Geodesic acoustic modes in tokamak plasmas with anisotropic distribution and a radial equilibrium electric field

Yue, Ming; Zhou, Deng; Wang, Wenjia

doi:10.1088/2058-6272/aabc5c

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…In general, the MHD/CGL results [85,87,89] show the GAM frequency increasing with the χ (anisotropy) and λ ⊥ parameters. Similar behaviour was obtained from GK theory [86,90], and from an extended fluid model with Grad type evolution equations for the heat flux [89,91]. The effects of plasma anisotropy in combination with toroidal rotation have also been considered [88,92].…”

Section: Anisotropic Plasmas-gam and The Low Frequency (Zonal Flow) I...supporting

confidence: 63%

“…With combined anisotropic pressure and an equilibrium radial electric field it was found that when p was larger than p ⊥ then E r had a stronger effect on the GAM frequency and damping [90]. But, overall, the pressure anisotropy effect on ω GAM and γ c.l.…”

Section: Damping and Amplitudementioning

confidence: 96%

“…The effect of an anisotropic ion distribution on the GAM frequency and damping was also studied by numerically solving the GK equation [90]. As shown in figure 4, the GAM frequency decreases with increasing ion χ −1 = T /T ⊥ , while the damping rate increases.…”

Section: Anisotropic Plasmas-gam and The Low Frequency (Zonal Flow) I...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geodesic acoustic modes in magnetic confinement devices

Smolyakov

Ido

2021

Nucl. Fusion

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Geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) are ubiquitous oscillatory flow phenomena observed in toroidal magnetic confinement fusion plasmas, such as tokamaks and stellarators. They are recognized as the non-stationary branch of the turbulence driven zonal flows which play a critical regulatory role in cross-field turbulent transport. GAMs are supported by the plasma compressibility due to magnetic geodesic curvature—an intrinsic feature of any toroidal confinement device. GAMs impact the plasma confinement via velocity shearing of turbulent eddies, modulation of transport, and by providing additional routes for energy dissipation. GAMs can also be driven by energetic particles (so-called EGAMs) or even pumped by a variety of other mechanisms, both internal and external to the plasma, opening-up possibilities for plasma diagnosis and turbulence control. In recent years there have been major advances in all areas of GAM research: measurements, theory, and numerical simulations. This review assesses the status of these developments and the progress made towards a unified understanding of the GAM behaviour and its role in plasma confinement. The review begins with tutorial-like reviews of the basic concepts and theory, followed by a series of topic orientated sections covering different aspects of the GAM. The approach adopted here is to present and contrast experimental observations alongside the predictions from theory and numerical simulations. The review concludes with a comprehensive summary of the field, highlighting outstanding issues and prospects for future developments.

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Section: Anisotropic Plasmas-gam and The Low Frequency (Zonal Flow) I...supporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Damping and Amplitudementioning

confidence: 96%

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Geodesic acoustic modes in magnetic confinement devices

Smolyakov

Ido

2021

Nucl. Fusion

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“…2012; Gao 2013; Girardo et al. 2014; Ren 2015; Ming, Zhou & Wamg 2018; Conway, Smolyakov & Ido 2022) and numerically (see Biancalani et al. 2014; Novikau et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Geodesic acoustic modes have been largely studied in the literature, both analytically (see Garbet et al 2006;Smolyakov et al 2008;Zonca & Chen 2008;Qiu, Chen & Zonca 2009;Chakrabarti et al 2010;Zhang & Zhou 2010;Hassam & Kleva 2011;Zarzoso et al 2012;Gao 2013;Girardo et al 2014;Ren 2015;Ming, Zhou & Wamg 2018;Conway, Smolyakov & Ido 2022) and numerically (see Biancalani et al 2014;Novikau et al 2017;Grandgirard et al 2019). A key aspect in the linear gyro-kinetic theory of GAMs is the determination of mode frequency and damping rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature anisotropy on the dynamics of geodesic acoustic modes

et al. 2023

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In this work, we revisit the linear gyro-kinetic theory of geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) and derive a general dispersion relation for an arbitrary equilibrium distribution function of ions. A bi-Maxwellian distribution of ions is then used to study the effects of ion temperature anisotropy on GAM frequency and growth rate. We find that ion temperature anisotropy yields sensible modifications to both the GAM frequency and growth rate as both tend to increase with anisotropy and these results are strongly affected by the electron to ion temperature ratio.

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Anomalous transport driven by ion temperature gradient instability in an anisotropic deuterium-tritium plasma

Zhang¹,

Yu²,

Xue³

et al. 2022

Plasma Sci. Technol.

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In the nowadays and future fusion devices such as ITER and CFETR, as the use of various heating schemes, the parallel and perpendicular temperature of plasmas can be different; this temperature anisotropy may have significant effects on the turbulence. In this work, the anomalous transport driven by the ion temperature gradient instability is investigated in an anisotropic deuterium-tritium (D-T) plasma. The anisotropic factor $\alpha$, defined as the ratio of perpendicular temperature to parallel temperature, is introduced to describe the temperature anisotropy in the equilibrium distribution function of D. The linear dispersion relation in local kinetic limit is derived, and then numerically evaluated to study the dependence of mode frequency on the anisotropic factor $\alpha$ and the proportion for T particle $\vareT$ by choosing three sets of typical parameters, denoted as the cyclone base case (CBC), ITER and CFETR cases. Based on the linear results, the mixing length model approximation is adopted to analyze the quasi-linear particle and energy fluxes for D and T. It is found that choosing small $\alpha$ and large $\vareT$ is beneficial for the confinement of particle and energy for D and T. This work may be helpful for the estimation of turbulent transport level in the ITER and CFETR devices.

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Geodesic acoustic modes in tokamak plasmas with anisotropic distribution and a radial equilibrium electric field

Cited by 3 publications

References 30 publications

Geodesic acoustic modes in magnetic confinement devices

Geodesic acoustic modes in magnetic confinement devices

Effect of temperature anisotropy on the dynamics of geodesic acoustic modes

Anomalous transport driven by ion temperature gradient instability in an anisotropic deuterium-tritium plasma

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