Geographical Patterns of AIDS in the United States

Dutt, Ashok Κ.; Monroe, Charles B.; Dutta, Hiran M.; Prince, Barbara

doi:10.2307/214284

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…In the ®rst generation, much of the research on AIDS (e.g. Dutt et al, 1987Dutt et al, , 1990Shannon and Pyle, 1989;Shannon et al, 1991;Smallman-Raynor and Cliff, 1990a, b) catalogued its spread by reporting the rates by location. While this has been a relatively straightforward process in developed countries which release data by regular time period, sometimes at various geographical scales, sometimes by age and sex and even sometimes by risk group, constructing maps even by country for less developed countries can be a painstaking process of ®nding reliable data (see, for example, the data sources catalogued by Smallman-Raynor and Cliff, 1990b).…”

Section: Part One ± Mapping and Modelling Disease And Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical or health geography? Populations, peoples and places

Rosenberg

1998

Int. J. Popul. Geogr.

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Section: Part One ± Mapping and Modelling Disease And Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medical or health geography? Populations, peoples and places

Rosenberg

1998

Int. J. Popul. Geogr.

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“…Lending credence to this observation, it has been found that the number of cases in large cities is decreasing while the number of cases is increasing in the surrounding locales (Dutt et al 1987). Drucker (1990) proposes several hypotheses to explain this phenomena for an IDU population:…”

Section: Diffusion Of Hivmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The distribution of AIDS cases not only varies by cities and states, but also by geographical regions (Lange et al 1988). While more than half of U.S. AIDS cases were initially concentrated in the northeast and western urban centers (New York City, San Francisco and Los Angeles, California), by 1987 Miami and Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, joined Colorado and Texas as states with high rates of AIDS (Dutt et al 1987), adding the southeast and some central areas to existing geographic concentration areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV diffusion patterns and mobility: Gender differences among drug users

McCoy

Correa

Fritz

1996

Popul Res Policy Rev

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Researchers have recently expanded the scope of study of transmission patterns of AIDS to incorporate spatial and geographical questions. United States diffusion patterns of this disease appear to indicate that it may emanate from urban area epicenters to areas of low and moderate prevalence. The travel patterns of injecting drug users (IDUs) and the extent to which they engage in high risk drug and sexual activities was examined as an explanation of diffusion of the HIV virus from one community to another. The study population of 49,621 was comprised of subjects recruited from approximately 60 sites nationwide from 1988-1991. While the data are limited in some ways, they partially support a diffusion explanation of HIV transmission for males and females. The analysis demonstrates that low prevalence cities were significantly more likely to have been the destinations of both men and women who engaged in high risk drug and sexual activities. In addition, HIV seropositive drug users who engaged in high risk drug and sexual behaviors in destination cities were more likely than seronegatives to travel to high or low seroprevalence areas than to moderate prevalence areas. The findings suggest a need for effective HIV prevention educational messages about the risks of traveling and participating in high risk activities.

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“…The first group of studies documents the incidence rates by location (see, e.g., Dutt et al 1987)-here, national patterns by gender, race, age, and survival rate are examined. The main issue in these studies is data reliability (Dutt et al 1987;Shannon and Pyle 1989;Smallman-Raynor andCliff 1990a, 1990b;Shannon, Pyle, and Bashur 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Context and Impact of HIV and AIDS in Chiang Rai, Thailand: A Study of Youth and Young Adults

Jongsthapongpanth

Bagchi‐Sen

2010

Annals of the Association of American Geographers

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This study examines the geographic variation in the incidence of HIV/AIDS in Chiang Rai, one of the northern districts of Thailand with a very high rate of HIV infection and AIDS. A related goal of this study is to understand the socioeconomic impact of the disease. First, spatial analysis is used to estimate the effects of local determinants on the incidence of HIV and AIDS. Second, standardized questionnaire surveys of patients are conducted to understand the individual context of the disease. Finally, in-depth qualitative interviews are used to examine the socioeconomic impact of the disease at the individual level. Results show that localities with a relatively high percentage of households engaged as laborers, localities close to municipal areas, and those with a high concentration of commercial sex workers are significantly correlated with high incidence rates. Places close to municipal areas are typically more urbanized, with diverse income groups and businesses in their vicinity. These areas have higher levels of risk factors compared to places that are remote. The interview-based analysis shows that HIV/AIDS patients, from diverse education and income backgrounds and different levels of comfort with disclosure and disease intensity, have shown equally diverse levels of suffering and coping strategies. Their response is not only dictated by the intensity of the disease but by their own acceptance of their disease status, an understanding of the disease and treatment options, their fear of stigma, and the reaction of family, friends, partners, and health workers. Key Words: HIV and AIDS, local determinants, socioeconomic impact, Thailand.Este estudio examina la variación geográfica de la incidencia de HIV/SIDA en Chiang Rai, uno de los distritos del norte de Tailandia que registra altas tasas de infección de HIV y SIDA. Otro de los propósitos del estudio es comprender el impacto socioeconómico de la enfermedad. Primero, se utilizó el análisis espacial para calcular los efectos de determinantes locales sobre la incidencia de HIV y SIDA. Segundo, se llevaron a cabo observaciones sistemáticas de pacientes por medio de cuestionarios estandarizados, para entender el contexto individual de la enfermedad. Y, finalmente, se aplicaron entrevistas cualitativas a fondo para examinar el impacto socioeconómico de la enfermedad a nivel individual. Los resultados muestran que aquellas localidades con un porcentaje relativamente alto de familias de trabajadores, localidades cercanas a lasáreas municipales y aquellas con una alta concentración de trabajadoras sexuales, están significativamente correlacionadas con tasas de alta incidencia. Los lugares cercanos a los poblados son típicamente más urbanizados, tienen grupos de ingresos diversificados y negocios en la vecindad. Estasáreas tienen los factores de riesgo de más alto nivel, en comparación con los lugares remotos. El análisis de los datos generados en entrevistas muestra que los pacientes de HIV/SIDA con antecedentes variados en educación e ingreso y diferentes nive...

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Geographical Patterns of AIDS in the United States

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Medical or health geography? Populations, peoples and places

Medical or health geography? Populations, peoples and places

HIV diffusion patterns and mobility: Gender differences among drug users

The Context and Impact of HIV and AIDS in Chiang Rai, Thailand: A Study of Youth and Young Adults

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