Geographic distribution of breast cancer incidence in Iran

Shadmani, Fatemeh Khosravi; Mansori, Kamyar; Khazaei, Salman; Hanis, Shiva Mansouri; Khazaei, Sedigheh; Sani, Mohadeseh; Ayubi, Erfan

doi:10.15419/bmrat.v4i05.168

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(22 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast to the original questionnaire, which is only had been validated in older women (67‐73 years), our instrument was developed among a general women population (older than 18 years old). In addition, this study was carried out on a relatively large sample of the general women in the Isfahan city which is one of the cities located in central of Iran with high incidence rate of breast cancer . We used an advanced statistical method, that is, latent class analysis (LCA) to evaluate the construct validity of the Persian version of BCAM questionnaire.…”

Section: Study Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of the breast cancer awareness measure (BCAM) questionnaire

Heidari

Feizi

2018

Cancer Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/objectiveEnhancing awareness level about breast cancer is a pivotal strategy for reducing breast cancer burden. There is no fully validated Persian instrument for evaluating breast cancer awareness. This study aimed at investigating the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Breast Cancer Awareness Measure (BCAM) questionnaire.MethodsThis methodological cross‐sectional study was conducted among 1078 Persian language women (including 965 general women and 113 medical/clinical experts), which selected from different parts of Isfahan city using multistage cluster random sampling method. Translation of BCAM questionnaire was performed using forward‐backward method. Internal consistency was evaluated through Cronbach's α and test‐retest reliability using unweighted kappa statistic and intraclass correlation (ICC) coefficient. Construct validity was investigated using both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses as well as Latent class analysis (LCA), and discriminant validity using ROC curve. Convergent validity was assessed using phi and eta correlation coefficients. Ceiling and floor effects, SE of measurement (SEM), and smallest detectable change (SDC) were also determined.ResultsPersian version of BCAM showed excellent test‐retest reliability (ICC = 0.841) and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.882). Most of the computed kappa coefficients were in the range moderate to very good (0.47‐0.81). Medical/clinical experts had higher levels of breast cancer awareness than general women, indicating good discriminant validity (Area under the curve [AUC]) of 0.822 (95% CI: 0.781, 0.864). Construct validity evaluation by exploratory factor analysis (EFA) led to extraction of two factors from 11 items (“breast shape changes” and “breast pain and lump”), and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) confirmed the adequacy of extracted construct from EFA. Latent class analysis for evaluating of construct validity led to extracting three classes from participants (high [12.83%], moderate [60.97%], and low [26.2%]) in terms of awareness levels about early warning signs of breast cancer. All item‐scale correlation coefficients exceeded the set value of 0.40, indicating satisfactory convergent validity. No ceiling and floor effects were detected. SEM and SDC were found to be 0.85 and 2.36, respectively.ConclusionsThe Persian version of BCAM is a reliable and valid instrument for monitoring levels of breast cancer awareness in general women population, also it can be used for evaluating the impacts of interventions attempting to raise breast cancer awareness.

show abstract

Section: Study Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of the breast cancer awareness measure (BCAM) questionnaire

Heidari

Feizi

2018

Cancer Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As in Iran, due to the onset of BC at an early age, early warning and screening programs are essential for early diagnosis despite the relatively high levels of survival compared to other cancers [11]. One study indicated that age-standardised incidence rates of BC in Central and Northern provinces of Iran were higher than elsewhere [12]. The present study evaluated some characteristics, including OS and DFS of the early BC patients (stages I and IIA) and correlation between the factors associated with it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic factors influencing prognosis in early breast cancer patients

Najafi

Sadeghi

Abasvandi

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim of the study The present study showed the clinicopathological characteristics and survival of early breast cancer (BC) patients. Material and methods A total of 236 patients were included in the study. The mean follow-up time was 59.5 months (range: 12-204 months). The inclusion criteria consisted of female patients aged > 20 years and early BC patients (stages I and IIA). Results The mean age at diagnosis was 51.2 years (range, 23-83 years), and 55.9% of patients were aged ≥ 50 years. Most patients (92.8%) did not have lymph node metastasis, and luminal B had the highest prevalence (54.2%) in patients. The eight-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 98.3% and 92.3%, respectively. Stage IIA and Ki67 index ≥ 14% were more prevalent in the patients with tumour size of 2 ≤ T ≤ 5 cm compared to another tumour size group and Ki67 index. Conclusions The mean age at diagnosis in this study was in agreement with other studies reported in various areas, but with a higher percentage for elderly patients compared to some previous studies. In addition, the survival rate in the present study was higher than the results of previous studies. Future studies need to investigate these factors in a higher number of patients and in different areas and should select similar stages for early BC.

show abstract

“…Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed female malignancy globally and accounts for about 25% of incident cancer cases among women [182]. In underdeveloped regions such as sub-Saharan Africa, frequency of breast cancer is relatively lower, characterized by aggressive course and targets female of younger age compared to the Western World [183].…”

Section: Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Epstein Barr Virus Associated Lymphomas and Epithelia Cancers in Humans

Ayee¹,

Ofori²,

Wright³

et al. 2020

J. Cancer

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Epstein Barr virus (EBV) is a cosmopolitan oncogenic virus, infecting about 90% of the world's population and it is associated to tumors originating from both epithelia and hematopoietic cells. Transmission of the virus is mainly through oral secretions; however, transmission through organ transplantation and blood transfusion has been reported. In order to evade immune recognition, EBV establishes latent infection in B lymphocytes where it expresses limited sets of proteins called EBV transcription programs (ETPs), including six nuclear antigens (EBNAs), three latent membrane proteins (LMP), and untranslated RNA called EBV encoded RNA (EBER), shown to efficiently transform B cells into lymphoblastic cells. These programs undergo different patterns of expression which determine the occurrence of distinct types of latency in the pathogenesis of a particular tumor. Hematopoietic cell derived tumors include but not limited to Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, and natural killer (NK)/T cell lymphoma. EBV undergoes lytic infection in epithelia cells for amplification of the viral particle for transmission where it expresses lytic stage genes. However, for reasons yet to be unveiled, EBV switches from the expression of lytic stage genes to the expression of ETPs in epithelia cells. The expression of the ETPs lead to the transformation of epithelia cells into permanently proliferating cells, resulting in epithelia cell derived malignancies such as nasopharyngeal cancer, gastric cancer, and breast cancer. In this review, we have summarized the current updates on EBV associated epithelial and B cell-derived malignancies, and the role of EBV latency gene products in the pathogenesis of the cancers, and have suggested areas for future studies when considering therapeutic measures

show abstract

Geographic distribution of breast cancer incidence in Iran

Cited by 12 publications

References 21 publications

Transcultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of the breast cancer awareness measure (BCAM) questionnaire

Transcultural adaptation and validation of the Persian version of the breast cancer awareness measure (BCAM) questionnaire

Prognostic factors influencing prognosis in early breast cancer patients

Epstein Barr Virus Associated Lymphomas and Epithelia Cancers in Humans

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About