Geographical variation in thermal tolerance within Southern Ocean marine ectotherms

Morley, Simon A.; Hirse, Timo; Pörtner, Hans‐Otto; Peck, Lloyd S.

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2009.02.001

Cited by 64 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Laternula elliptica), and some of these have already been established as very thermally sensitive at the edge of their range (e.g. Nacella concinna, Morley et al 2009). Some detail is known for some of the suggested indicator species (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic range shift responses to climate change by Antarctic benthos: where we should look

Barnes¹,

Griffiths²,

Kaiser³

2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Toleration, adaptation, migration or extinction are the options for species making up Southern Ocean (SO) shelf biodiversity, in response to accelerating change (e.g. warming). Physiological evidence suggests few organisms may tolerate, and slow generational turn-over means fewer will adapt to, unprecedented change. To avoid extinction many organisms must migrate along linear coast, go deeper or both. There is strong evidence that such range shifts are happening, and occurred in the past, along N-S (linear) coastlines (e.g. USA), but there are no continuous shelf/slope connections to Antarctica from elsewhere. There are only 3 major linear shelves in Antarctica: Victoria Land, the Antarctic Peninsula, and the Kerguelen Plateau. Scientific effort has focused on the former two but their temperature gradient is negligible or bi-directional, so most potential for thermally-driven range shifts lies along the Kerguelen Plateau. We investigated ranges of several SO taxa (bivalve and gastropod molluscs, amphipods, ophiuroids and hexacorals), and looked for hotspots of where the geographical range limits of different species coincided. Southern Patagonia, South Georgia and Kerguelen had amongst the greatest range-limit hotspots. Shifts of SO endemics will be mainly range contractions (of northernmost limits), whilst species with ranges crossing the Polar Front (PF; the strongest jet of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current) may become 'new' SO endemics. Species with southernmost limits north of the PF should penetrate the SO, either as returning natives (expelled during glaciations) or invasive non-indigenous species. Monitoring range shifts in only a few suggested key places and taxa should give powerful insights into biodiversity responses and gauge tolerance vs. migration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic range shift responses to climate change by Antarctic benthos: where we should look

Barnes¹,

Griffiths²,

Kaiser³

2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Stress response mechanisms are energetically costly and require animals to increase metabolic rates (Sokolova et al, 2012). Under heat stress, the activity of metabolic enzymes, such as citrate synthase, can also increase, which allows for a higher aerobic capacity (Sokolova and Pörtner, 2001;Morley et al, 2009;Kern et al, 2015). Increased metabolic rates under stressful conditions can cause animals to deplete glycogen energy stores (Santini and Chelazzi, 1995;Lim et al, 1996;Leung and Furness, 2001;Palais et al, 2011;Bjelde and Todgham, 2013;Goh and Lai, 2014) and increase the production of reactive oxygen species (Abele et al, 2002;Kültz, 2005;Han et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enzymatic activity of citrate synthase was quantified in limpet foot tissue to assess cellular aerobic capacity (Morley et al, 2009). Limpet foot tissue frozen in liquid nitrogen, powdered, and then approximately 15 mg was homogenized by hand in 200 μl of icecold 50 mmol l −1 potassium phosphate buffer ( pH 6.8).…”

Section: Citrate Synthase Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of stochastic thermal environments in modulating the thermal physiology of an intertidal limpet, Lottia digitalis

Drake

Miller

Todgham

2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Much of our understanding of the thermal physiology of intertidal organisms comes from experiments with animals acclimated under constant conditions and exposed to a single heat stress. In nature, however, the thermal environment is more complex. Aerial exposure and the unpredictable nature of thermal stress during low tides may be critical factors in defining the thermal physiology of intertidal organisms. In the fingered limpet, Lottia digitalis, we investigated whether upper temperature tolerance and thermal sensitivity were influenced by the pattern of fluctuation with which thermal stress was applied. Specifically, we examined whether there was a differential response (measured as cardiac performance) to repeated heat stress of a constant and predictable magnitude compared with heat stress applied in a stochastic and unpredictable nature. We also investigated differences in cellular metabolism and damage following immersion for insights into biochemical mechanisms of tolerance. Upper temperature tolerance increased with aerial exposure, but no significant differences were found between predictable treatments of varying magnitudes (13°C versus 24°C versus 32°C). Significant differences in thermal tolerance were found between unpredictable trials with different heating patterns. There were no significant differences among treatments in basal citrate synthase activity, glycogen content, oxidative stress or antioxidants. Our results suggest that aerial exposure and recent thermal history, paired with relief from high low-tide temperatures, are important factors modulating the capacity of limpets to deal with thermal stress.

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“…When temperatures were raised acutely smaller individuals belonging to several taxa survived to higher temperatures than large animals, which can strongly affect the species' reproductive potential (Peck et al 2009a). It was also established that limpets Nacella concinna from South Georgia have a lower critical limit (5.1-10.0°C) than Nacella concinna from the colder environments of Signy Island and Adelaide Island (10.0-12.5°C) (Morley et al 2009). …”

Section: Seawater Warmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Factors that can infl uence thermotolerance of Antarctic benthic invertebrates are individual size (Peck et al 2009a) and geographical location (Morley et al 2009). When temperatures were raised acutely smaller individuals belonging to several taxa survived to higher temperatures than large animals, which can strongly affect the species' reproductive potential (Peck et al 2009a).…”

Section: Seawater Warmingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antarctic Benthic Fauna in the Global Climate Change

Kidawa¹,

Janecki²

2011

Papers on Global Change IGBP

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ABSTRACT:In the last 50 years a signifi cant climatic shift has been observed along the Antarctic Peninsula (air and seawater temperature rise, glacial retreat, localized instances of lowered shallow waters salinities). Many Antarctic marine benthic invertebrates are adapted to specifi c environmental conditions (e.g. low stable temperatures, high salinity and oxygen content). Changes caused by global climate changes and subsequent glacial melting can be expected to have signifi cant impacts on species physiology and distribution. The rise of sea water temperature coupled with such additional stress factors as melt water run-off, increased ice disturbance, disruption of food webs or invasion of alien species can be a serious problem for their long-term survival.

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Geographical variation in thermal tolerance within Southern Ocean marine ectotherms

Abstract: Latitudinal comparisons of the Southern Ocean limpet, Nacella concinna, and clam, Laternula

Cited by 64 publications

References 44 publications

Geographic range shift responses to climate change by Antarctic benthos: where we should look

Geographic range shift responses to climate change by Antarctic benthos: where we should look

The role of stochastic thermal environments in modulating the thermal physiology of an intertidal limpet, Lottia digitalis

Antarctic Benthic Fauna in the Global Climate Change

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