Geological constraints on cave development in the plateau-gorge karst of South China (Wulong, Chongqing)

Szczygieł, Jacek; Golicz, Mateusz; Hercman, Helena; Lynch, Erin

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.12.033

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The structures in Chongqing are dominated by alternative occurrence of steep anticlines and broad synclines forming at Cretaceous, representing the distinguished pattern of the parallel mountain and valley (Figure 1c,d). The main strata exposed in Chongqing are Permian and Triassic carbonate (limestones and dolostones) and Triassic and Jurassic clastic rocks (sandstones and shales) [35,36]. Carbonate strata are generally developed in the core of anticlines and display developed karst caves and fractures, while clastic rocks are observed in the wings of anticlines where gypsum and coal are locally distributed (Figure 1c,d).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate Analysis and Geochemical Signatures of Shallow Groundwater in the Main Urban Area of Chongqing, Southwestern China

Chen

Tang

Jian

et al. 2020

Water

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Hydrogeochemical processes and quality assessment for shallow groundwater are pivotal issues to be solved in many regions over the world due to the easy access of shallow groundwater. In this study, eighty-six water samples were collected from shallow aquifers of Chongqing, China, during July–September 2019. Multivariate statistical techniques, major ion ratios, and geochemical modeling were integrated to investigate hydrogeochemical characteristics and controlling factors. Afterwards, groundwater quality in spatial was classified by entropy-weighted water quality index and geographic information system (GIS) spatial analysis. Groundwater samples were alkaline and possessed high total dissolved solids (TDS) values. Two-group samples were distinguished as mix cations-HCO3-SO4 (group 1) and Ca-Mg-SO4 (group 2) facies. Hydrogeochemical compositions of group 1 samples were dominated by silicate dissolution and ion exchange, while sulfate and calcite dissolution were the main factors influencing the hydrogeochemical characteristics of group 2. The overall quality of groundwater samples varied greatly from excellent quality to extremely poor quality. Group 1 samples were found with excellent and good quality and suitable for drinking purposes. Group 2 samples were all unsuitable for direct drinking purposes as the quality varied from medium to extremely poor, but were spatially limited. Groundwaters with relatively poor quality were due to dissolution of sulfate that were locally enriched in the aquifers. The new findings of this study are expected to provide the reference for future management and sustainable exploitation of groundwater in Chongqing.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Multivariate Analysis and Geochemical Signatures of Shallow Groundwater in the Main Urban Area of Chongqing, Southwestern China

Chen

Tang

Jian

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Given the limited number of outcrops containing suitable structural indicators, quarries and underground voids typically yield essential insights into structural evolution. Among them, karst caves represent a particular type of natural underground cavity that, under favorable conditions, offers unique exposures of tectonic features (e.g., Szczygieł et al 2015Szczygieł et al , 2018. Specifically, the structures that govern cave morphology provide data that is usually impossible to obtain via classical geologic mapping.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, the structures that govern cave morphology provide data that is usually impossible to obtain via classical geologic mapping. Worldwide karst systems, large and small, have revealed important tectonic insights, as exemplified in the cases of young (alpine) orogens such as the Tatra Mts (Szczygieł 2015a), old Variscan massifs such as the Ardennes (Triantafyllou et al 2019), or those covered with dense vegetation preventing surface studies, such as the South China fold belt (Szczygieł et al 2018). Moreover, since the preservation of surface outcrops within mid-sized European mountains is far from perfect, caves appear to contain outcrops with a high level of potential for structural analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleostress reconstruction of faults recorded in the Niedźwiedzia Cave (Sudetes): insights into Alpine intraplate tectonic of NE Bohemian Massif

Sobczyk

Szczygieł

2021

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Brittle structures identified within the largest karstic cave of the Sudetes (the Niedźwiedzia Cave) were studied to reconstruct the paleostress driving post-Variscan tectonic activity in the NE Bohemian Massif. Individual fault population datasets, including local strike and dip of fault planes, striations, and Riedel shear, enabled us to discuss the orientation of the principal stresses tensor. The (meso) fault-slip data analysis performed both with Dihedra and an inverse method revealed two possible main opposing compressional regimes: (1) NE–SW compression with the formation of strike-slip (transpressional) faults and (2) WNW–ESE horizontal compression related to fault-block tectonics. The (older) NE-SW compression was most probably associated with the Late Cretaceous–Paleogene pan-regional basin inversion throughout Central Europe, as a reaction to ongoing African-Iberian-European convergence. Second WNW–ESE compression was active as of the Middle Miocene, at the latest, and might represent the Neogene–Quaternary tectonic regime of the NE Bohemian Massif. Exposed fault plane surfaces in a dissolution-collapse marble cave system provided insights into the Meso-Cenozoic tectonic history of the Earth’s uppermost crust in Central Europe, and were also identified as important guiding structures controlling the origin of the Niedźwiedzia Cave and the evolution of subsequent karstic conduits during the Late Cenozoic.

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“…Over the last few decades, many studies mainly focused on cave systems have provided insights on the landscape evolution of karst areas (e.g., De Waele et al, 2009;Plan et al, 2009;Audra et al, 2011;Wagner et al, 2011;Lauritzen and Skoglund, 2013;Calvet et al, 2015;Nehme et al, 2016;Szczygieł et al, 2018). Lauritzen and Lundberg (2000) highlighted the significance of studying the meso-and micromorphological features of caves in defining the major and minor speleogenetic processes that control speleogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From subsurface to surface: a multidisciplinary approach to decoding uplift histories in tectonically‐active karst landscapes

Pennos

Lauritzen

Vouvalidis

et al. 2019

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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We present an integrated study of subsurface and surficial karst landforms to unravel the uplift history of karst landscape in a tectonically‐active area. To this end, we apply a multidisciplinary approach by combining cave geomorphology and Th/U dating of speleothems with remote sensing plus geophysical imaging of surface landforms. We use as an example Mt. Menikio in northern Greece where four caves share well‐defined epiphreatic/shallow phreatic characteristics that are related to the distribution of surface and buried doline fields and provide evidence for three distinct water table stillstands (e.g. expressed as cave levels) now lying at ~130 m, ~800 m and ~1600 m a.m.s.l. Our dating constraints delimit the age of the lower water table stillstand prior to 77 ka ago and imply a maximum rate of relative base level drop of 0.45 mma‐1, which is consistent with relative tectonic uplift rate estimates along currently active normal faults. We interpret the elevation of the higher water table stillstands to reflect earlier phases of uplift related to the regional tectonic events associated with the development of the North Anatolian Fault and the Northern Aegean area. Our analysis shows that the combined study of epiphreatic/shallow phreatic caves and surficial karst landforms together, is a robust way to investigate the uplift history of a karst landscape in a tectonically‐active setting. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Geological constraints on cave development in the plateau-gorge karst of South China (Wulong, Chongqing)

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Multivariate Analysis and Geochemical Signatures of Shallow Groundwater in the Main Urban Area of Chongqing, Southwestern China

Multivariate Analysis and Geochemical Signatures of Shallow Groundwater in the Main Urban Area of Chongqing, Southwestern China

Paleostress reconstruction of faults recorded in the Niedźwiedzia Cave (Sudetes): insights into Alpine intraplate tectonic of NE Bohemian Massif

From subsurface to surface: a multidisciplinary approach to decoding uplift histories in tectonically‐active karst landscapes

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