Geochronology of Precambrian basement rocks from Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria

Grant, Norman K.

doi:10.1016/0012-821x(70)90061-0

Cited by 99 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Nigeria is underlain by Precambrian rocks within the Benin-Nigeria Shield (of the Dahomeyan Terrane) that separates the Archaean to Mesoproterozoic West African and Congo Cratons to the west and east of Nigeria respectively (Grant, 1967(Grant, , 1969Odeyemi, 1981;Black, 1980;Ajibade et al, 1987;Ajibade and Wright, 1989;Obaje, 2009). The…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Western Terrane comprises three major lithological units -migmatitic gneisses, supracrustal/schist belts and Pan-African plutonic rocks (Russ, 1957;Hockey et al, 1963;Truswell and Cope, 1963;Jones and Hockey, 1964;Dempster, 1966;Grant, 1969;Odeyemi, 1981;Fitches et al, 1985;Ferré et al, 1996;Odigi, 2002;Ajibade et al, 2008). The migmatitic gneisses are lithologically similar to the ubiquitous 'grey gneisses' of many…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating high zircon concentrations in the fine fraction of stream sediments draining the Pan-African Dahomeyan Terrane in Nigeria

Johnson

Horstwood²,

Lapworth

et al. 2012

Applied Geochemistry

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Sixteen hundred stream sediments (<150 μm fraction) collected during regional geochemical surveys in central and SW Nigeria have high median and maximum concentrations of Zr that exceed corresponding Zr concentrations found in stream sediments collected from elsewhere in the World with similar bedrock geology. X-ray diffraction studies on a sub-set of the analysed stream sediments showed that Zr is predominantly found in detrital zircon grains. However, the main proximal source rocks (Pan-African 'Older Granites' of Nigeria and their Proterozoic migmatitic gneiss country rocks) are not enriched in zircon (or Zr). Nevertheless, U-Pb LA-ICP-MS dating with cathodoluminescence imaging on detrital zircons, both from stream sediment samples and underlying Pan-African 'Older Granites' confirms a local bedrock source for the stream sediment zircons. A combination of tropical/chemical weathering and continuous physical weathering, both by 'wet season' flash flooding and 'dry season' unidirectional winds are interpreted to have effectively broken down bedrock silicate minerals and removed much of the resultant clay phases, thereby increasing the Zr contents in stream sediments. The strong correlation between winnowing index (Th/Al) and Zr concentration across the study area support this interpretation. Therefore, 'anomalous' high values of Zr, as well as other elements concentrated in resistant 'heavy' minerals in Nigeria's streams may not reflect proximal bedrock concentrations of these elements. This conclusion has important implications for using stream sediment chemistry as an exploration tool in Nigeria for primary metal deposits associated with heavy minerals.

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Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating high zircon concentrations in the fine fraction of stream sediments draining the Pan-African Dahomeyan Terrane in Nigeria

Johnson

Horstwood²,

Lapworth

et al. 2012

Applied Geochemistry

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“…The lithological variations of the schist belts include coarse to fine grained clastics, pelitics schists, phyllites, banded iron formation, carbonate rocks (marbles/dolomitic marbles) and mafic metavolcanics (amphibolites). References [2] and [3], based on structural and lithological associations; suggest that there are different ages of sediments. However, [4] disagree with this conclusion and show that both series contained identical deformational histories.…”

Section: Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Geological Exploration of Marble Deposits in Toto Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Moumouni¹,

Goki²,

Chaanda³

2016

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“…The Basement complex terrain is granitic, comprising of the metamorphic rocks (gneissmigmatites, schist and granites associated with amphibolites, charnockites, diorites and serpentinites) [3]. The Younger Granite terrain is also granitic in composition and is centered in north central Nigeria.…”

Section: Trace Element Distribution In the Nigerian Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Excellent examples are areas around the Ikorodo industrial estate in Lagos (Cd = 0.2-2.10ppm); Cu = (28-153ppm); Pb = (20-148ppm) and Zn = (61-1133ppm) [3] and Lagos Lagoon (Cd = 3.7ppm; Pb =214.6ppm; Zn =9-36.6ppm; As =28ppm; Sb =11ppm and Te =6ppm) [17] where the concentrations of these elements are visibly high.…”

Section: Trace Elements Concentrations In Urban Centresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace Elements and Health: An Environmental Risk in Nigeria

Lar¹

2013

EARTH

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Abstract:The concentration levels of trace elements in drinking water and food pose potential health risks to man and therefore require great attention. Studies on iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) indicate goiter prevalence in areas underlain by metamorphic Basement and Younger Granite rocks and its near absence in the sedimentary terrains. There are cases of dental fluorosis resulting from the excessive ingestion of fluoride in both children and adults living in both the crystalline and sedimentary terrains in Nigeria with none reported from the coastal areas. Mining/mineral processing predisposes these trace elements to weathering whereby they are released into the environment in the soil and water bodies. The incidence of abnormally high natural radiation (radon gas) associated with most rocks and the exceptionally higher natural radiation associated with cassiterite mill tailings of the Jos Plateau, north central Nigeria, is a source of worry. Epidemiological records have indicated the increasing rate of lung cancer prevalence on the Jos Plateau and studies carried out elsewhere in Europe have linked about 13% of deaths associated with lung cancer to exposure to natural radiation. Preliminary hydrogeochemical study indicates high concentrations of potentially harmful elements (PHE) (Pb, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg, V, Co, Cr, Ni, etc.) in the soils and water bodies in the crystalline and inland sedimentary terrains especially close to sulfide mineralization. In addition, high levels of these elements from anthropogenic sources have also been reported in soils and water in most mining/mineral processing sites and urban centres. The knowledge of the relationships between trace elements and human health issues is at its infancy in Nigeria. To adequately understand these relationships, there is need for geoscientists to intensify research on trace elements in the environment and together with professionals in community health so as to identify health issues arising from trace elements in the environment.

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Geochronology of Precambrian basement rocks from Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria

Cited by 99 publications

References 2 publications

Investigating high zircon concentrations in the fine fraction of stream sediments draining the Pan-African Dahomeyan Terrane in Nigeria

Investigating high zircon concentrations in the fine fraction of stream sediments draining the Pan-African Dahomeyan Terrane in Nigeria

Geological Exploration of Marble Deposits in Toto Area, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Trace Elements and Health: An Environmental Risk in Nigeria

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