Geographic Patterns of Incidence of Ischemic Stroke and Acute Myocardial Infarction in Finland During 1991–2003

Havulinna, Aki S.; Pääkkönen, Rauni; Karvonen, Marjatta; Salomaa, Veikko

doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.10.008

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The burden of these diseases is increasing in low-, moderate-, and high-income countries [1,2]. Worldwide, Finland and Japan have the highest and lowest myocardial infarction (MI) incidence rate, respectively [3][4][5]. More than 1/3 of the mortalities in Iran are due to CVD, so it is a serious challenge facing the country's healthcare system [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological pattern of myocardial infarction and modelling risk factors relevant to in-hospital mortality: the first results from the Iranian Myocardial Infarction Registry

Ahmadi

Soori²,

Mehrabi

et al. 2015

Kardiol Pol

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological pattern of myocardial infarction and modelling risk factors relevant to in-hospital mortality: the first results from the Iranian Myocardial Infarction Registry

Ahmadi

Soori²,

Mehrabi

et al. 2015

Kardiol Pol

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“…Despite a steep decline in Finnish North Karelia during recent decades, CVD still accounts for a large part of premature morbidity and deaths [1-3]. In North Karelia, serum cholesterol concentrations were extremely high in the 1970s [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of education level and dairy fat sources to serum cholesterol in Russian and Finnish Karelia: results from four cross-sectional risk factor surveys in 1992–2007

2012

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BackgroundFood habits vary by socio-economic group and geographic area. Data on socio-economic differences in food habits and in serum total cholesterol concentration from Russia are scarce. Our aim was to examine changes and educational differences in serum total cholesterol and in the consumption of major sources of saturated fat in two geographically neighbouring areas, Russian and Finnish Karelia, and to examine whether the foods associated with serum total cholesterol are different in the two areas.MethodsData from cross-sectional risk factor surveys from years 1992, 1997, 2002 and 2007 in the district of Pitkäranta, the Republic of Karelia, Russia (n = 2672), and North Karelia, Finland (n = 5437), were used. The analyses included two phases. 1) To examine the differences in cholesterol by education, the means and 95% confidence intervals for education groups were calculated for each study year. 2) Multivariate linear regression analysis was employed to examine the role of butter in cooking, butter on bread, fat-containing milk and cheese in explaining serum total cholesterol. In these analyses, the data for all four study years were combined.ResultsIn Pitkäranta, serum total cholesterol fluctuated during the study period (1992–2007), whereas in North Karelia cholesterol levels declined consistently. No apparent differences in cholesterol levels by education were observed in Pitkäranta. In North Karelia, cholesterol was lower among subjects in the highest education tertile compared to the lowest education tertile in 1992 and 2002. In Pitkäranta, consumption of fat-containing milk was most strongly associated with cholesterol (β=0.19, 95% CI 0.10, 0.28) adjusted for sex, age, education and study year. In North Karelia, using butter in cooking (β=0.09, 95% CI 0.04, 0.15) and using butter on bread (β=0.09, 95% CI 0.02, 0.15) had a significant positive association with cholesterol.ConclusionsIn the two geographically neighbouring areas, the key foods influencing serum cholesterol levels varied considerably. Assessment and regular monitoring of food habits are essential to plan nutrition education messages that are individually tailored for the target area and time.

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“…Regional differences in cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality have been reported for a number of other countries, including the United Kingdom [32], the United States [19,33], Canada [14], Finland [20], Sweden [10], France [13,16], and across Europe [15]. Some of these studies have sought to simply identify and describe regional differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographical variation in cardiovascular incidence: results from the British Women's Heart and Health Study

et al. 2010

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BackgroundPrevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women shows regional variations not explained by common risk factors. Analysis of CVD incidence will provide insight into whether there is further divergence between regions with increasing age.MethodsSeven-year follow-up data on 2685 women aged 59-80 (mean 69) at baseline from 23 towns in the UK were available from the British Women's Heart and Health Study. Time to fatal or non-fatal CVD was analyzed using Cox regression with adjustment for risk factors, using multiple imputation for missing values.ResultsCompared to South England, CVD incidence is similar in North England (HR 1.05 (95% CI 0.84, 1.31)) and Scotland (0.93 (0.68, 1.27)), but lower in Midlands/Wales (0.85 (0.64, 1.12)). Event severity influenced regional variation, with South England showing lower fatal incident CVD than other regions, but higher non-fatal incident CVD. Kaplan-Meier plots suggested that regional divergence in CVD occurred before baseline (before mean baseline age of 69).ConclusionsIn women, regional differences in CVD early in adult life do not further diverge in later life. This may be due to regional differences in early detection, survivorship of women entering the study, or event severity. Targeting health care resources for CVD by geographic variation may not be appropriate for older age-groups.

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Geographic Patterns of Incidence of Ischemic Stroke and Acute Myocardial Infarction in Finland During 1991–2003

Cited by 30 publications

References 28 publications

Epidemiological pattern of myocardial infarction and modelling risk factors relevant to in-hospital mortality: the first results from the Iranian Myocardial Infarction Registry

Epidemiological pattern of myocardial infarction and modelling risk factors relevant to in-hospital mortality: the first results from the Iranian Myocardial Infarction Registry

Contribution of education level and dairy fat sources to serum cholesterol in Russian and Finnish Karelia: results from four cross-sectional risk factor surveys in 1992–2007

Geographical variation in cardiovascular incidence: results from the British Women's Heart and Health Study

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