Geographical indications and upgrading of small-scale producers in global agro-food chains: A case study of the Makó Onion Protected Designation of Origin

Tregear, Angela; Török, Áron; Gorton, Matthew

doi:10.1177/0308518x15607467

Cited by 45 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Although this distribution matches the actual distribution of GIs in Europe, if the objective is to evaluate the GI policy at an EU level, again, some problems of external validity may arise. These countries have a long tradition of GI usage, and the mechanisms through which a GI is implemented and used here are different from the acting processes in a "non-typical" country [70]. Therefore, because GIs are a common European policy tool, it may be valuable to explore the role that they play in contexts relatively new to this type of policy more deeply.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Geographical Indications to Rural Development: A Review of the Economic Effects of European Union Policy

2018

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One of the main functions of geographical indications (GIs) is to provide information and quality to consumers. This, in turn, can generate benefits for producers and stimulate rural development processes, as advocated by European Union (EU) legislation. The objective of the present study is to understand if the theorized effects of GIs on local economic development are supported by empirical evidence. Using a systematic approach, we reviewed the literature on the topic and structured the results of the review adopting a supply chain framework. This allows us to better understand how the effects of GIs are distributed among the chain actors and finally arrive at the local territories where GI products originate. Evidence shows that GIs are actually able to generate value added, especially at the consumer and retailer levels, while the effects on the economic performance of producers are more heterogeneous and dependent on specific local conditions. The review also highlighted some drawbacks in the literature that make it difficult to draw robust conclusions about the actual impact of GI policy at the European level. Therefore, despite the GI tool actually showing good potential for improving local economic conditions, more structured and focused research is needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Geographical Indications to Rural Development: A Review of the Economic Effects of European Union Policy

2018

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“…A similar finding was made by Belletti et al [18] for Tuscan olive oils: In markets outside Europe, PGI products were present, whereas, in Italian and EU markets, PDO products were more typical. In Hungarian case studies, it is also highlighted that Hungarian GI products do not really travel far away, and producers are mostly focusing on the domestic market (e.g.,: [19][20][21]).…”

Section: Market Share Of Gi Foods In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Market Share and Price Premium of GI Foods—The Case of the Hungarian Food Discounters

Jantyik

Török

2020

Sustainability

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The food security of the European Union heavily relies on the food quality systems where Geographical Indications (GI) play an important role. European food is considered world-wide secure and high quality, therefore European food names and designations represent value that should be protected as intellectual property. Despite the importance of GIs in Europe, the availability of the related economic data is very limited, and the only available comprehensive database (in the case of GI foods, the Database of Origin and Registration (DOOR)) details only some very basic and mainly administrative characteristics of such products. From an economic perspective, market size and price premium of these products are the most important in order to assess the economic sustainability of European GI foods. Empirical datasets describing these characteristics of GI products are scarcely available and can be collected only case by case. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to estimate the market size for food products with geographical indications available in Hungary (excluding wines and spirits) and their price premium compared to their direct substitute products, based on empirical data. We conducted monthly mystery shopping for one year (January–December 2018) at three food discount stores (Lidl, Aldi, and Penny Market) operating in Budapest. We collected data on all the GI products available in the stores and their closest substitutes; then the dataset was subsequently analysed and compared to the main characteristics of the DOOR database. The reason for choosing the discounters is that these stores have expanded spectacularly in recent years and are mostly available to average consumers, both in Hungary and across Europe, and based on the main characteristics of this type of retail (limited product portfolio targeting price-sensitive consumers), the data collected here can be considered to indicate the minimum level of market share and price premium. Our results show that currently, GIs have only limited importance in the Hungarian food market, in terms of both the number of products and their market share, as only a small number of such products appear in the food discounters’ supply. As regards the premium achievable with consumer prices, the average price premium is remarkably high (43% on average), even in the case of discounters. Our empirical results also suggest that in Hungary, there is an opportunity to increase the importance of GI foods, both in terms of availability and market share. For Hungarian GI food producers and processors, the level of price premium achievable in discounters might be attractive enough to stimulate their presence in the market.

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“…It would be courageous to say that such studies have uncontroversially proven that GIs are a "good thing" from that perspective. Some accounts conclude that GIs "work" for farmers and local communities and others suggest little is gained (Tregear, Torok, & Gorton, 2016). Some sceptical voices model GIs more as rent-seeking devices with anticompetitive effects (Landi & Stefani, 2015).…”

Section: The Context Of This Case Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Standard trade marks, geographical indications and provenance branding in Australia: What we can learn from King Island

Caenegem

Nakano

2020

World Intellectual Property

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The topic of food geographical indications (GIs) in Australia is crucial to the free trade agreement negotiations currently proceeding between Australia and the EU, as the latter is seeking exclusive rights to use European GIs in Australia. Australia does not currently have a sui generis GI registration scheme for food products (other than wine) therefore we sought to contrast the standard trade mark system in operation with a hypothetical food GI scheme. We identified King Island (KI), Tasmania, as a suitable case study because the KI provenance brand is well known in the beef, dairy and lobster industries. We conducted desktop research, and interviews with producers in all industries on the Island. Our analysis suggests that food GIs could provide base-line certainty about provenance while allowing competition around individual trade marks to proceed to the benefit of consumers and the Island community as a whole. Our study tends to reinforce the case favouring Australian legislative changes which would enable local producers to seek registration of food GIs around uncontroversial specifications.

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Geographical indications and upgrading of small-scale producers in global agro-food chains: A case study of the Makó Onion Protected Designation of Origin

Cited by 45 publications

References 46 publications

From Geographical Indications to Rural Development: A Review of the Economic Effects of European Union Policy

From Geographical Indications to Rural Development: A Review of the Economic Effects of European Union Policy

Estimating the Market Share and Price Premium of GI Foods—The Case of the Hungarian Food Discounters

Standard trade marks, geographical indications and provenance branding in Australia: What we can learn from King Island

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