Geographic analysis of earthquake damage in Turkey between 1900 and 2012

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between fatality and magnitude, energy released, time of earthquake occurrence and building damage, and between building damage and magnitude and energy of earthquakes that occurred in Turkey between 1900 and 2012. Patterns of earthquake occurrence and damage are examined across space and time. Ninety-one per cent and eighty-three per cent of the variation in fatality and building damage are accounted for by the energy released from an earthquake, respectively. Building damage explains 85% of the variation in fatality. Seventy-six per cent of the total death toll is a result of the earthquakes that happened between midnight and 5:22 am. There were two significant clusters of earthquakes in Western Turkey between 1955 and 1965 and between 1969 and 1971. Provinces of Erzincan and Kocaeli emerge as hot spots of fatality and building damage. The location of major earthquakes over 112 years tends to parallel the tectonically active areas of Turkey such as the North and East Anatolian Faults and Western Turkey towards the Aegean Sea. Central, central south, extreme north-western, north-eastern and south-eastern Turkey appears to be void of major earthquakes.

GIS-Based Optimum Geospatial Characterization for Seismic Site Effect Assessment in an Inland Urban Area, South Korea

“…The kernel density calculates Getis-Ord statistics for the thickness and average N exp 60 of each geo-layer for local clusters to identify seismic site effect parameters [53]. The Getis-Ord Gi* of the target geostatistical characteristic value in each geo-layer is analyzed to help identify where hotspots (high-value clusters) and cold spots (low-value clusters) in an area are located [44,54].…”

Analytical study on seismic strengthening of existing reinforced concrete buildings by implementation of energy absorbers

“…The major plate in which Türkiye is known as the Anatolian plate as shown in Figure 1. It is bounded by two great strike-slip fault zones, the 550 km-long East Anatolian Fault and the 1500 km-long North Anatolian Fault [2]. The fault as a result of the collision, the Anatolian Plate was formed of the complicated zone between the Eurasian Plate and both the Arabian and African Plates [3].…”

“…Fig. 1 Tectonic map of Türkiye [2] Due to these fault ruptures, more than 800 earthquakes with various magnitudes have occurred in the last 120 years in Türkiye as given in Table 1 according to the obtained data from the Disaster and Emergency Management Presidency Earthquake Department (AFAD). However, after the recent earthquakes in Kahramanmaraş (Mw:7.7 and Mw:7.6) and Hatay (Mw:6.4), Table 1 should be modified with a new number of events which are shown in brackets.…”