Geographic distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype in patients with chronic HBV infection in Japan

Orito, Etsuro; Ichida, Takafumi; Sakugawa, Hiroshi; Sata, Michio; Horiike, Norio; Hino, Keisuke; Okita, Kiwamu; Okanoue, Takeshi; Iino, Shiro; Tanaka, Eiji; Suzuki, Kazuyuki; Watanabe, Hisayoshi; Hige, Shuhei; Mizokami, Masashi

doi:10.1053/jhep.2001.27221

Cited by 391 publications

(401 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The results from this study that the mean age of HCC patients with genotype B was older than those with genotype C is concordant with a previous report from Japan 18 but contradicts the findings in a study from Taiwan, 15 which reported that genotype B was associated with the development of HCC in young Taiwanese patients. This fact suggests different virologic, host, and environmental factors in patients with genotype B between Japan and Taiwan.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…The data of 270 HBsAg carriers reported by Kao et al 15 showed that the distribution of genotypes B and C in all of the 190 HBsAg carriers without HCC was 94 (49.5%) and 60 (31.6%), respectively, and that of the 80 patients with HCC was 49 (61.3%) and 25 (31.3%), respectively. The data of 731 patients with chronic HBV infection described by Orito et al 18 showed that the prevalence of genotypes B and C in 614 patients without HCC was 75 (12.2%) and 510 (83.1%), respectively, and that of 117 HCC patients was 15 (12.8%) and 100 (85.5%), respectively. In both studies, the distribution of genotypes B and C among the HCC patients was nearly the same as that in the non-HCC patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of hepatitis B virus genotypes on the progression of chronic type B liver disease

et al. 2003

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To investigate the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype-related differences in the progression of liver disease, 585 patients with chronic HBV infection including 258 with histologically verified chronic liver disease (CLD) and 74 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were examined. The mean ages of both patients with advanced fibrosis (F3 or F4) and with HCC were significantly older in genotype B than in genotype C patients (P ‫؍‬ .018, P ‫؍‬ .024, respectively). Both the hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) negativity rate at biopsy and the cumulative HBe seroconversion rate in patients with CLD were significantly higher in genotype B patients than genotype C patients (P < .01, P ‫؍‬ .022, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that genotype B, presence of precore mutation, high ALT levels, and severe histologic activity were independent factors for HBe seroconversion. Among all the biopsyproven CLD patients, the ratio of patients with advanced fibrosis in genotype B was significantly lower than that in genotype C (4/30 vs. 74/224, respectively; P ‫؍‬ .034). This difference was more remarkable in younger patients (<45 years; 1/25 vs. 47/180, respectively; P ‫؍‬ .020), and there was no difference in older patients (>45 years). The distribution of each genotype between CLD and HCC was very similar (B and C: 11.2% and 87.0% vs. 10.8% and 89.2%, respectively). In conclusion, our results suggest that, although the patients with genotype B experience earlier HBe seroconversion, slower progression of liver fibrosis, and slower development of HCC, the life-long risk of progression to advanced fibrosis and development of HCC may not differ among genotypes B-and C-related chronic liver disease. (HEPATOLOGY 2003;37:19-26.)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of hepatitis B virus genotypes on the progression of chronic type B liver disease

et al. 2003

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“…However, other authors after various analyses concluded that more important than the genotype would be the determination of the subgenotype in the characterization of the pathogenicity of HBV [43].…”

Section: Clinico-epidemiological Manifestationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B in western Brazilian Amazonia

