Geological characteristics and tectonic setting of proterozoic iron oxide (CuUAuREE) deposits

Hitzman, Murray W.; Орескес, Наоми; Einaudi, Marco T.

doi:10.1016/0301-9268(92)90121-4

Cited by 576 publications

(276 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…1). Although each one of these deposit types have distinctive characteristics, the common presence of iron oxides (magnetite and/or specular hematite) has led several authors to group them together in what has been termed the IOCG clan (Hitzman et al, 1992;Sillitoe, 2003;Williams et al, 2005;Groves et al, 2010). The Andean IOCG deposits are characterized by abundant presence of magnetite, with chalcopyrite and minor bornite with important amounts of gold and silver.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the origin of the Andean IOCG clan: A Re-Os isotope approach

Barra

Reich

Selby

et al. 2017

Ore Geology Reviews

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'Unraveling the origin of the Andean IOCG clan : a Re-Os isotope approach.', Ore geology reviews., 81 (Part 1). pp. 62-78. Further information on publisher's website: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T Chilean IOCGs is the result of different events with metals derived from diverse sources i.e., the magmatic-hydrothermal system and basement/host rocks. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTRhenium and Os concentrations for the various studied deposits vary over a wide range of values at the ppb and ppt level, respectively, with many sulfides and magnetite bearing appreciable no common Os. The Re and Os contents in sulfides (pyrite, IOCGs in China and Australia argue for the involvement of a much more radiogenic crustal source possibly related to non-magmatic oxidized saline brines that leached basement rocks. A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPTWe conclude that Andean IOCG (and IOA) deposits in northern Chile were formed mainly by magmatic-hydrothermal processes related to the formation and emplacement of plutonic rocks with moderate contribution from leaching of basement and/or volcanic host rocks. Surface or basin-derived brines as well as sediments appear to play only a minor role in the formation of the Chilean IOCG clan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the origin of the Andean IOCG clan: A Re-Os isotope approach

Barra

Reich

Selby

et al. 2017

Ore Geology Reviews

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“…Altholff et al (1994) concluíram que o estilo de mineralização não se enquadra em nenhum modelo clássico de deposição de sulfetos, propondo assim um modelo, em que a mineralização teria sido resultante da circulação da água do mar em resposta à dissipação de energia termal das rochas vulcânicas, sendo o cobre e o ferro lixiviados e reprecipitados na forma de sulfetos contendo Au, cujos locais mais favoráveis foram os veios hidrotermais. Recentemente, Huhn (1996) e Huhn & Nascimento (1997) sugerem que o depósito de Igarapé Bahia se insere na classe de óxidos de ferro (Cu-U-Au-ETR) proposta por Hitzman et al (1992). Essa hipótese foi corroborada por Tallarico et al (1998) e Tazava (1999, que, além disso, mostraram que o depósito de Igarapé Bahia possui algumas similaridades com o depósito Olympic Dam, sul da Austrália, tais como: o caráter hidrotermal da brechas mineralizadas; a presença de halos de alteração hidrotermal dos tipos cloritização, carbonatação, potassificação, sulfetação e Fe-metassomatismo; e o enriquecimento em cobre, ouro, prata, urânio, elementos terras raras, flúor, boro, fósforo, molibdênio.…”

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OCORRÊNCIA DE FERROPIROSMALITA NAS BRECHAS MINERALIZADAS DO DEPÓSITO DE Au-Cu-(±ETR-U) DE IGARAPÉ BAHIA, PROVÍNCIA MINERAL DE CARAJÁS

