Geological evolution of the southeastern Red Sea Rift margin, Republic of Yemen

Davison, Ian; Al-Kadasi, Mohamed; Al-Khirbash, Salah; Al-Subbary, Abdulkarim; Baker, Joel A.; Blakey, Suzanne; Bosence, Dan; Dart, Chris; Heaton, R. C.; McClay, Ken; Menzies, Martin; Nichols, Gary; Owen, Lewis A.; Yelland, Andrew

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1994)106<1474:geotsr>2.3.co;2

Cited by 140 publications

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“…This Formation contains an intercalation of fossiliferous limestone and marl units, which inturn is overlain by Agulae Shale and Amba Aradom Sandstone of regressive facies (Bosellini et al, 1997;. After completion of the deposition of the sedimentary successions, the region was affected by tectonic uplift and subsequent erosion, which resulted in the formation of a peneplain (Davidson et al, 1994;Drury et al, 1994). This was followed by a rifting that formed the Afar depression and deposition of Quaternary fluvio-lacustrine deposits in the graben (Holwerda and Hutchinson 1968).…”

Section: Regional Geology and Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These basement rocks are overlain by Permian to Palaeogene sedimentary rocks, which were deposited in continental and shallow marine environment. Marine successions were produced during Jurassic transgression of sea by the Indian ocean after the intra-continental rifting caused by breakup of the Gondwana Supercontinent (Davidson et al, 1994;Drury et al, 1994). The sedimentary strata mainly consist of the Enticho Sandstone and Edaga Arbi Tillites at the base followed by 300 to 650 m thick and steep cliff forming Adigrat Sandstone .…”

Section: Regional Geology and Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The basement rocks are of mainly metavolcanic and metasedimentary varieties. They are considered as the southern domains of the ArabianNubian Shield (ANS; Davidson et al, 1994;Drury et al, 1994). These basement rocks are overlain by Permian to Palaeogene sedimentary rocks, which were deposited in continental and shallow marine environment.…”

Section: Regional Geology and Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary study on geology, mineral potential and characteristics of hot springs from Dallol area, Afar rift, northeastern Ethiopia: Implications for natural resource exploration

Gebresilassie¹,

Tsegab²,

Kabeto³

2011

mejs

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Dallol area is located in Afar region of northeastern Ethiopia. From west to east, the geology of the area is characterized by: i) Neoproterozoic metavolcanics and metasediments, ii) Quaternary alluvial fan deposits and red beds, iii) a transitional zone of mud and salt mixture, and iv) evaporites, which consist of rock salt (commonly halite and potash) and sulfur/sulfides. The metavolcanic-sedimentary rocks of the area are sheared and locally affected by pervasive chloritization, silicification, and carbonatization as well as quartz-carbonate veining suggesting that it has a good potential for orogenic gold mineralization. The around 5 m thick alluvial sediments of Gehartu and Musely Fans are also favorable for the occurrence of placer gold deposits. This study reveals that industrial minerals such as kaolin and mica are also encountered in the Dallol area in addition to the already known sulfur and salt deposits. In surrounding areas of mount Dallol, hot springs of varying temperature and extent are being erupted forming semicircular to circular ponds. In this study, two types of hot springs, light-yellowish and yellowish brines are recognized which are contaminated with mud. Field observations show that both brines have indications for the presence of oil as sensed by greasy feelings. To know the general compositions of the hot springs and test the presence of liquid hydrocarbons, 8 water samples were collected and analyzed for major element contents, sulfide, sulfate and Total Organic Carbon (TOC) concentrations. The preliminary results show that TOC values are moderately low (94 to 902 ppm). Sulfate (19 to 60 ppm) and sulfide (27 to 111 ppm) concentrations are low except for one sample with higher concentrations for both complexes. Their low sulfide and sulfate content suggest that these compounds are converted into sulfur/sulfide by bacterial reduction of magmatic and/or sea water SO 2 or sulfate. Therefore, the Dallol hot springs are interpreted to be derived from heated groundwater mixed with sulfides/sulfates of magmatic and/or sea water origin. Although low, the up to 902 ppm TOC concentrations in the hydrothermal fluids could suggest the presence of hydrocarbon containing rocks at depth and/or fluid mixing with laterally and/or vertically migrating hydrocarbon fluids. Generally, the Dallol area contains huge metallic and non metallic resources, which warrant detailed exploration and further scientific study.

