Geologic Map of the North Cascade Range, Washington

Haugerud, Ralph A.; Tabor, R.W.

doi:10.3133/sim2940

Cited by 23 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…Basement bedrock AHe ages are from Reiners et al [2002Reiners et al [ , 2003 and Isaacson [2005]. The major fault systems are from Haugerud and Tabor [2009]. DDMFZ: Darrington-Devils Mountain Fault; EF: Entiat Fault; F-SCF: Fraser-Straight-Creek Fault; LF: Leavenworth Fault; PF: Pasayten Fault; RLFZ: Ross Lake Fault Zone.…”

Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal and exhumation history of the Eocene Chumstick Basin, Washington State, USA

et al. 2015

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This study investigates the Cenozoic evolution of the Cascades Mountains, USA, by means of reconstructing the thermal history of the Chumstick Basin deposits that are located on the eastern flank of the orogen. We present new detrital apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He and detrital apatite fission-track ages from the middle Eocene (~48-37 Ma) Chumstick Formation and modern river detritus. These data are integrated with the published thermochronometric ages of the adjoining Cascade Mountains basement. The new thermochronometer results are combined with existing vitrinite reflectance data for modeling of the basin's thermal history. Results suggest constant temperatures throughout the late Oligocene to early Miocene followed by rapid cooling since 17-10 Ma. Results indicate that the middle to late Miocene uplift of the Cascades resulted in reactivation of the fault zones bounding the Chumstick Basin. The structural reactivation and the weaker lithology of the basin strata in comparison to the harder and more resistant basement rocks of the Cascades resulted in significant basin exhumation. This interpretation is determined from younger apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He cooling ages observed in the reset detrital bedrock of the Chumstick Formation than in the adjoining basement rocks. These observations suggest a structural and lithological control on exhumation magnitudes in this region.

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Section: Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geologic map of the Chumstick Basin and surrounding area, Washington State. Geology is after Haugerud and Tabor [], stratigraphic subdivision of the Chumstick Basin is after Evans []. Course of the Eagle Creek Anticline and Eagle Creek Fault Zone (ECFZ) after Cheney and Hayman [].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal and exhumation history of the Eocene Chumstick Basin, Washington State, USA

et al. 2015

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“…U-Pb dating on zircon yields crystallization ages ranging from 100 to 120 Ma (Mattinson 1972;Tabor et al 1987;Hopson and Mattinson 1994) which is sensibly older than other plutonic rocks within the North Cascades Core (typically emplaced between 96 and 40 Ma (e.g., Miller et al 2009)) and is closer in time to the Okanogan batholith (111-114 Ma (Hurlow and Nelson 1993)) that is exposed in the North of the Chelan block. However, the nature of the contact between the Chelan Complex and Okanogan batholith is obscured and not well constrained (Hopson and Mattinson 1994;Haugerud and Tabor 2009). Due to the proximity of the Ross Lake fault Zone, it may be of tectonic origin (Hopson and Mattinson 1994;Haugerud and Tabor, 2009).…”

Section: Tectonic History Of Chelan Complex In the Framework Of Northmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the nature of the contact between the Chelan Complex and Okanogan batholith is obscured and not well constrained (Hopson and Mattinson 1994;Haugerud and Tabor 2009). Due to the proximity of the Ross Lake fault Zone, it may be of tectonic origin (Hopson and Mattinson 1994;Haugerud and Tabor, 2009). Nevertheless, the lateral displacement of the Ross Lake fault is limited (\10 km) (Umhoefer and Miller 1996), and the similarity in age between the two units indicates that the Chelan Complex could be the Spence Bridge arc, which was active during the early Cretaceous (Thorkelson and Smith 1989;Hurlow and Nelson 1993).…”

Section: Tectonic History Of Chelan Complex In the Framework Of Northmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case for hornblende dominated fractionation of arc magmas: the Chelan Complex (Washington Cascades)

