Geodynamics
Abstract: The aim of this work is to study the efficiency of combining such methods as: investigation of the natural pulse electromagnetic field of Earth (NIEMFE) and transient electromagnetics (TEM) for the preliminary assessment of the degree of stability of mining fields within the deposits of potassium salts in the Precarpathian area, as well as forecasting the development of deformation processes in the near-surface layer of the geological environment. Methodology. Conducting areal and profile observations using NI… Show more
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Cited by 3 publications
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Geodynamic State of the Transcarpathian Inner Trough Based on the Results of Deformation Monitoring Observations in the Region
Background. The relevance of the research is determined by the gradual increase in local seismicity in the region, which occupies a peculiar geographical location, through which oil, gas and product pipelines pass, and in which critical infrastructure facilities are located that may be affected by the underground natural disaster. It is important to have information on the movements of the upper layers of the Earth's crust, their kinematics and dynamics, which significantly affect the stress-strain state of rocks and the release of energy from geomechanic processes. It is also necessary to investigate the influence of the region's geodynamics on the discharge of the stress-strain state of rocks. Methods. The research methodology is to construct time-dependent crustal displacements and compare velocities and accelerations of crustal movements in the intervals of anomalous modern lateral movements of the Earth's crust. The velocities and accelerations of crustal movements are calculated, the kinematics of movements and seismicity of the region are compared. Correlation analysis of the observed series is applied. To solve the tasks, we used the results of observations of horizontal crustal movements in the Oașh deep-seated fault area using a quartz strain gauge with a base of 24.5 m mounted in the adit of the Korolevo urban-type settlement. The seismic data were obtained using digital seismometers operating at the monitoring geophysical station of the Seismicity Department of the Carpathian region of S.I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Results. The article discusses the geodynamics of the Transcarpathian Inner Trough based on observations of modern lateral movements of the Earth's crust in the Oașh deep-seated fault area, which in 2021 were represented by rock extensions of +12.61x10-7. The physical parameters of geomotion in the region were calculated, the spatiotemporal distribution of local seismicity was established, and the relationship between seismic and geodynamic states in Transcarpathia in 2021 was studied. The variations of displacements of the upper layers of the Earth's crust over the entire period of deformation monitoring observations in Korolevo urban-type settlement (1999–2021) and the temporal distribution of local underground shocks were studied. Conclusions. The analysis of the spatio-temporal distribution of local seismicity and modern lateral movements of the Earth's crust over the entire period of deformation monitoring observations in the Oașh deep-seated fault area has indicated an increase in the seismicity of the region in the intervals of intense crustal movements and the presence of periods of crustal movement fluctuations for 12 years: familiar variable processes (expansion and contraction of rocks, the total magnitude of displacement fluctuations in the region of zero movements) were detected for 2–3 years. The most relevant and important are the periods of 9–10 years following these calm intervals, since during this time earthquakes are recorded and their frequency is also found to be increasing. The intensification of seismicity in the region is observed against the background of general rock extension, which occurs due to the steady age-related crustal movements. At the present stage, the current crustal movements are in a state of rock expansion, and if this trend does not change, an increase in seismicity in the region should be expected.
Geodynamic State of the Transcarpathian Inner Trough Based on the Results of Deformation Monitoring Observations in the Region
Background. The relevance of the research is determined by the gradual increase in local seismicity in the region, which occupies a peculiar geographical location, through which oil, gas and product pipelines pass, and in which critical infrastructure facilities are located that may be affected by the underground natural disaster. It is important to have information on the movements of the upper layers of the Earth's crust, their kinematics and dynamics, which significantly affect the stress-strain state of rocks and the release of energy from geomechanic processes. It is also necessary to investigate the influence of the region's geodynamics on the discharge of the stress-strain state of rocks. Methods. The research methodology is to construct time-dependent crustal displacements and compare velocities and accelerations of crustal movements in the intervals of anomalous modern lateral movements of the Earth's crust. The velocities and accelerations of crustal movements are calculated, the kinematics of movements and seismicity of the region are compared. Correlation analysis of the observed series is applied. To solve the tasks, we used the results of observations of horizontal crustal movements in the Oașh deep-seated fault area using a quartz strain gauge with a base of 24.5 m mounted in the adit of the Korolevo urban-type settlement. The seismic data were obtained using digital seismometers operating at the monitoring geophysical station of the Seismicity Department of the Carpathian region of S.I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Results. The article discusses the geodynamics of the Transcarpathian Inner Trough based on observations of modern lateral movements of the Earth's crust in the Oașh deep-seated fault area, which in 2021 were represented by rock extensions of +12.61x10-7. The physical parameters of geomotion in the region were calculated, the spatiotemporal distribution of local seismicity was established, and the relationship between seismic and geodynamic states in Transcarpathia in 2021 was studied. The variations of displacements of the upper layers of the Earth's crust over the entire period of deformation monitoring observations in Korolevo urban-type settlement (1999–2021) and the temporal distribution of local underground shocks were studied. Conclusions. The analysis of the spatio-temporal distribution of local seismicity and modern lateral movements of the Earth's crust over the entire period of deformation monitoring observations in the Oașh deep-seated fault area has indicated an increase in the seismicity of the region in the intervals of intense crustal movements and the presence of periods of crustal movement fluctuations for 12 years: familiar variable processes (expansion and contraction of rocks, the total magnitude of displacement fluctuations in the region of zero movements) were detected for 2–3 years. The most relevant and important are the periods of 9–10 years following these calm intervals, since during this time earthquakes are recorded and their frequency is also found to be increasing. The intensification of seismicity in the region is observed against the background of general rock extension, which occurs due to the steady age-related crustal movements. At the present stage, the current crustal movements are in a state of rock expansion, and if this trend does not change, an increase in seismicity in the region should be expected.