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Section: Regional Geology and Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Geology and Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regional Geology and Tectonic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preliminary study on geology, mineral potential and characteristics of hot springs from Dallol area, Afar rift, northeastern Ethiopia: Implications for natural resource exploration

Gebresilassie¹,

Tsegab²,

Kabeto³

2011

mejs

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“…Erosion and breakup on the Yemeni margin of the Red Sea was associated with the emplacement of intrusive and plutonic rocks, which date from 35 to 16 Ma (i.e., syn-rift volcanism, Davison et al 1994;Davison et al 1998). On the Yemen side of the Red Sea, the emplacement of syn-rift volcanism generally spans the interval 40 to 16 Ma, which locally corresponds to a sequence of lava flows or trap basalts onshore, particularly near the Gulf of Tadjura.…”

Section: " "mentioning

confidence: 99%

Architecture of rifted continental margins and break-up evolution: insights from the South Atlantic, North Atlantic and Red Sea–Gulf of Aden conjugate margins

Mohriak

Leroy

2012

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To cite this version:Webster Ueipass Mohriak, Sylvie Leroy. Architecture of rifted continental margins and break-up evolution: insights from the South Atlantic, North Atlantic and Red Sea-Gulf of Aden conjugate margins. Special Publication -Geological Society of London, 2012, 369, pp.1-40. <10.1144/SP369.17>. !" " " ARCHITECTURE OF RIFTED CONTINENTAL MARGINS AND BREAKUP EVOLUTION: INSIGHTS FROM THE SOUTH ATLANTIC, NORTH ATLANTIC AND RED SEA -GULF OF ADEN CONJUGATE MARGINS

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“…Voluminous tholeiitic basalts escape from the mantle and load the crust. This¯ood is typical during breakup and initial sea-¯oor spreading but can also start before rifting began (as in the Afar plume; Davison et al, 1994). …”

Section: Large Igneous Provinces and Mantle Plumesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of subaerial volcanic rocks and mantle plumes in creation of South Atlantic margins: implications for salt tectonics and source rocks

Jackson¹,

Cramez

Fonck

2000

Marine and Petroleum Geology

174

147

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Seaward-dipping re¯ectors (SDRs) represent¯ood basalts rapidly extruded during either rifting or initially subaerial sea-¯oor spreading. Evaporites can form on this basaltic proto-oceanic crust, as in the Afar Triangle today. Evidence for SDRs in South Atlantic deep-water regions comes from proximity to the uniquely large ParanaÂ ±Etendeka volcanic province onshore, the Tristan and Gough hot spots, drilled volcanic rocks, and seismic pro®les showing SDR provinces more than 100 km wide, as much as 7 km thick, and thousands of kilometers long. SDRs are clearest adjoining the Aptian salt basins. However, we speculate that SDRs are also present but seismically obscured below the salt basins. We argue that the conjugate Aptian salt basins are post-breakup, not pre-breakup; they were separated from the start by a mid-oceanic ridge; distal salt accumulated on proto-oceanic crust, not rift basins. This hypothesis is supported by: seismic stratigraphy and structure; magnetic anomalies; plate reconstructions; and hydrothermal potash evaporites. An important implication for exploration is that thick basalts, rather than rift-age source rocks, may underlie distal parts of the salt basins. 7

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Geological evolution of the southeastern Red Sea Rift margin, Republic of Yemen

Cited by 140 publications

References 0 publications

Preliminary study on geology, mineral potential and characteristics of hot springs from Dallol area, Afar rift, northeastern Ethiopia: Implications for natural resource exploration

Preliminary study on geology, mineral potential and characteristics of hot springs from Dallol area, Afar rift, northeastern Ethiopia: Implications for natural resource exploration

Architecture of rifted continental margins and break-up evolution: insights from the South Atlantic, North Atlantic and Red Sea–Gulf of Aden conjugate margins

Role of subaerial volcanic rocks and mantle plumes in creation of South Atlantic margins: implications for salt tectonics and source rocks

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