rapid growth, in a way that covers the needs of the inhabitants of a region. The land surfaces have been built and sharpened artificially, roads have been constructed, and the hydrographic networks have been changed and shaped, while natural surface have been fragmented and degraded, hence the constructed landscape is "poor" for geological study (Zervopoulou and Pavlides, 2016). In our research we studied the city in the light of geology, the designed geological walk trail is a practical endorsement, where the students will use fieldwork skills to identify a range of rocks and geological materials in the built environment and can also be informed about geological features of the area.…”
The limited exploitation and low understanding of geological notions, in modern education in physical sciences, motivated the planning of research procedures about the understanding of rock formations, of recognizing rocks, of informing about geological and hydrographic potential, for students of secondary school of Attica, using techniques entailed in the scientific/educational methodology by inquiry, suggesting educational walking paths through the historical center of Athens. Selected places of the walk trail served our educational aims. Via the educational intervention, students improved their understanding of geological notions, their creativity, their cooperation and their critical thinking. The educational walk trail motivated the students’ interest in the science of geology.
“…Moreover, some deep crustal rocks appear as ophiolithic uplifts of peridotites and dunites. The southern slopes of the Anthemous valley were uplifted (half graben) during the Pleistocene (Syrides, 1990; Zervopoulou et al, 2007). The discussed slopes are made up of Neogene sandstones, marls, and conglomerates (Syrides, 1990).…”
Section: The Study Areamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Figure 2.(color online) General view of the geology of the Anthemous valley with major tectonic fault lines indicated. Figure prepared using various data (Kockel and Mollat, 1978; Mollat, 1978; Syrides, 1990; Tranos et al, 2003; Zervopoulou et al, 2007). Spatial reference WGS1984 (dd mm ss.ss).…”
Section: The Study Areamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…One of them, the Pilea-Panorama Fault, is located along the foreground of the northern slope of the Anthemous valley (Tranos et al, 2003; Raspini et al, 2013). Because of the presence of the Anthemous Fault in the valley, and the pulling apart of the two major geotectonic zones it marks (Axios Zone and CTRB), the bottom of the valley is continuously subjected to ongoing subsidence and tilting toward the south (Mountrakis et al, 2006; Zervopoulou et al, 2007; Raspini et al, 2013). Another effect of this activity is clearly visible along the southern slopes, where several tectonic terraces are clearly visible in the land morphology (Zervopoulou et al, 2007).…”
Section: The Study Areamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Anthemous River has numerous tributaries, most of which flow along the northern slopes of the valley. The southern tributary streams have, in most cases, been disrupted by tectonic shifts and colluvial fans (Zervopoulou et al, 2007).…”
A paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the landscape of Nea Raedestos Toumba in the Anthemous River valley in central Macedonia, Greece is undertaken using multidisciplinary geoarchaeological methods. The archaeological site is a settlement mound (tell or toumba) that dates to the Neolithic period and the Bronze Age. The tell’s location on the alluvial plain prompted a multidisciplinary investigation to reconstruct the influence of landscape changes on prehistoric settlements in the valley with an emphasis on alluvial sequences. An electrical resistivity tomography survey and three cores were drilled to study the sedimentary environments in and around the archaeological site. Sedimentologic and palynological analysis combined with accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon dating show that the oldest habitation layers at the site, from the Middle and Late Neolithic, were located next to a small, periodically drying water body surrounded by ruderal vegetation. Diatom analysis suggests that this water body was supplied by saline/brackish groundwater. The water body was open until the Early Bronze Age, when it was filled and buried by floodplain sediments. This flooding phase at Nea Raedestos likely occurred at the same time as an increase in fluvial aggradation in the neighboring Thessaloniki Plain, which is dated to the beginning of the third millennium BC.
The Holocene marine transgression in the Aegean Sea area has significantly impacted prehistoric societies. Toumba Gona is a tell site located at the mouth of the Anthemous River, east of Thessaloniki Bay. According to earlier research, the site should be dated at most to the late stage of the Early Bronze Age. Geoarchaeological research by means of electrical resistivity tomography, vibra‐coring, sedimentological analysis, and radiocarbon dating shows, however, that the direct proximity of the site witnessed the maximum marine transgression around 3000–2500 BC and the human habitation phase before the 3rd millennium BC, before the transgression. The coastline began to recede due to the delta progradation, which resulted in the formation of extensive marshes to the south of the Toumba. The increased fluvial activity since the end of the 4th millennium BC is relatable with the progradation of the Anthemous River's bay head delta. Human occupation was recorded before and after the marine transgression thus suggesting human persistence in the coastline environment.
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