“…The peaks below 1500 cm −1 were difficult to definitively relate to specific functional groups. For instance, the peak at approximately 1160 cm −1 can indicate the β−(1 → 4)−glycosidic bond of cellulose, the symmetrical P=O stretching, the stretching of C−O and C−O−H, or the bending of C−H of sugars, whereas the peak in the spectral region 1107−1103 cm −1 can be assigned to the crystalline regions of starch, or the C−O−C pyranose ring skeletal vibration 33–37 . Therefore, this study focused on the identified bands between 3500 to 2800 cm −1 and 1800 to 1550 cm −1 .Figure 2FTIR spectra of three untreated cotton seeds and the average spectrum.
…”
Cold atmospheric plasma has recently emerged as a simple, low-cost and efficient physical method for inducing significant biological responses in seeds and plants without the use of traditional, potentially environmentally-hazardous chemicals, fungicides or hormones. While the beneficial effects of plasma treatment on seed germination, disease resistance and agricultural output have been reported, the mechanisms that underpin the observed biological responses are yet to be fully described. This study employs Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and emission spectroscopy to capture chemical interactions between plasmas and seed surfaces with the aim to provide a more comprehensive account of plasma−seed interactions. FTIR spectroscopy of the seed surface confirms plasma-induced chemical etching of the surface. The etching facilitates permeation of water into the seed, which is confirmed by water uptake measurements. FTIR of exhaust and emission spectra of discharges show oxygen-containing species known for their ability to stimulate biochemical processes and deactivate pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, water gas, CO2, CO and molecules containing −C(CH3)3− moieties observed in FTIR spectra of the exhaust gas during plasma treatment may be partly responsible for the plasma chemical etching of seed surface through oxidizing the organic components of the seed coat.
“…The peaks below 1500 cm −1 were difficult to definitively relate to specific functional groups. For instance, the peak at approximately 1160 cm −1 can indicate the β−(1 → 4)−glycosidic bond of cellulose, the symmetrical P=O stretching, the stretching of C−O and C−O−H, or the bending of C−H of sugars, whereas the peak in the spectral region 1107−1103 cm −1 can be assigned to the crystalline regions of starch, or the C−O−C pyranose ring skeletal vibration 33–37 . Therefore, this study focused on the identified bands between 3500 to 2800 cm −1 and 1800 to 1550 cm −1 .Figure 2FTIR spectra of three untreated cotton seeds and the average spectrum.
…”
Cold atmospheric plasma has recently emerged as a simple, low-cost and efficient physical method for inducing significant biological responses in seeds and plants without the use of traditional, potentially environmentally-hazardous chemicals, fungicides or hormones. While the beneficial effects of plasma treatment on seed germination, disease resistance and agricultural output have been reported, the mechanisms that underpin the observed biological responses are yet to be fully described. This study employs Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and emission spectroscopy to capture chemical interactions between plasmas and seed surfaces with the aim to provide a more comprehensive account of plasma−seed interactions. FTIR spectroscopy of the seed surface confirms plasma-induced chemical etching of the surface. The etching facilitates permeation of water into the seed, which is confirmed by water uptake measurements. FTIR of exhaust and emission spectra of discharges show oxygen-containing species known for their ability to stimulate biochemical processes and deactivate pathogenic microorganisms. In addition, water gas, CO2, CO and molecules containing −C(CH3)3− moieties observed in FTIR spectra of the exhaust gas during plasma treatment may be partly responsible for the plasma chemical etching of seed surface through oxidizing the organic components of the seed coat.
“…The members of the Fabaceae family are, in general, widely appreciated and considered as staple foods in the nutrition of less economically favored societies, because of their energy and protein capacity 5 . It is known, however, that they also have antinutritional factors such as tannins, phytates, proteolytic enzyme inhibitors, lectin 6 and trypsin inhibitors 7 .…”
Section: Effects Of Different Hydration Treatments On Technological mentioning
Regular lentil consumption may improve health and prevent certain chronic diseases. Lentils have high antioxidant activity and contain proteins, essential amino acids, fiber, minerals, and bioactive compounds. However, few studies have investigated the physicochemical characteristics of lentils when subjected to various soaking and cooking methods. We aimed to evaluate the effects of different hydration and cooking practices on the hydration coefficient, cooking time, primary metabolism compounds (lipids, proteins, fibers, carbohydrates), energy value, soluble protein, color and texture characteristics, amino acid and mineral profiles, bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, and antinutritional factors (phytates and tannins) in lentils. Hydration water was preheated to initial temperatures of 25°C or 90°C. Lentils pre-hydrated with water at 90°C needed less cooking time, obtained greater softness, and had less decreases in amino acids, minerals, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity.
“…Near-and mid-infrared vibrational spectroscopies have been extensively applied to trace foodstuffs [18][19][20][21][22]. Compared with targeted analytical methods (such as those based on the gasor liquid-chromatographic determination of specific marker molecules), infrared spectroscopy allows for the quick collection of a comprehensive fingerprint of the food composition by means of robust and relatively cheap instrumentation with no or simple pre-treatment of the sample.…”
Development of local plant genetic resources grown in specific territories requires approaches that are able to discriminate between local and alien germplasm. In this work, three potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) local accessions grown in the area of Majella National Park (Abruzzo, Italy) and five commercial varieties cultivated in the same area were characterized using 22 morphological descriptors and microsatellite (SSR) DNA markers. Analysis of the DNA and of the plant, leaf, flower, and tuber morpho-agronomic traits allowed for a reliable discrimination of the local potato accessions, and provided a clear picture of their genetic relationships with the commercial varieties. Moreover, infrared spectroscopy was used to acquire a fingerprint of the tuber flesh composition. A total of 279 spectra, 70% of which were used in calibration and the remaining 30% for prediction, were processed using partial least squares discriminant analysis. About 97% of the calibration samples and 80% of the prediction samples were correctly classified according to the potato origin. In summary, the combination of the three approaches were useful in the characterization and valorization of local germplasm. In particular, the molecular markers suggest that the potato accession named Montenerodomo, cultivated in Majella National Park, can be considered a local variety and can be registered into the Regional Voluntary GR Register and entered into the foreseen protection scheme, as reported by the Italian regional laws.
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