Geography and Ecology: The Concept of the Community and Its Relationship to Environment

Abstract

A major problem in the field of geography is to find some principle of selection providing a coherent theme for teaching and research. A geography of living things might provide such a principle in addition to those already employed, for it could focus attention especially on the study of communities, regarding the areas they occupy as functional regions. Communities so conceived would be regarded as organized groups of men, animals, plants or soils, or combinations of them. Developments in ecological studies, particularly community ecology and biogeography, make such a study possible; and with its stress on relationships, such as energy balance, biogeochemical cycles, limiting factors, and population dynamics, a geography of communities would be closely linked with other expanding fields of knowledge. It would be particularly susceptible to treatment by quantitative techniques and its biological emphasis would concentrate on the chief elements linking man and other creatures with their environment.EOGRAPHY has to deal with such a wide

A Dynamic Network with Individual Mobility for Designing Vaccination Strategies

“…In reality, the under‐ and over‐connected networks may correspond to two types of societies, where the spatial and social behaviors of individuals differ. The modeled communities in a social network can be defined by considering different socio‐economic and cultural characteristics of geographic units (Knox and Marston 2004, McMillan 1986, Morgan and Moss 1965). The underconnected networks can correspond to rural areas, where small villages or towns are sparsely distributed and far apart from one another.…”

Retrospective on Nature–Society Geography: Tracing Trajectories (1911–2010) and Reflecting on Translations

“…Important Annals publications of the 1950s and 1960s also provided sustained focus on such core concepts as community ecological science (Morgan and Moss 1965), Darwinian theory (Stoddart 1966), and comparative case-study design and methodology (Brookfield 1962). Emphasis on agriculture, resources, and rural societies traced to influences of the Sauerian Berkeley School (Sauer 1921(Sauer , 1924.…”

Whither Physical Geography?

“…Physical geography was gradually resuscitated as part of the quantitative revolution in geography and the earth sciences during the 1950s and 1960s. In climatology (Hare 1955;Court 1957), geomorphology (Strahler 1950(Strahler , 1952(Strahler , 1954, and, eventually, biogeography (Morgan and Moss 1965;Fosberg 1976;Gersmehl 1976), a new type of physical geography began to emerge that accentuated a concern with dynamic processes of earth systems. This new approach, which has evolved to the present, is founded on basic physical, chemical, and biological principles and employs statistical and mathematical analysis.…”