Geogenic and Anthropogenic Arsenic Hazard in Groundwaters and Soils

Polya, David A.; Lawson, Michael

doi:10.1002/9781118876992.ch2

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The dominant mobilization mechanisms involve microbially mediated reductive dissolution of host Fe(III) oxyhydroxide minerals and/or reduction of arsenic [ 7 ] in reducing environments, while in general intra-aquifer concentrations may be strongly modified by pH- and competitive anion-dependent reversible sorption processes [ 8 ]. Other common but less widespread sources or mechanisms of arsenic release into aquifers include the oxidation of sulfide minerals and geothermal activity [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Arsenic Distribution in India by Machine Learning Geospatial Modeling

Podgorski

Chakravorty

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Groundwater is a critical resource in India for the supply of drinking water and for irrigation. Its usage is limited not only by its quantity but also by its quality. Among the most important contaminants of groundwater in India is arsenic, which naturally accumulates in some aquifers. In this study we create a random forest model with over 145,000 arsenic concentration measurements and over two dozen predictor variables of surface environmental parameters to produce hazard and exposure maps of the areas and populations potentially exposed to high arsenic concentrations (>10 µg/L) in groundwater. Statistical relationships found between the predictor variables and arsenic measurements are broadly consistent with major geochemical processes known to mobilize arsenic in aquifers. In addition to known high arsenic areas, such as along the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers, we have identified several other areas around the country that have hitherto not been identified as potential arsenic hotspots. Based on recent reported rates of household groundwater use for rural and urban areas, we estimate that between about 18–30 million people in India are currently at risk of high exposure to arsenic through their drinking water supply. The hazard models here can be used to inform prioritization of groundwater quality testing and environmental public health tracking programs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Arsenic Distribution in India by Machine Learning Geospatial Modeling

Podgorski

Chakravorty

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…The natural sources of As contamination in groundwater is often originated from the mobilization of natural deposits in rocks, sediments, soils, and geothermal water . However, As contamination occurs mainly through a variety of anthropogenic activities, such as industry activity, copper smelting, As‐bearing pesticides and herbicide and mining . It is estimated that approximately 150 million people around the world are affected by increasing concentrations of As in drinking water .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prepubertal exposure to low doses of sodium arsenite impairs spermatogenesis and epididymal histophysiology in rats

Medeiros

Samelo

Silva

et al. 2018

Environmental Toxicology

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For the first time, juvenile toxicity of inorganic arsenic (As) was investigated in male rats, focusing on reproductive effects. As is a metalloid naturally occurring in the environment, being the inorganic forms the most toxics. Contaminated drinking water and agricultural products are the main prospectors of intoxication for general population. In the present study, Wistar male rats (21 days old) were distributed into three groups (n = 10/group): control (received vehiclefiltered drinking water), As1 (received AsNaO 2 at 0.01 mg L −1 ) and As2 (received AsNaO 2 at 10 mg L −1 ). The animals were euthanized on PND 53. Testicular damages increased in As1 and As2 compared to control (ie, presence of vacuolization, acidophilic cells, and epithelium degeneration). Testicular interstitium of As1 and As2 presented fluid's increase and intense inflammatory infiltration. In the epididymis there was reduction of sperm amount in the lumen, besides epithelium areas presenting cribriform aspect in As1 and As2, exfoliation of cells in the light (in As1) and vacuoles (in As2). In epididymis interstitium, inflammatory infiltrates were observed in initial segment of As1 and As2. AsNaO 2 changed immunolabeling pattern for androgen receptor in epididymis of As2, although serum testosterone levels was statistically comparable to control. Mass spectrometry revealed higher As concentrations in testis and epididymis of As2 compared to As1 and Control. These results indicate compromise of spermatogenesis and epididymal histophysiology in AsNaO 2 -treated animals, possibly impairing sperm quality and fertility in long-term, even at low levels of exposure. Investigations about the reversibility of reproductive damages are necessary to better understand the mechanisms of As reproductive toxicity. K E Y W O R D Sexperimental study, histopathology, juvenile toxicity, metalloid 1 | INTRODUCTION Arsenic (As) is an element occurring naturally in the environment, chemically classified as metalloid. It can be found under organic and inorganic forms, being the inorganic the most toxic and prevalent in drinking water and aquatic environments. 1,2 The natural sources of As contamination in groundwater is often originated from the mobilization of natural deposits in rocks, sediments, soils, and geothermal water. 3 However, As contamination occurs mainly through a variety of anthropogenic activities, such as industry activity, copper smelting, As-bearing pesticides and herbicide and mining. 4 It is estimated that approximately 150 million people around the world are affected by increasing concentrations of As in drinking water. 5 In this concern, unintentional As exposure of populations from Bangladesh,

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“…Arsenic (As), which originates from either geological or anthropogenic sources (Polya and Lawson 2016 ), is reported to be ubiquitously present in the environment (Bundschuh et al 2012 ; Huda et al 2014 ). Arsenic has been widely recognized as a human carcinogen for over 50 years (Currie 1947 ; Frost 1969 ; Hueper 1967 ; Polya and Middleton 2017 ), and it is especially the case for inorganic arsenic (iAs), which is predominant or important in soil, water, air and some foodstuffs (Bae et al 2017 ; Currier et al 2014 ; Diane et al 2013 ; Molin et al 2015 ; Yáñez et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory study of the association in the United Kingdom between hypertension and inorganic arsenic (iAs) intake from rice and rice products

Polya

2020

Environ Geochem Health

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Hypertension risks arising from chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) are well documented. Consumption of rice is a major iAs exposure route for over 3 billion people; however, there is a lack of epidemiological evidence demonstrating an association of hypertension risks with iAs intake from rice, especially in areas where there is little exposure from drinking water but a growing demand for rice intake. To address this, we conducted an individual-level cross-sectional analysis to quantify the extent to which daily iAs intake from rice and rice products (E-iAs ing,rice ) modifies the association between hypertension risks and previously well-established risk factors. The analysis was based on secondary dietary, sociodemographic and health status data of 598 participants recorded in the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2014-2016. E-iAs ing,rice and five blood pressure endpoints were derived with potential associations explored through generalized linear models. According to the results, a negative but not significant relationship was found between hypertension risks and E-iAs ing,rice after adjusting for major risk factors, notably age, gender, diabetes and obesity, with relatively higher risks being observed for male, middle-aged, overweight, alcohol consumer or Asian or Asian British, Black or Black British and mixed ethnic groups. Though inconclusive and mainly limited by potential incomplete adjustment for major confounders and intrinsic disadvantages of a crosssectional design, this study was the first quantifying the individual level dose-response relationship between E-iAs ing,rice and hypertension risks and is consistent with previous studies on the limited associations of hypertension with low-level arsenic exposure from drinking water. Larger scale cohort studies are indicated to quantify the association but in any event it is likely to be weak.

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Geogenic and Anthropogenic Arsenic Hazard in Groundwaters and Soils

Cited by 9 publications

References 223 publications

Groundwater Arsenic Distribution in India by Machine Learning Geospatial Modeling

Groundwater Arsenic Distribution in India by Machine Learning Geospatial Modeling

Prepubertal exposure to low doses of sodium arsenite impairs spermatogenesis and epididymal histophysiology in rats

Exploratory study of the association in the United Kingdom between hypertension and inorganic arsenic (iAs) intake from rice and rice products

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