Geogrid‐Inspired Nanostructure to Reinforce a CuxZnySnzS Nanowall Electrode for High‐Stability Electrochemical Energy Conversion Devices

Chiu, Jian-Ming; Chen, E-Ming; Lee, Chuan‐Pei; Shown, Indrajit; Tunuguntla, Venkatesh; Chou, Jui‐Sheng; Chen, Li‐Chyong; Chen, Kuei‐Hsien; Tai, Yian

doi:10.1002/aenm.201602210

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…Several low-cost and earth-abundant alternatives such as carbon materials, conductive polymers, alloys, metal oxides and metal carbides/nitrides/sulfides have been widely developed as active CEs in DSSCs. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] To date, several kinds of carbon materials, including carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and graphene, have been exploited as CEs for DSSCs due to their superior conductivity and large specific surface areas. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45] Nevertheless, their catalytic activities still cannot match that of Pt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design of Metal Oxide–Based Cathodes for Efficient Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Wang

Liu

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

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Recently, there is an urgent need for alternative energy resources due to the nonrenewable nature of fossil fuels and the increasing CO 2 greenhouse gas emissions. The photovoltaic technologies which directly utilize the abundant and sustainable solar energy are critical. Among various photovoltaic devices (solar cells), dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have gained increasing attention due to their high efficiency and easy fabrication process in the past decade. The cathode is a critical part in DSSCs while the benchmark Pt cathode suffers from high cost and scarcity. Thus, the development of alternative Pt-free cathodes have attracted numerous attentions to heighten the cost competitiveness of DSSCs. Among various cathodes, metal oxides are of growing interest due to their superior activity, robust stability and low cost. Simple oxides such as WO 3 and SnO 2 are used as cathodes for DSSCs. Considering the fixed atomic environment in simple oxides, complex oxides are more attractive as cathodes because of their more flexible physical and chemical properties. This review attempts to present the rational design of simple/complex metal oxide-based cathodes in DSSCs and then to provide useful guidance for the future design and development of Pt-free cathodes. The demonstrated design strategies can be extended to other electrocatalysis-based applications.Received: ((will be filled in by the editorial staff))Revised: ((will be filled in by the editorial staff))

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design of Metal Oxide–Based Cathodes for Efficient Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Wang

Liu

et al. 2018

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…And CoSe 2 /CoSeO 3 -NP has a larger reaction area than the nanorod and nanocube of CoSe 2 /CoSeO 3 , confirmed by the electrochemical double-layer capacitance, which is positively related to the Figure 8. [78], (c) double-shelled ball-in-ball hollow sphere [70,74], (d) hollow spherical particle [71], (e) acicular nanorod array [49], ( f-h) nanorod [53,54,75], (i and j) nanosheet [55,66], (k and l) nanowall [64,72], and (m) hierarchical nanosphere with nanorod [77]. reaction area.…”

Section: Transition Metal Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vertically-aligned structures of electrocatalysts were reported to facilitate faster charge transport from the substrate through the electrocatalysts to the electrolyte [64,72,77], as shown in Figure 9. This structure is expected to have better electrocatalytic ability.…”

Section: The Structures Of Transition Metal Materials Including (A Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cell with CoSe 2 /C-NCW CE reaches the highest efficiency of 8.92%, with a V OC of 0.73 V, a J SC of 18.03 mA cm −2 , and an FF of 0.67; this efficiency is even higher than that of the cell with Pt (8.25%). The CZTS nanowall electrodes (NWD) on Mo substrate show nanowalls with a width of ~500 nm, a thickness of nearly 15 nm, and a height of ~1.5 μm, which were adequately aligned in a densely packed array, which was nearly perpendicular to the surface of the Mo substrate, as shown in Figure 8(l) [72]. In this case, CZTS-NWD demonstrates a concept of "nano-geogrid"-reinforced CZTS nanowall electrode by synthesizing a thin layer of a porous CZTS nanostructure mimicking a geogrid on a substrate and then fabricating a CZTS nanowall on top of the nanostructure, as shown in Figure 9(b).…”

Section: The Structures Of Transition Metal Materials Including (A Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structural Engineering on Pt-Free Electrocatalysts for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

Huang¹,

Chen²,

Ann³

et al. 2020

Nanostructures

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In recent decades, plenty of nanomaterials have been investigated as electrocatalysts for the replacement of the expensive platinum (Pt) counter electrode in dyesensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The key function of the electrocatalyst is to reduce tri-iodide ions to iodide ions at the electrolyte/counter electrode interface. The performance of the electrocatalyst is usually determined by two key factors, i.e., the intrinsic heterogeneous rate constant and the effective electrocatalytic surface area of the electrocatalyst. The intrinsic heterogeneous rate constant of the electrocatalyst varies by different types of materials, which can be roughly divided into five groups: non-Pt metals, carbons, conducting polymers, transition metal compounds, and their composites. The effective electrocatalytic surface area is determined by the nanostructure of the electrocatalyst. In this chapter, the nanostructural design and engineering on different types of Pt-free electrocatalysts will be systematically introduced. Also, the relationship between various nanostructures of electrocatalysts and the pertinent physical/electrochemical properties will be discussed.

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“…However, Pt suffers from several drawbacks such as low abundance, high price, and poor stability in the electrolyte. Consequently, tremendous efforts have been made to develop low‐cost, highly active, and stable Pt‐free cathodes …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Intrinsically Conductive Phosphorus‐Doped Perovskite Oxide as a New Cathode for High‐Performance Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells by Providing Internal Conducting Pathways

Wang

Liu

et al. 2019

Solar RRL

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State‐of‐the‐art dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) usually use the noble and scarce platinum (Pt) cathode, which strongly limits the practical applications of DSSCs. Accordingly, low‐cost, highly active, and stable alternatives to Pt are highly desired. Herein, an intrinsically conductive perovskite oxide is reported as a new cathode for DSSCs using a simple nonmetal element doping strategy. The phosphorus‐doped perovskite oxide (SrCo0.95P0.05O3−δ [SCP]) shows superior activity/durability for the triiodide (I3−) reduction reaction (IRR) and structural stability relative to the parent compound (SrCoO3−δ [SC]) due to the greatly enhanced electrical conductivity and the stabilization of the perovskite structure. The internal conducting pathways are demonstrated to be very important to obtain high IRR activity of the perovskite cathode, even when the cathode is incorporated with conductive multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The DSSC with the N719 dye and SCP/MWCNTs cathode displays a superior power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.1% to those with Pt (8.11%) and SC/MWCNTs (6.80%) cathodes. In addition, the DSSC with the C101 dye and SCP/MWCNTs cathode shows an attractive PCE of 12.2% with an enhancement of 23%, as compared with the Pt cathode, suggesting that the SCP/MWCNTs composite can be one of the best substitutions to the Pt cathode, which can benefit the future industrialization of DSSCs.

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Geogrid‐Inspired Nanostructure to Reinforce a Cu_xZn_ySn_zS Nanowall Electrode for High‐Stability Electrochemical Energy Conversion Devices

Cited by 21 publications

References 54 publications

Rational Design of Metal Oxide–Based Cathodes for Efficient Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Rational Design of Metal Oxide–Based Cathodes for Efficient Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells

Structural Engineering on Pt-Free Electrocatalysts for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells

An Intrinsically Conductive Phosphorus‐Doped Perovskite Oxide as a New Cathode for High‐Performance Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells by Providing Internal Conducting Pathways

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