Victoria¹,

Oliveira²,

Victoria³

et al. 2008

Braz J Infect Dis

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The present study was conducted with 55 patients native from western Brazilian Amazonia, who were HBV-DNA positive after seroconversion of HBeAg. It is a descriptive case study, with the patients separated into two groups: with hepatitis and without hepatitis on histological examination. The aim of the present study was to describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of patients who are chronic carriers of HBsAg. The prevalence of hepatitis was 63.64%, with a predominance of males (41.82%) and a mean age of 42.5 years, occurring mostly in natives of the southeast sub-region (32.73%). Time was a variable proportional to the course of the disease and the most frequent symptoms were: dyspepsia, asthenia and loss of libido with the majority of the patients having history of prior contact with HBV or positive family history. Splenomegalia was the most frequent sign (40%). Among the tests, platelet count, serum albumin and prothrombin activity were significant in the diagnosis of hepatitis. Alphafetoprotein was greater in patients with hepatitis, and hepatocellular carcinoma was detected in 3.63% of the patients with hepatic cirrhosis. Three types of HBV genotypes were diagnosed: A, D and F in the samples amplified for gene S. Genotype A (AA) was observed in 54.54% of the cases with hepatitis, in contrast to other studies showing the predominance of genotype F in this region. We observed mutations in 36.36%, with a predominance of the mutations in the core promoter region (31.81%), due to the greater prevalence of genotype A in this study. Key-Words: HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B, western Brazilian Amazonia, mutations.Western Brazilian Amazonia is considered a region of high endemicity for hepatitis B virus (HBV), where a large part of the population is infected in perinatal period and during infancy. The prevalence of chronic carriers of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) in these areas varies between 5% and 15% and approximately 50% to 95% of the population show serologic evidence of past infection with HBV [1,2,3]. Various factors are implicated in the development and outcome of HBV infection, but the progression to chronic hepatitis is proportionally greater in individuals infected by the vertical route or during the perinatal period [4]. Chronic hepatopathies related to HBV are seen in two forms: HBeAg positive and HBeAg negative. The HBeAg-negative chronic forms are represented by two groups of patients: chronic inactive HBsAg carriers and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. The distinction between these two forms is difficult, particularly in patients with biochemical and intermittent virologic activity. It is estimated that in the world there are approximately 350 million inactive HBsAg carriers, and of these, 7% to 30% are infected with mutant forms of HBV, which despite the presence of anti-HBe antibody continue to be HBV-DNA positive [5]. Chronic HBsAg carriers who show HBeAg-negative/antiHBe-positive serologic status and have serum HBV-DNA detectable by PCR and active hepatic disease characterized by ...

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“…In Japan, HBV/C is the most prevalent, followed by HBV/B, while others are encountered very rarely. Although the frequency of HBV/D was reported to comprise only 0.4% of HBV carriers in Japan [Orito et al, 2001], it was found recently that approximately 10% of the HBV carriers in a small geographical area (Ehime Prefecture) in Western Japan were infected with HBV/D . In this area, an endemic occurrence of infantile papular acrodermatitis (Gianotti-Crosti syndrome), which is known to be related to acute HBV infection [De Gaspari et al, 1970;Gianotti, 1973], emerged in the 1970s, with the subtype (serotype) of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) reported to be ayw in those patients, whereas that of the majority of other HBV carriers in this area are infected with subtype adr [Ishimaru et al, 1976;Toda et al, 1978].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Tracing the history of hepatitis B virus genotype D in western Japan

Michitaka

Tanaka

Horiike

et al. 2005

Journal of Medical Virology

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The major hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in Japan are B and C. HBV genotype D (HBV/D), however, is widespread in a small area of Western Japan, where the Gianotti-Crosti syndrome caused by HBV subtype ayw, which is suspected to be HBV/D, was endemic in the 1970s. The aim of the study was to elucidate its origin, time of transmission, and spread in this area. Genotyping of HBV-DNA was done in 363 patients with HBV infection. The year of birth was checked in patients with HBV/D. The full genome sequences of 20 HBV/D strains, 2 of which were obtained from a single carrier with a 19-yearinterval, were analyzed. An evolutionary rate, the date of the most recent common ancestor, and the effective number of HBV/D infections were calculated. Fifty-two of 363 patients were infected with HBV/D, and 39 were born in 1970s. In a phylogenetic tree, the 20 HBV/D strains produced a definite cluster, and the evolutionary rate was calculated to be 5.4 Â 10 À5 nucleotide substitutions/site/year. The root of the tree was estimated to be in approximately 1,900 and began to spread from the 1940s, leading to a rapid increase of infected patients in the 1970s. From these results, it is suspected that HBV/D was likely transmitted to the area investigated approximately 100 years ago and then spread widely in the 1970s. From the history of the area and the genetic analysis, HBV/ D in this area was speculated to be of Russian origin.

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Geographic distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype in patients with chronic HBV infection in Japan

Cited by 391 publications

References 17 publications

Influence of hepatitis B virus genotypes on the progression of chronic type B liver disease

Influence of hepatitis B virus genotypes on the progression of chronic type B liver disease

Characterization of HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B in western Brazilian Amazonia

Tracing the history of hepatitis B virus genotype D in western Japan

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