Geographical patterns of diversity in pearl millet germplasm from Yemen

Reddy, Narsimha; Rao, K. Narayana; Ahmed, Irshad

doi:10.1023/b:gres.0000024151.00362.dc

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…These two different seasonal conditions are typical to semi-arid regions (Reddy et al, 2004). These two different seasonal conditions are typical to semi-arid regions (Reddy et al, 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Latitudinal patterns of diversity in the world collection of pearl millet landraces at the ICRISAT genebank

et al. 2013

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The genebank at ICRISAT, Patancheru, India conserves a total of 19,063 pearl millet landraces from latitudes ranging from 33.008 in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) to 34.378 in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). In the present study, the NH was found to be the major region for growing pearl millet landraces (80.5%). More landraces were found at lower latitudes (, 208) in both hemispheres than at higher latitudes. The latitude range of 108-158 in the NH and 158-208 in the SH were found to be important source regions for the prevalence of pearl millet, with 39.6% and 13.1% in the world collection of landraces, respectively. Landraces from lower-latitude regions on either side of the equator varied widely for all traits. Landraces from the 58 -108N latitude region flowered late and grew tall in the rainy and post-rainy seasons and produced more tillers. Landraces from the 108 -158N latitude region produced few tillers and had long and thick panicles with larger seeds. Long-bristled bird-resistant landraces were considerable at latitudes of 108-158S and 208-258S. The minimum temperature at the collection sites was found to be one of the important factors for determining the patterns of the prevalence of pearl millet across the latitudes. Late-maturing, tall and high-tillering landraces from lower-latitude regions were better sources for fodder production. Earlymaturing landraces producing long and thick panicles with large seeds from mid-latitude regions (158-208) in both hemispheres were useful for developing high-yielding cultivars. Using the latitudinal patterns of diversity in pearl millet landraces, missions may be launched to explore high-diversity, under-collected and threatened areas for the collection of materials of interest at latitudes of 158-208.

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“…These two different seasonal conditions are typical to semi-arid regions (Reddy et al, 2004). These two different seasonal conditions are typical to semi-arid regions (Reddy et al, 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Latitudinal patterns of diversity in the world collection of pearl millet landraces at the ICRISAT genebank

et al. 2013

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“…For the early planting dates, the number of days to maturity was extended, mainly due to response of millet to photoperiod and temperature. When it is exposed to photoperiods above 12 h, the phasic development leading to panicle initiation is delayed (Reddy et al 2004). Millet is a short-day crop that is sensitive to photoperiod, and this means that progress toward flowering is accelerated when day length decreases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining optimum planting dates for pearl millet for two contrasting environments using a modelling approach

et al. 2008

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SUMMARYPearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L) R. Br.] is an important cereal crop in Niger, West Africa and a potential crop for the United States of America (USA). Only a few studies have been conducted in either country to identify the optimum planting dates for high and stable yields, in part because planting date experiments are resource-intensive. Crop simulation models can be an alternative research tool for determining optimum planting dates and other management practices. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the performance of the Cropping System Simulation Model (CSM)–CERES-Millet model for two contrasting environments, including Mead, Nebraska, USA and Kollo, Niger, West Africa and to use the model for determining the optimum planting dates for these two environments. Field experiments were conducted in both environments to study the impact of nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield of three varieties in Kollo and three hybrids in Mead and their associated growth and development characteristics. The CSM–CERES-Millet model was able to accurately simulate growth, development and yield for millet grown in these two contrasting environments and under different management practices that included several genotypes and different nitrogen fertilizer application rates. For Kollo, the optimum planting date to obtain the maximum yield was between 13 and 23 May for variety Heini Kirei, while for the other varieties the planting dates were between 23 May and 2 June. For Mead, the planting date analysis showed that the highest simulated yield was obtained, on average, between 19 and 29 June for hybrid 59022A×89-083 and 1361M×6Rm. Further studies should focus on evaluation and application of the millet model for other agroclimatic regions where pearl millet is an important crop.

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“…Sorghum germplasm were characterized during rainy (June–November) and post‐rainy (October–March) seasons in vertisols, in batches of 500 to 1000 at ICRISAT, Patancheru (17°51′ N, 78°27′ E, 545 m asl) from 1977 to 2014, as and when new germplasm entries were received at the ICRISAT genebank. These two different seasonal conditions are typical to the semiarid regions (Reddy et al, 2004). Every year, landraces were sown on 20 June (±2 d) and harvested in October or November during the rainy season, whereas in the post‐rainy season, the accessions were sown on 15 October (±2 d) and harvested in March of the subsequent year.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Latitudinal Adaptation of Flowering Response to Photoperiod and Temperature in the World Collection of Sorghum Landraces

et al. 2018

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Knowledge of photoperiod and temperature sensitivity of landraces is required to understand their latitudinal pattern of adaptation and to identify insensitive germplasm for crop improvement. Photoperiod and temperature sensitivity of 20,710 sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] landraces was assessed under long‐day rainy and short‐day post‐rainy seasons. The results revealed 1697 landraces to be photoperiod and temperature insensitive (PTINS), 18,766 to be photoperiod sensitive and temperature insensitive (PSTINS), and 247 to be photoperiod and temperature sensitive (PTS). Lower latitudes (0.00–25.00°) were important regions for sorghum landraces. The mean number of days to 50% flowering (DFL) was equal in both the seasons for PTINS landraces. The mean DFL was high (98 d) for PSTINS and low (63 d) for PTS in the rainy season in the entire set of landraces. The DFL in all three groups—PTINS, PSTINS, and PTS—decreased with increase in latitude. The mean cumulative growing degree days were higher for PTINS (1153°C d) and PSTINS (1587°C d) in the rainy season than in the post‐rainy season (866°C d in PTINS, 905°C d in PSTINS) but were similar in both the seasons for PTS (∼1040°C d). Insensitive landraces were found in higher proportions at 0.00 to 25.00° N and 15.00 to 35.00° S than at other latitudes. Evaluation of these insensitive sources for stress tolerance, and for agronomic and seed quality traits is suggested to identify parents to develop high‐yielding, nutrient‐dense, and climate‐resilient sorghum cultivars.

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Geographical patterns of diversity in pearl millet germplasm from Yemen

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Latitudinal patterns of diversity in the world collection of pearl millet landraces at the ICRISAT genebank

Latitudinal patterns of diversity in the world collection of pearl millet landraces at the ICRISAT genebank

Determining optimum planting dates for pearl millet for two contrasting environments using a modelling approach

Latitudinal Adaptation of Flowering Response to Photoperiod and Temperature in the World Collection of Sorghum Landraces

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