Geographic compatibility of the freshwater snail Bulinus globosus and schistosomes from the Zimbabwe highveld

Manning, Samantha; Woolhouse, Mark; Ndamba, J.

doi:10.1016/0020-7519(94)00097-8

Cited by 67 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Complex lifecycle parasites SKJR Auld and MC Tinsley globosus (Manning et al, 1995), consistent with hypothesis (2). Conversely, Prugnolle et al (2006) found no evidence for S. mansoni LA to the snail (Biomphalaria glabrata) in a population where S. mansoni and B. glabrata were found to have similar migration rates.…”

Section: Patterns Of Local Adaptation In Clpssupporting

confidence: 87%

The evolutionary ecology of complex lifecycle parasites: linking phenomena with mechanisms

Auld

Tinsley

2014

Heredity

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Many parasitic infections, including those of humans, are caused by complex lifecycle parasites (CLPs): parasites that sequentially infect different hosts over the course of their lifecycle. CLPs come from a wide range of taxonomic groups-from single-celled bacteria to multicellular flatworms-yet share many common features in their life histories. Theory tells us when CLPs should be favoured by selection, but more empirical studies are required in order to quantify the costs and benefits of having a complex lifecycle, especially in parasites that facultatively vary their lifecycle complexity. In this article, we identify ecological conditions that favour CLPs over their simple lifecycle counterparts and highlight how a complex lifecycle can alter transmission rate and trade-offs between growth and reproduction. We show that CLPs participate in dynamic host-parasite coevolution, as more mobile hosts can fuel CLP adaptation to less mobile hosts. Then, we argue that a more general understanding of the evolutionary ecology of CLPs is essential for the development of effective frameworks to manage the many diseases they cause. More research is needed identifying the genetics of infection mechanisms used by CLPs, particularly into the role of gene duplication and neofunctionalisation in lifecycle evolution. We propose that testing for signatures of selection in infection genes will reveal much about how and when complex lifecycles evolved, and will help quantify complex patterns of coevolution between CLPs and their various hosts. Finally, we emphasise four key areas where new research approaches will provide fertile opportunities to advance this field.

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Section: Patterns Of Local Adaptation In Clpssupporting

confidence: 87%

The evolutionary ecology of complex lifecycle parasites: linking phenomena with mechanisms

Auld

Tinsley

2014

Heredity

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“…The transmission of infectious agents within host populations is influenced by many different sources of heterogeneity ranging from genetic via behavioral factors to spatial factors (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). A consequence of such heterogeneity is the commonly observed aggregated (clumped) distributions of infection and͞or disease within the host population such that a few hosts are rapidly, frequently, or heavily infected, while the majority either evade infection or suffer infrequent or light infections (1,(7)(8)(9)(10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneities in the transmission of infectious agents: Implications for the design of control programs

Woolhouse

Dye²,

Etard³

et al. 1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,034

1,017

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From an analysis of the distributions of measures of transmission rates among hosts, we identify an empirical relationship suggesting that, typically, 20% of the host population contributes at least 80% of the net transmission potential, as measured by the basic reproduction number, R 0 . This is an example of a statistical pattern known as the 20͞80 rule. The rule applies to a variety of disease systems, including vector-borne parasites and sexually transmitted pathogens. The rule implies that control programs targeted at the ''core'' 20% group are potentially highly effective and, conversely, that programs that fail to reach all of this group will be much less effective than expected in reducing levels of infection in the population as a whole.

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“…In studies of plants and their pathogens (Parker 1985(Parker , 1991, plants and herbivores (Mopper et al 1995), snails and their trematode parasites (Lively 1989;Manning et al 1995;Lively and Jokela 1996), fish and their trematodes (Ballabeni and Ward 1993), and Daphnia and their microsporidian parasites (Ebert 1994), the parasites were more infectious to sympatric hosts than to allopatric hosts. In contrast, evidence for local adaptation was not found by Kaltz et al (1999), who studied a fungal parasite (Microbotryum violaceum) of Silene latifolia; by Parker (1989), who studied a fungal parasite of mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum); or by Imhoof and Schmid-Hempel (1998), who studied a trypanosome of bumblebee (Bombus terrestris).…”

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confidence: 99%

Local Adaptation, Resistance, and Virulence in a Hemiparasitic Plant-Host Plant Interaction

et al. 2000

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Abstract. Coevolution may lead to local adaptation of parasites to their sympatric hosts. Locally adapted parasites are, on average, more infectious to sympatric hosts than to allopatric hosts of the same species or their fitness on the sympatric hosts is superior to that on allopatric hosts. We tested local adaptation of a hemiparasitic plant, Rhinanthus serotinus (Scrophulariaceae), to its host plant, the grass Agrostis capillaris. Using a reciprocal cross-infection experiment, we exposed host plants from four sites to hemiparasites originating from the same four sites in a common environment. The parasites were equally able to establish haustorial connections to sympatric and allopatric hosts, and their performance was similar on both host types. Therefore, these results do not indicate local adaptation of the parasites to their sympatric hosts. However, the parasite populations differed in average biomass and number of flowers per plant and in their effect on host biomass. These results indicate that the virulence of the parasite varied among populations, suggesting genetic variation. Theoretical models suggest that local adaptation is likely to be detected if the host and the parasite have different evolutionary potentials, different migration rates, and the parasite is highly virulent. In the interaction between R. serotinus and A. capillaris all the theoretical prerequisites for local adaptation may not be fulfilled.

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Geographic compatibility of the freshwater snail Bulinus globosus and schistosomes from the Zimbabwe highveld

Cited by 67 publications

References 21 publications

The evolutionary ecology of complex lifecycle parasites: linking phenomena with mechanisms

The evolutionary ecology of complex lifecycle parasites: linking phenomena with mechanisms

Heterogeneities in the transmission of infectious agents: Implications for the design of control programs

Local Adaptation, Resistance, and Virulence in a Hemiparasitic Plant-Host Plant Interaction

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