Geochronologic and Hf-isotope framework of Proterozoic rocks from central New Mexico, USA: Formation of the Mazatzal crustal province in an extended continental margin arc

Holland, Mark E.; Grambling, Tyler A.; Karlstrom, Karl E.; Jones, James V.; Nagotko, Kimberly; Daniel, Christopher G.

doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2020.105820

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Here, the footwall exposes the ca. 1400 Ma Sandia granite (zircon U-Pb ages: 1437 ± 47 Ma [Steiger and Wasserburg, 1966]; 1453 ± 12 Ma [Holland et al, 2020]), which shares a similar rich and protracted tectonic history with most basement rocks in New Mexico (Kelley, 1977;Karlstrom et al, 1999a;Holland et al, 2020). The granite was emplaced into Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rocks of the Manzano Group, where the oldest units are dated between ca.…”

Section: ■ Background Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The granite was emplaced into Paleoproterozoic metamorphic rocks of the Manzano Group, where the oldest units are dated between ca. 1680 and 1660 Ma, which is part of the Mazatzal tectonic province (Kirby et al, 1995;Karlstrom et al, 2004;Holland et al, 2020). The Sandia granite and basement units collectively record regional tectonism of the Grenville orogeny (ca.…”

Section: ■ Background Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Precambrian basement in the Sandia Mountains is cut by numerous faults that record middle-to upper-crustal deformation over the last ~1700 m.y. (Kelley and Northrop, 1975;Karlstrom et al, 1999a;Holland et al, 2020). Generally, NE-trending structures are interpreted to have originated in the Paleoproterozoic, reactivated during the Mesoproterozoic, influenced the geometry of Laramide structures, and acted as major transfer systems during Miocene Rio Grande rift extension (Abbott and Goodwin, 1995;Karlstrom et al, 1999a).…”

Section: ■ Background Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We considered five different formation ages: 1400, 700, 300, 75, and 33 Ma, corresponding to possible hematite mineralization at ca. 1400 Ma associated with the emplacement of the Sandia granite (Kirby et al, 1995;Holland et al, 2020), at ca. 700 Ma similar to hematite mineralization in granitic basement in Colorado (Jensen et al, 2018), at ca.…”

Section: ■ Thermal History Modeling Forward Model Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismicity recorded in hematite fault mirrors in the Rio Grande rift

et al. 2021

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Exhumed fault rocks provide a textural and chemical record of how fault zone composition and architecture control coseismic temperature rise and earthquake mechanics. We integrated field, microstructural, and hematite (U-Th)/He (He) thermochronometry analyses of exhumed minor (square-centimeter-scale surface area) hematite fault mirrors that crosscut the ca. 1400 Ma Sandia granite in two localities along the eastern flank of the central Rio Grande rift, New Mexico. We used these data to characterize fault slip textures; evaluate relationships among fault zone composition, thickness, and inferred magnitude of friction-generated heat; and document the timing of fault slip. Hematite fault mirrors are collocated with and crosscut specular hematite veins and hematite-cemented cataclasite. Observed fault mirror microstructures reflect fault reactivation and strain localization within the comparatively weaker hematite relative to the granite. The fault mirror volume of some slip surfaces exhibits polygonal, sintered hematite nanoparticles likely created during coseismic temperature rise. Individual fault mirror hematite He dates range from ca. 97 to 5 Ma, and ~80% of dates from fault mirror volume aliquots with high-temperature crystal morphologies are ca. 25–10 Ma. These aliquots have grain-size–dependent closure temperatures of ~75–108 °C. A new mean apatite He date of 13.6 ± 2.6 Ma from the Sandia granite is consistent with prior low-temperature thermochronometry data and reflects rapid, Miocene rift flank exhumation. Comparisons of thermal history models and hematite He data patterns, together with field and microstructural observations, indicate that seismicity along the fault mirrors at ~2–4 km depth was coeval with rift flank exhumation. The prevalence and distribution of high-temperature hematite grain morphologies on different slip surfaces correspond with thinner deforming zones and higher proportions of quartz and feldspar derived from the granite that impacted the bulk strength of the deforming zone. Thus, these exhumed fault mirrors illustrate how evolving fault material properties reflect but also govern coseismic temperature rise and associated dynamic weakening mechanisms on minor faults at the upper end of the seismogenic zone.

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Section: ■ Background Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Background Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Background Geologic Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Thermal History Modeling Forward Model Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seismicity recorded in hematite fault mirrors in the Rio Grande rift

et al. 2021

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“…The Zuni segment of the Transcontinental Arch shed ca. 1.4 and 1.66 Ga detritus from central New Mexico (Holland et al., 2020) and the FMIC remained the dominant Cambrian source until drowning beneath the Bliss Formation due to thermal subsidence by ca. 505 Ma (Figure 4c).…”

Section: Analysis and Tectonic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source‐to‐sink tandem geochronology reveals tectonic influences on the Cambrian Transcontinental Arch of Laurentia

Holland,

Mohr,

Schmitz

et al. 2023

Terra Nova

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Competing hypotheses attribute the regional loss of 1.2–1.0 Ga detrital zircon from the Cambrian Sauk Sequence in southwestern North America to differing tectonic controls on surface topography. We test three hypotheses with source‐to‐sink detrital zircon provenance analysis via tandem in situ and isotope dilution U–Pb geochronology paired with geochemical and Hf‐isotope tracers. Our data indicate that the lower‐to‐middle Sixtymile Formation in Grand Canyon was derived from ca. 1.1 Ga rocks of the Llano Uplift and the ca. 539–523 Ma Wichita igneous province, approximately 1400 km away. In contrast, new U–Pb geochronology links the upper Sixtymile and Tapeats formations to the 513–510 Ma Florida Mountains intrusive complex, southern New Mexico, and proximal 1.4 and 1.7 Ga basement approximately 650 km away. We attribute a regional provenance shift to plume–lithosphere interactions on the Iapetan margin, tectonism along ‘leaky’ intracratonic transverse fault zones and the rift‐to‐drift transition on the Cordilleran margin.

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