Monitoring Seismotectonic Processes in the Transcarpathian Inner Trough Based on the Results of Complex Geophysical Observations
The article is devoted to the study of relations between the parameter variations of geophysical fields and the geodynamic state of the Transcarpathian Inner Trough. The research aims at studying the relations between the geodynamic state, observed meteorological parameters, and seismic phenomena in the Transcarpathian Inner Trough. Exploration target: seismotectonic processes in the region based on the results of monitoring geophysical fields. The scope of research includes the spatiotemporal distribution of local seismicity, modern lateral movements of the Earth's crust in the Oaș deep-seated fault area, precipitation parameter variations, water level in the Tysa River in 2019–2020. Research methodology presupposes the use of dynamic characteristics of modern lateral movements of the Earth's crust, spatiotemporal distribution of local earthquakes, observation of precipitation, as well as the comparison of heavy precipitation intervals with periods of seismic intensification. The research uses data obtained in the course of monitoring geophysical observations in the Transcarpathian Inner Trough area, especially at monitoring geophysical stations of the Seismicity Department of the Carpathian region of S.I. Subbotin Institute of Geophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The data on the movements of the Earth's crust have been obtained at "Korolevo" strainmeter station. The results are significant to study the possible occurrence of local seismicity in the region and to settle the issue of seismically hazardous territories, as well as prediction of seismically hazardous phenomena in the future. The research studies the relation between the dynamic characteristics of modern lateral movements of the Earth's crust in the central part of the Transcarpathian Inner Trough and local seismicity in periods of intensive precipitation. The authors studied the relations between precipitation parameter variations and spatiotemporal distribution of local seismicity in 2019–2020. The analysis of spatiotemporal distribution of local seismicity and precipitation parameter variations in 2020 testifies to a high correlation of geophysical data series: increased amounts of precipitation are accompanied by an increased number of registered local earthquakes in the region; the hydrological aspect of seismotectonic processes in the Transcarpathian Inner Trough has been substantiated. In 2020 rock compression could be observed in the Oaș deep-seated fault area.
The purpose of the research is to substantiate the theoretical prerequisites for the interpretation of the geophysical method of the Earth's natural pulsed electromagnetic field (ENPEMF). The justification will be performed by quantifying the stress state of the rock massif, modeling of the obtained analytical dependencies for disturbed massifs. The basis for the interpretation is the coordination of the obtained distributions of intensity with the intensity of the electromagnetic field. The initial data are classical formulas of theoretical mechanics, modified to the conditions of the geological structure of the object of research and long-term research by the method of ENPEMF at the object – Kalush-Golynsky potassium salt deposit in the Pre-Carpathian. The research methodology included the development and presentation of models of the stress-strain state of the mining area, followed by the calculation of specific distributions of stress and analysis of their relationship with the dynamics of ENPEMF for specific areas of regime observations. The results of the research are given in the following sequence: 1) an example of calculating model stresses; 2) practical results of ENPEMF; 3) comparison of theoretical model calculations and real observations' data. Examples of calculations are given for a rock massif including a rectangular-shaped mining operation located in a salt formation. The distribution of stresses is calculated for the 2D model, taking into account the actual physical parameters. The series of graphs shows the change in tension both along the profile and with depth. The model is complicated for a variant of two chambers located at different depths. Observation of ENPEMF is demonstrated for a complex section of rocks. Actual plots of the field intensity with a high degree of correlation correspond to the calculated plots at a certain depth. The complication of the section and the presence of different stages of the postoperative period, which is reflected in the regime observations, leads to the deviation of the form of the graphs from the "ideal-model", but at the qualitative level this form corresponds to the theoretical one. The novelty lies in the development of the principles of quantitative assessment of the stress-strain state of the disturbed rock mass as the basis for the theoretical assessment of the distribution of the natural pulsed electromagnetic field of the Earth. In particular, the identity of the results of practical geophysical observations and computational models of the stress-strain state is demonstrated. The results obtained should be considered as a contribution to the theoretical basis of the quantitative interpretation principles of the geophysical method of ENPEMF. At the same time, the ways of further research for the full implementation of this research area are indicated.
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