Dessimoz

Müntener

Ulmer

2011

Contrib Mineral Petrol

146

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Amphibole fractionation in the deep roots of subduction-related magmatic arcs is a fundamental process for the generation of the continental crust. Field relations and geochemical data of exposed lower crustal igneous rocks can be used to better constrain these processes. The Chelan Complex in the western U.S. forms the lowest level of a 40-km thick exposed crustal section of the North Cascades and is composed of olivine websterite, pyroxenite, hornblendite, and dominantly by hornblende gabbro and tonalite. Magmatic breccias, comb layers and intrusive contacts suggest that the Chelan Complex was build by igneous processes. Phase equilibria, textural observations and mineral chemistry yield emplacement pressures of *1.0 GPa followed by isobaric cooling to 700°C. The widespread occurrence of idiomorphic hornblende and interstitial plagioclase together with the lack of Eu anomalies in bulk rock compositions indicate that the differentiation is largely dominated by amphibole. Major and trace element modeling constrained by field observations and bulk chemistry demonstrate that peraluminous tonalite could be derived by removing successively 3% of olivine websterite, 12% of pyroxene hornblendite, 33% of pyroxene hornblendite, 19% of gabbros, 15% of diorite and 2% tonalite. Peraluminous tonalite with high Sr/Y that are worldwide associated with active margin settings can be derived from a parental basaltic melt by crystal fractionation at high pressure provided that amphibole dominates the fractionation process. Crustal assimilation during fractionation is thus not required to generate peraluminous tonalite.

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“…Based on this classification, forest, shrubland, and herbaceous vegetation represent 58, 17, and 12 % of the park, respectively. Elevation ranges for these vegetation classes are from 106 to 2363 m (forest), 110 to 56 R. Strauch et al: A hydroclimatological approach to predicting regional landslide probability The park geology is composed of a complex mosaic that includes mostly faulted and folded sedimentary and volcanic rocks on the west side, unmetamorphosed sedimentary and volcanic rock on the eastern edge, and highly squeezed and recrystallized metamorphic rock originating from great depth in the middle (Haugerud and Tabor, 2009). Alpine and continental glaciation, along with rivers and mass wasting processes linking peaks with rivers, created the landscape.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

A hydroclimatological approach to predicting regional landslide probability using Landlab

et al. 2018

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Abstract. We develop a hydroclimatological approach to the modeling of regional shallow landslide initiation that integrates spatial and temporal dimensions of parameter uncertainty to estimate an annual probability of landslide initiation based on Monte Carlo simulations. The physically based model couples the infinite-slope stability model with a steady-state subsurface flow representation and operates in a digital elevation model. Spatially distributed gridded data for soil properties and vegetation classification are used for parameter estimation of probability distributions that characterize model input uncertainty. Hydrologic forcing to the model is through annual maximum daily recharge to subsurface flow obtained from a macroscale hydrologic model. We demonstrate the model in a steep mountainous region in northern Washington, USA, over 2700 km 2 . The influence of soil depth on the probability of landslide initiation is investigated through comparisons among model output produced using three different soil depth scenarios reflecting the uncertainty of soil depth and its potential long-term variability. We found elevation-dependent patterns in probability of landslide initiation that showed the stabilizing effects of forests at low elevations, an increased landslide probability with forest decline at midelevations (1400 to 2400 m), and soil limitation and steep topographic controls at high alpine elevations and in post-glacial landscapes. These dominant controls manifest themselves in a bimodal distribution of spatial annual landslide probability. Model testing with limited observations revealed similarly moderate model confidence for the three hazard maps, suggesting suitable use as relative hazard products. The model is available as a component in Landlab, an open-source, Python-based landscape earth systems modeling environment, and is designed to be easily reproduced utilizing HydroShare cyberinfrastructure.

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Geologic Map of the North Cascade Range, Washington

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Thermal and exhumation history of the Eocene Chumstick Basin, Washington State, USA

Thermal and exhumation history of the Eocene Chumstick Basin, Washington State, USA

A case for hornblende dominated fractionation of arc magmas: the Chelan Complex (Washington Cascades)

A hydroclimatological approach to predicting regional landslide probability using Landlab

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