Geodynamic mechanism and classification of basins in the Earth system

Ju, Yi‐Hsu; Wang, Guangzeng; Li, Sanzhong; Sun, Ying; Suo, Yanhui; Somerville, Ian D.; Li, Wuyang; He, Bizhu; Zheng, Menglin; Yu, Kun

doi:10.1016/j.gr.2020.08.017

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 165 publications

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“…Figures 7–9 offer further insights into the basement's structure and boundaries, revealing sedimentary thickness ranging from about 200 m near the basement terrane to about 1000 m within the basin. Additionally, the crustal models highlight the presence of magnetized rock units in the basement, particularly intrusive basic rocks associated with crustal extension processes (e.g., Ball, 1980; Ju et al., 2022; Ojo, 1990). These intrusions likely originated because of lithospheric fracture reworking, which generated partial melting in the low‐velocity zone with the fractures allowing the magma to rise into the upper crust and might have turned the basement into an ancient rift zone.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sedimentary basins worldwide are typically classified based on their geometry into foreland, rift valley, and rhombohedral basins, while their kinematics can be categorized as extensional, flexural or strike–slip basins (Ju et al., 2022). Extensional sedimentary basins have been recognized globally, predominantly in the Cenozoic and Mesozoic eras, with prominent occurrences in the Middle East, West China, America, Russia, Africa, and other regions around the world (Ju et al., 2022; Suo et al., 2014). In the Mesozoic era, the fragmentation of Africa's continental crust gave rise to the West and Central Africa Rift Systems (Fairhead, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Middle Niger Basin in Nigeria Has a Rift Origin, as Revealed by the Inversion and Modeling of Gravity and Magnetic Data

Salawu,

Omosanya,

Fournier

2024

Earth and Space Science

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The NW‐SE oriented Middle Niger Basin, which is a Campano‐Maastrichtian inland basin has been the subject of debate among geoscientists regarding its origin and development. This paper aims to unravel the basin's origin and evolution by using high‐resolution magnetic, gravity, and topographical data. The integration of aeromagnetic and gravity data provides a means to assess the influence of igneous intrusions during the basin's evolution. The study presents a new perspective on the origin of the basin, suggesting a rift origin where orthogonal extension played a crucial role in its evolution. The research also investigates the relationship between intrusive rocks and the formation of the basin, finding these rocks are solely located within the basement. The magnetic and gravity maps reveal anomalies associated with intrusive structures within the Precambrian crystalline basement. This is a common feature shared with rifted basins on a global scale.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Middle Niger Basin in Nigeria Has a Rift Origin, as Revealed by the Inversion and Modeling of Gravity and Magnetic Data

Salawu,

Omosanya,

Fournier

2024

Earth and Space Science

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“…Lithospheric extension can cause lithospheric thinning and rift basin formation (Buck, 1991; Ju et al, 2022) and is generally documented through two mechanisms: pure shear (McKenzie, 1978) and simple shear (Wernicke, 1985). The SLB is a typical rift basin (Ren et al, 2002).…”

Section: Data and Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical‐petrological modelling of the crust and upper mantle structure across the North‐South Gravity Lineament in NE China: Insights into the lithospheric thinning mechanism

Zhu,

Deng,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Terra Nova

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The North‐South Gravity Lineament (NSGL), characterized by an abrupt variation in both the Bouguer gravity anomaly and topography, acts as a significant geological boundary in eastern China. The formation of such a lateral feature is believed to be associated with lithospheric thinning. The Songliao Basin (SLB) is considered to mark the centre of the lithospheric thinning in Northeast China, whereas its thinning mechanism remains unclear. Here we perform integrated geophysical‐petrological modelling of the crust and upper mantle structure along a passive‐source seismic profile crossing the NSGL, to understand the thinning mechanism beneath the SLB based on the constructed lithospheric extension and delamination models. Our delamination model identifies the compositional variation across the NSGL and the S‐wave velocity signature dominated by high velocity beneath the SLB, which are compatible with previous geochemical and geophysical results. The multidisciplinary analyses suggest that the lithospheric delamination is a plausible mechanism to account for the thinning to the east of the NSGL. The resulting model also shows that the NSGL is a lithospheric‐scale geophysical and geochemical boundary separating two distinct structural domains. In combination with previous evidence, structural discrepancies across the NSGL can be attributed to the lithospheric delamination driven by the subduction of the Palaeo‐Pacific plate.

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“…Yet tectonic activity molds the basin topography via its control on the distribution and type of faulting and mass-failures, which have been shown to leave characteristic signatures in the morphology of submarine canyons of active continental margins (e.g., Greene et al, 1991;Chiang and Yu, 2006;Micallef et al, 2014;Corradino et al, 2021;Soutter et al, 2021). Moreover, active margins encompass both convergent and strike-slip tectonic domains, and are characterized by variability in sedimentary basin-morphology and sediment generation, transport and dispersal mechanisms (e.g., Ingersoll, 2012;Ju et al, 2020). Although tectonically active margins host over 50% of submarine canyons globally (Harris and Whiteway, 2011), studies of the genesis and evolution of submarine canyons associated with active margins are relatively underrepresented in the scientific literature (Micallef et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tectonic Influence on the Geomorphology of Submarine Canyons: Implications for Deep-Water Sedimentary Systems

Bührig

Colombera²,

Patacci³

et al. 2022

Front. Earth Sci.

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A database-informed metastudy of 294 globally distributed submarine canyons has been conducted with the aim of elucidating the role of tectonic setting on submarine-canyon geomorphology. To achieve this, data from seafloor and subsurface studies derived from 136 peer-reviewed publications and from open-source worldwide bathymetry datasets have been statistically analyzed. In particular, relationships between margin type (active vs. passive) or plate-boundary type (convergent vs. transform vs. complex) have been assessed for key morphometric parameters of submarine canyons, including: streamwise length, maximum and average width and depth, canyon sinuosity, average canyon thalweg gradient, and maximum canyon sidewall steepness. In addition, possible scaling relationships between canyon morphometric parameters and characteristics of the associated terrestrial catchment, continental shelf and slope, and of the broader physiographic setting for canyons along both active and passive margins have been evaluated. The following principal findings arise: 1) overall canyon geomorphology is not markedly different across tectonic settings; 2) slope failure might be more important in passive-margin canyons compared to active ones, possibly due to seismic strengthening in the latter; 3) some aspects of canyon geomorphology scale with attributes of the source-to-sink system and environmental setting, but the strength and sign in scaling might differ between active and passive margins, suggesting that the extent to which canyon geomorphology can be predicted depends on the tectonic setting. Insights from our analysis augment and improve conceptual, experimental and numerical models of slope systems at the scale of individual canyons and source-to-sink systems, and increase our understanding of the complex role played by tectonic setting in shaping deep-water systems.

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Geodynamic mechanism and classification of basins in the Earth system

Cited by 14 publications

References 165 publications

The Middle Niger Basin in Nigeria Has a Rift Origin, as Revealed by the Inversion and Modeling of Gravity and Magnetic Data

The Middle Niger Basin in Nigeria Has a Rift Origin, as Revealed by the Inversion and Modeling of Gravity and Magnetic Data

Geophysical‐petrological modelling of the crust and upper mantle structure across the North‐South Gravity Lineament in NE China: Insights into the lithospheric thinning mechanism

Tectonic Influence on the Geomorphology of Submarine Canyons: Implications for Deep-Water Sedimentary Systems

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