Geologic map of the Fraser 7.5-minute quadrangle, Grand County, Colorado

Shroba, Ralph R.; Bryant, Bruce; Kellogg, Karl S.; Theobald, P.K.; Brandt, Theodore R.

doi:10.3133/sim3130

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Annual inorganic N deposition averaged 2.6 kg N ha −1 over the last decade (Argerich et al, 2013). The Fraser area was extensively glaciated and FEF is underlain by metamorphosed rock, most commonly biotite schist and hornblende or calc‐silicate gneiss (Shroba, Bryant, Kellogg, Theobald, & Brandt, 2010). Soils are skeletal, sandy loam Dystric and Typic Cryochrepts (Alstatt & Miles, 1983) with 20%–30% gravel and 30%–50% cobble‐sized materials.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amount and reactivity of dissolved organic matter export are affected by land cover change from old‐growth to second‐growth forests in headwater ecosystems

Fegel

Boot

Covino

et al. 2021

Hydrological Processes

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Headwater forest ecosystems of the western USA generate a large portion of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) transported in streams across North America. Land cover changes that alter forest structure and species composition affect the quantity and composition of DOM transferred to aquatic ecosystems. Clear-cut harvesting affects $1% of the forest area of North America annually, leaving most western forests in varying stages of regrowth and the total area of old-growth forest is decreasing. The consequences of this widespread management practice on watershed carbon cycling remain unknown. We investigated the role of land cover change, because of clear-cut harvesting, from mixed-species old-growth to lodgepole pinedominated second-growth forest on the character and reactivity of hillslope DOM exports. We evaluated inputs of DOM from litter leachates and export of DOM collected at the base of trenched hillslopes during a 3-year period (2016-2018) at the Fraser Experimental Forest in north-central Colorado, USA. Dissolved organic carbon and total dissolved nitrogen were higher in lateral subsurface flow draining old-versus second-growth forest. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the DOM exported from the old-growth forest was more heterogeneous and aromatic and that proteinaceous, microbially processed DOM components were more prevalent in the second-growth forest. Biological oxygen demand assays revealed much lower microbial metabolism of DOM in litter leachate and subsurface exports from the oldgrowth forest relative to second growth. Old-growth and second-growth forests are co-mingled in managed ecosystems, and our findings demonstrate that land cover change from a mixture of conifer species to lodgepole pine dominance influences DOM inputs that can increase the reactivity of DOM transferred from terrestrial to aquatic ecosystems.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amount and reactivity of dissolved organic matter export are affected by land cover change from old‐growth to second‐growth forests in headwater ecosystems

Fegel

Boot

Covino

et al. 2021

Hydrological Processes

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“…The Fool Creek catchment is located just below treeline and is covered by forests comprised of subalpine fir ( Abies lasiocarpa ), Engelmann spruce ( Picea engelmannii ) and lodgepole pine ( Pinus contorta) . Like much of the Front Range, the catchment is underlain by metamorphosed Paleoproterozoic rock (Kellogg et al, 2008; Shroba et al, 2010). Biotite and calc‐silicate gneiss, schist, granite and granodiorite are the predominant rock groups (Figure 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of variability in springwater chemistry in Fool Creek, a high‐elevation catchment of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado, USA

Rhoades

Fegel

Covino

et al. 2021

Hydrological Processes

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Springs are the point of origin for most headwater streams and are important regulators of their chemical composition. We analysed solute concentrations of water emerging from 57 springs within the 3 km 2 Fool Creek catchment at the Fraser Experimental Forest and considered sources of spatial variation among them and their influence on the chemical composition of downstream water. On average, calcium and acid neutralizing capacity (bicarbonate-ANC) comprised 50 and 90% of the cation and anion charge respectively, in both spring and stream water. Variation in inorganic chemical composition among springs reflected distinct groundwater sources and catchment geology. Springs emerging through glacial deposits in the

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“…Peak snowpack accumulation occurs at the beginning of April, and peak runoff occurs in early June. The study area is underlain by metamorphosed rock (Kellogg et al, 2008) dominated by biotite schist and gneiss (Shroba et al, 2010). Upland soils are gravelly, sandy‐loams classified as Haplocryepts and Dystrocryepts formed on glacial till and colluvium (Soil Survey Staff, 2010).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Nitrogen Leaching in Logged Beetle‐Killed Forests and Implications for Riparian Fuel Reduction

Rhoades

2019

J of Env Quality

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Recent extensive forest mortality and subsequent salvage logging may threaten the water supply from headwater catchments in western North America. Land managers confronting current insect outbreaks and projected increases in forest disturbance require information about the potential water quality consequences of these changes. This study is a hillslopescale evaluation of soil N and C leaching in lodgepole pine forests that have experienced 80% overstory tree mortality. I measured extractable inorganic and ion resin exchangeable-N forms, in situ net mineralization and nitrification, and leaching in upland and riparian forests with the following treatment combinations: (i) uncut upland with uncut riparian, (ii) harvested upland with uncut riparian buffer, and (iii) harvested upland with harvested riparian. This design permitted comparison of N cycling and leaching in 30-m-wide riparian buffers and a riparian fuel break designed to remove canopy fuels and reduce wildfire concerns in areas with extensive bark beetle infestation. Harvesting increased NO 3 -N, total dissolved N, and dissolved organic C leachate concentrations in upland landscapes but had little effect on net N transformations. Leachate N and C concentrations were 1.5 times higher in riparian buffers downslope of harvested uplands than those in riparian zones downslope of uncut uplands. Riparian forest harvest increased N leaching relative to uncut buffers, although postharvest concentrations remained well below regional water quality standards. Thus, while this study provides evidence that N leaching from dead buffers is low, it also suggests that riparian fuel reduction may complement wildfire mitigation objectives without compromising watershed protection.

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Geologic map of the Fraser 7.5-minute quadrangle, Grand County, Colorado

Cited by 6 publications

References 62 publications

Amount and reactivity of dissolved organic matter export are affected by land cover change from old‐growth to second‐growth forests in headwater ecosystems

Amount and reactivity of dissolved organic matter export are affected by land cover change from old‐growth to second‐growth forests in headwater ecosystems

Sources of variability in springwater chemistry in Fool Creek, a high‐elevation catchment of the Rocky Mountains, Colorado, USA

Soil Nitrogen Leaching in Logged Beetle‐Killed Forests and Implications for Riparian Fuel Reduction

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