Geoepidemiology of Sarcoidosis

Brito-Zerón, Pilar; Kostov, Belchin; Baughman, Robert P.; Ramos‐Casals, Manuel

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-54429-0.00001-x

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…[17][18][19][20] Worldwide, the highest incidence rates of sarcoidosis are reported in Northern Europe and in the United States. [17,21] In the US, the incidence of disease is 2 to 3 times higher in African Americans than in Whites. [19,20] Geographically in the US, the northeastern states have the highest incidence of disease while the western states have the lowest rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Obesity and Sarcoidosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Wambui¹,

Ndili²,

Kearney³

2020

AJIM

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Obesity and Sarcoidosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Wambui¹,

Ndili²,

Kearney³

2020

AJIM

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“…In Southern Europe, estimates are lower than in the North (Fig. 1) [9]. Incidence and prevalence vary even within countries, likely owing to differences in genetics, environmental exposures, or in the way sarcoidosis is detected and diagnosed.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sarcoidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average age at diagnosis is around 50 years. Several studies, but not all, show a bimodal distribution of age primarily related to sex [9]. Even though many studies report a female to male ratio of 1:1, more males than females are diagnosed at 20-45 years old, whereas incidence peaks in females later (at 50-65 years old) [7].…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Sarcoidosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcoidosis: Epidemiology and clinical insights

et al. 2023

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Sarcoidosis is characterized by noncaseating granulomas which form in almost any part of the body, primarily in the lungs and/or thoracic lymph nodes. Environmental exposures in genetically susceptible individuals are believed to cause sarcoidosis. There is variation in incidence and prevalence by region and race. Males and females are almost equally affected, although disease peaks at a later age in females than in males. The heterogeneity of presentation and disease course can make diagnosis and treatment challenging. Diagnosis is suggestive in a patient if one or more of the following is present: radiologic signs of sarcoidosis, evidence of systemic involvement, histologically confirmed noncaseating granulomas, sarcoidosis signs in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and low probability or exclusion of other causes of granulomatous inflammation. No sensitive or specific biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis exist, but there are several that can be used to support clinical decisions, such as serum angiotensin‐converting enzyme levels, human leukocyte antigen types, and CD4 Vα2.3+ T cells in BALF. Corticosteroids remain the mainstay of treatment for symptomatic patients with severely affected or declining organ function. Sarcoidosis is associated with a range of adverse long‐term outcomes and complications, and with great variation in prognosis between populations. New data and technologies have moved sarcoidosis research forward, increasing our understanding of the disease. However, there is still much left to be discovered. The pervading challenge is how to account for patient variability. Future studies should focus on how to optimize current tools and develop new approaches so that treatment and follow‐up can be targeted to individuals with more precision.

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“…Его распространенность среди афро-американцев в 2-7 раз выше, чем среди граждан США другого этнического происхождения, и составляет более 100 случаев на 100 тыс. населения, в скандинавских странах -40-70, а в Корее, Китае, странах Тропической Африки, Австралии и вообще в Южном полушарии он встречается существенно реже, чем в странах Северного полушария, что связывают не только с региональными природными особенностями, но и с отсутствием или слабой интенсивностью осуществления программ по выявлению болезни [41,67,70].…”

Section: к линико-патофизиологические особенности с аркоидозаunclassified

Comparative aetio-epidemiological analysis of lung tuberculosis versus sarcoidosis: classical and new concepts

et al. 2020

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The review presents data on two similar granulomatous inflammatory diseases: tuberculosis and sarcoidosis of the lungs, which together cover about 5% of all pulmonary pathology, albeit occur with different incidence (20 : 1). Despite the established aetiology of tuberculosis, the disease has not disappeared and nowadays has even acquired a new urgency: It is getting out of control due to growing poverty, the comorbidity with HIV infection, increasing cases of drug resistance of Mycobacteria, insufficient effectiveness and the growing costs of its treatment. Against the background of the expansion of anthropogenic influences and other environmental impacts on the immune system, the incidence of lung sarcoidosis is also increasing, while patients are initially often misdiagnosed with tuberculosis, with resulting unjustified anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy, leading to chronization of the disease with frequent relapses and, accordingly, to an increase in disability and mortality rates. In recent years, clinical manifestations of sarcoidosis due to a variety of trigger aetiological factors with adjuvant-like action (from Mycobacteria to xenobiotics) are considered by a number of authors as a variant of autoimmune/autoinflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA). The article emphasizes the similarity of two granulomatous inflammatory diseases and the concept of two variants of the bodys response to similar or even identical aetiological factors within different human reactivity (possibly on a different mosaic/permissive background). In brief the newest data on experimental models of sarcoidosis are reviewed as well as the role of autophagy disorders and opposite macrophageal polarization in tuberculosis versus sarcoidosis. Authors coined the original hypothesis of the possible therapeutic effectiveness of Rapamycin in sarcoidosis and for the first time posed a question of equivocal character of comorbidity between these granulomatoses and COVID-19 infection.

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Geoepidemiology of Sarcoidosis

Cited by 6 publications

References 123 publications

Association Between Obesity and Sarcoidosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Association Between Obesity and Sarcoidosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Sarcoidosis: Epidemiology and clinical insights

Comparative aetio-epidemiological analysis of lung tuberculosis versus sarcoidosis: classical and new concepts

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