Geographic variation in the age of temperate-zone reptile and amphibian species: Southern Hemisphere species are older

Dubey, Sylvain; Shine, Richard

doi:10.1098/rsbl.2010.0557

Cited by 20 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Our findings accord with the results of previous analyses that focused exclusively on amphibians and reptiles [12,13], and thus demonstrate that the patterns revealed by these earlier studies apply to vertebrates as a whole. Indeed, we found no evidence for an interaction between taxonomic class and hemisphere of origin, suggesting that the relationship between geographic origin and species age was broadly consistent across the five classes of vertebrates included in our analyses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…We gathered data on the oldest intraspecific diversification event within temperate-zone mammal (n = 113), bird (n = 99), amphibian (n = 46), fish (n = 53), and reptile (n = 161) species from published phylogenetic articles using searches within Scopus and ISI Web of Knowledge (see online Additional file 1: Appendix S1; as in [12,35]). The oldest intraspecific diversification event is an estimate of the amount of time since extant populations last shared a common ancestor (i.e.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent meta-analyses based on molecular dating [12,13] have revealed significant differences in the timing of the oldest intraspecific diversification event within amphibian and reptile species from the northern and southern hemispheres. In both groups, northern hemisphere species were found to be younger than southern hemisphere species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disparity in the timing of vertebrate diversification events between the northern and southern hemispheres

Tingley

Dubey

2012

BMC Evol Biol

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BackgroundClimatic oscillations throughout the Quaternary had profound effects on temperate biodiversity, but the extent of Quaternary climate change was more severe in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere than in the southern hemisphere. We sought to determine whether this geographic disparity differentially influenced the timing of intraspecific diversification events within ectothermic and endothermic vertebrate species. Using published phylogenetic hypotheses, we gathered data on the oldest intraspecific diversification event within mammal, bird, freshwater fish, amphibian, and reptile species from temperate-zone areas. We then tested whether the timing of diversification events differed between hemispheres.ResultsOur analyses provide strong evidence that vertebrates from temperate regions of the northern hemisphere are younger than those from the southern hemisphere. However, we find little evidence to suggest that this relationship differs between endotherms versus ectotherms, or that it varies widely across the five classes of vertebrates that we considered. In addition, we find that on average, endothermic species are much younger than ectothermic species.ConclusionOur findings suggest that geographic variation in the magnitude of climatic oscillations during the Quaternary led to substantial disparity in the timing of intraspecific diversification events between northern and southern hemisphere vertebrates, and that the magnitude of this divergence is largely congruent across vertebrate taxa.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disparity in the timing of vertebrate diversification events between the northern and southern hemispheres

Tingley

Dubey

2012

BMC Evol Biol

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“…, 2006; Europe, Tribsch & Schonswetter, 2003), and result in divergent genetic signatures of this climatic change (i.e. deep genetic divergence rather than recent or shallow divergences; Dubey & Shine, 2011). The Great Dividing Range (GDR), formed through several periods of tectonic uplift over the past 70 Myr, is the dominant topographic feature in eastern Australia (Keast, 1981; Frakes et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeographic barriers in south-eastern Australia drive phylogeographic divergence in the garden skink, Lampropholis guichenoti

Chapple

Thompson

2011

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim To investigate the impact of climatic oscillations and recognized biogeographic barriers on the evolutionary history of the garden skink (Lampropholis guichenoti), a common and widespread vertebrate in south‐eastern Australia. Location South‐eastern Australia. Methods Sequence data were obtained from the ND4 mitochondrial gene for 123 individuals from 64 populations across the entire distribution of the garden skink. A range of phylogenetic (maximum likelihood, Bayesian) and phylogeographic analyses (genetic diversity, Tajima’s D, ΦST, mismatch distribution) were conducted to examine the evolutionary history and diversification of the garden skink. Results A deep phylogeographic break (c. 14%), estimated to have occurred in the mid–late Miocene, was found between ‘northern’ and ‘southern’ populations across the Hunter Valley in northern New South Wales. Divergences among the geographically structured clades within the ‘northern’ (five clades) and ‘southern’ (seven clades) lineages occurred during the Pliocene, with the location of the major breaks corresponding to the recognized biogeographic barriers in south‐eastern Australia. Main conclusions Climatic fluctuations and the presence of several elevational and habitat barriers in south‐eastern Australia appear to be responsible for the diversification of the garden skink over the last 10 Myr. Further molecular and morphological work will be required to determine whether the two genetic lineages represent distinct species.

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“…In this perspective, from various sources (Novacek, 1992;Michaux et al, 2001;Dubey & Shine, 2010;Hedges & Kumar, 2009;Murphy et al, 2012), it has been inferred time duration of a lot of taxa examined by the above Authors and pertaining to the above 5 ranks; then, an estimation of minimal, maximal, and average duration of each taxonomic rank was obtained.…”

Section: Genetic Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Is biodiversity aging? Heuristic questions on the taxonomic diversity in the Phanerozoic

Amante¹

2018

Biodiversity Journal

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The trend of numerosity component of diversity was analysed from palaeontological data, according to various time intervals and taxonomical ranks. Taxa numerosity of lower (with respect to family), with a nearly exponential increase, vs. higher ranks (from order to macrotaxon), with mainly a logarithmic trend, confirms to follow quite different patterns over time. This dataset seems to fit with a more assortative hypothesis, for higher taxa and a more divisive one for lower taxa. Then, a model was built to quantify the relative weight, over time, of the above hypothetical evolutionary components of various taxa ranks; such ranks were identified, in a palaeontological approach, by the maximum number of recorded taxa or, in a phyletic approach, by the time duration based on genetic data. The trends obtained by this model agree with observed records and the hypothesis, to be verified, of a quite different evolutionary origin of macro-(phylum, class, order ranks) and micro-taxa (genus and species), during the transition between two main time phases: the first (evidently more assortative), mainly linked to the lateral sharing of characters, the second (evidently more divisive), mainly influenced by the ever growing morpho-physio-genetic isolation even for the protection of complex adaptations, as in the present, "modern species". INTRODUCTIONSince evolutionary theory was accepted as the only possible rational explanation of the life diversification in the biosphere -e.g., Gould (2002); see also Mayr (1982), evolutionary processes have received many and different interpretations. Two main question points have been particularly investigated: (i) the basis of the biological variability, and (ii) the factors orienting its evolution: see, e. g., Gould (2002). Moreover, genetics has provided experimental evidence of the "transition" from a species into another species, within a framework that has been defined "microevolution".However, there has been a contextual difficulty in explaining the great differences in morpho-physiological models, occurring among high-rank taxa like phyla, classes, and orders by means of merely micro-evolutionary processes (Stanley, 1979).Therefore, Stanley (1979) hypothesized a "decoupling" of selective ranks, between microevolution (selection among individuals) and macroevolution (species as individual units of selection, in macro-evolution, in analogy with specimens in micro-evolution). KEY WORDSEvolutionary models; genetic timing; macroevolution; taxonomic diversity."Iamque adeo fracta est aetas effetaque tellus vix animalia parva creat quae cuncta creavit saecla …" (Lucretius).

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Geographic variation in the age of temperate-zone reptile and amphibian species: Southern Hemisphere species are older

Cited by 20 publications

References 12 publications

Disparity in the timing of vertebrate diversification events between the northern and southern hemispheres

Disparity in the timing of vertebrate diversification events between the northern and southern hemispheres

Biogeographic barriers in south-eastern Australia drive phylogeographic divergence in the garden skink, Lampropholis guichenoti

Is biodiversity aging? Heuristic questions on the taxonomic diversity in the Phanerozoic

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