Tazava

Oliveira

Gomes

1999

RBG

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OCCURRENCE OF FERROPYROSMALITE IN THE MINERALIZATED BRECCIAS FROM IGARAPÉ BAHIA Au-Cu-(±REE-U) DEPOSIT, CARAJÁS MINERAL PROVINCEIn the last years, several works report the presence of pyrosmalite mineral series [(Fe,Mn) 8 Si 6 O 15 (OH,C1) 10 ] commonly associated with volcanic exhalative massive sulphide or Fe-Mn metamorphosed deposits. In this paper, we present the inedit occurrence of ferropyrosmalite in the Au-Cu (+REE-U) of Igarapé Bahia deposit, located in the Au-Cu district of the Carajás Mineral Province. We consider the Igarapé Bahia mineralization as being related to the génesis of iron-oxide class deposit, like the Olympic Dam type. Ferropyrosmalite occurs in two different contexts: i) associated with carbonate veins; ii) associated with heterolithic breccias, composed by BIF and mafic metavolcanic fragments imersed in a magnetite, chálcopyrite, bornite, pyrite, carbonates (calcite to siderite), uranium and REE minerais, and gold, -rich matrix. The growth of ferropyrosmalite is probably due to the substitution of iron rich minerais (chlorite, magnetite and siderite), controled by magmatic fluid influx rich in chlorine. The permeability of breccias and the discontinuity of veins favour fluid percolation. The mode of occurrence of ferropyrosmalite and its relation with amphibole (ferro-hornblende-actinolite) indicate metasomatic growth of the former under temperatures in the transition of greenschist/amphibolite fácies. The ferropyrosmalite of the Igarapé Bahia deposit represents an uncommom type of occurrence linked to hydrothermal/magmatic conditions. Keywords: Carajás Mineral Province, Igarapé Bahia deposit, Au-Cu-REE-U mineralization, ferropyrosmalite. RESUMO Nos últimos anos, diversos trabalhos têm reportado a presença de minerais da série da pirosmalita [(Fe,Mn) 8 Si 6 O 15 (OH,CI) 10 ] em depósitos de sulfetos maciços vulcano-exalativos e depósitos de Fe-Mn metamorfizados. Neste trabalho, apresentamos uma descrição inédita da ferropirosmalita no depósito de Au-Cu-(±ETR-U) de Igarapé Bahia, localizado no distrito auro-cuprífero da Província Mineral de Carajás. Admite-se que esse depósito foi gerado por processos similares àqueles envolvidos na génese dos depósitos da classe óxidos de ferro-(Au-Cu-U-ETR) do tipo Olympic Dam. A ferropirosmalita descrita ocorre sob dois contextos: í) associada a veios e vênulas carbonáticas; e ii) associada a brechas heterolíticas compostas por fragmentos de formação ferrífera bandada, metavulcânicas básicas e matriz rica em magnetita, calcopirita, bornita, pirita, siderita, minerais ricos em urânio e elementos terras raras, anfibólio, stilpnomelana, clorita e quartzo. O crescimento da ferropirosmalita teria envolvido a substituição de minerais ricos em ferro (clorita, magnetita e siderita), controlado pela introdução de fluidos magmáticos ricos em cloro. A percolação dos fluidos foi induzida pela permeabilidade elevada das brechas e também pela descontinuidade ao longo das paredes de vênulas carbonáticas. O modo de ocorrência da ferropirosmalita e o seu ...

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“…However, a study of IOCG in the Central Andes [37] favours a magmatic origin for fluids as well as the source of gold, although other types of fluids (metamorphic, sea or connate water) can intervene locally. In all cases, the fluids are oxidizing, have high temperature (up to 600˚C, [34]) and high salinity. The mineral deposition seems to depend on structural control.…”

Section: Epithermal Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the broad sense, deposits related to a magmatic intrusion ("intrusion-related deposits" or "intrusion-related systems") may include the four types of deposits described above ( [34] [38]). In a more restricted definition, this term designates the deposits that form outside the areas of formation of porphyry, preferentially in continental domain [32].…”

Section: Intrusion-related Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Gold Deposits, Geodynamics and Conditions of Formation: A Perspective View

Nguimatsia¹,

Bolarinwa²,

Yongue³

et al. 2017

OJG

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Gold occurs in a wide range of deposit types and settings. In the last decade, significant progress has been made in the definition, classification, characterization, thereby aiding understanding of the main gold deposit types. The present work aims to provide an update on the current state of knowledge on the different types of gold deposits models, geodynamics, their mode of formation and the condition suitable for their formation Several subsets of gold deposits are distinguished from one another on the bases of and their main geological models and their mode of formation described. Gold deposits of magmatic-hydrothermal origin are classified into Porphyry, Epithermal, Skarn, Iron Oxide-Copper-Gold and Intrusion related deposits; those of hydrothermal origin are Orogenic, Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide deposits, and Carlin-type; while those of Sedimentary Origin are placers. In terms of the major Period of gold deposit formation, the Mesoarchean was the largest gold period. Other gold peaks followed, particularly in the Neoarchean, Paleoproterozoic and Paleozoic while numerous and diverse gold deposit types were formed during the Cenozoic era.Wide varieties of geodynamic contexts in which each of the gold deposits are formed being explained while the conditions favourable for its formation are also being summarized. With the recent rise in the price of gold, mining companies and research centers continue to provide lighting of the key geology features of then ore-forming environments and the key geologic manifestations of the different deposit types.

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Geological characteristics and tectonic setting of proterozoic iron oxide (CuUAuREE) deposits

Cited by 576 publications

References 69 publications

Unraveling the origin of the Andean IOCG clan: A Re-Os isotope approach

Unraveling the origin of the Andean IOCG clan: A Re-Os isotope approach

OCORRÊNCIA DE FERROPIROSMALITA NAS BRECHAS MINERALIZADAS DO DEPÓSITO DE Au-Cu-(±ETR-U) DE IGARAPÉ BAHIA, PROVÍNCIA MINERAL DE CARAJÁS

Diversity of Gold Deposits, Geodynamics and Conditions of Formation: A Perspective View

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