Geochemistry of Telichian (Silurian) K-bentonites in Estonia and Latvia

Kiipli, Tarmo; Соэсоо, Алвар; Kallaste, Toivo; Kiipli, Enli

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2007.11.005

Cited by 27 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The S-O aquifer system in Estonia consists of different carbonate rocks, mainly limestones, dolomites, and marlstones with more clayey interlayers, including clayrich altered volcanic ash beds-K-bentonites (Nestor and Einasto, 1997;Hints et al, 2008;Kiipli et al, 2008;Somelar et al, 2010). Leaching of the host rocks is considered to be the major natural source of F -and B in groundwater; therefore, chemical composition of aquifer forming rocks has been examined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of boron and fluoride sources in groundwater: Batch dissolution of carbonate rocks in water

Uppin

Karro

2013

Geochem. J.

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High natural fluoride (up to 6.1 mg/l) and boron (up to 2.1 mg/l) concentrations in groundwater are recorded in western Estonia, where a carbonaceous Silurian-Ordovician aquifer system is the main source of drinking water. The aim of this study is to examine the dissolution of boron and fluoride from different carbonate rocks using batch dissolution tests. The total boron and fluorine concentration within carbonate rocks varies between 100-1000 and 5-150 mg/kg, respectively. Generally, boron and fluoride concentrations increase as the amount of terrigenous material in the rock increases. Laboratory leaching experiments showed that the amount of leached boron and fluoride was proportional to the content of these elements in the rock samples. Further, boron and fluoride concentrations in leachates were positively correlated with the amount of terrigenous material in rocks. Both boron and fluoride concentrations in leachates continually rose over 49 days of leaching. Long-term water-rock interaction is responsible for the high boron and fluoride contents in groundwater of western Estonia.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An exception is the basal part of the Ordovician sequence, which contains terrigenous sediments-silty and clayey sandstones and graptolite argillites. Several clay-rich altered volcanic ash beds-K-bentonites-are also recorded in the Silurian and Ordovician stratigraphic record (Hints et al, 2008;Kiipli et al, 2008;Somelar et al, 2010).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 98%

Determination of boron and fluoride sources in groundwater: Batch dissolution of carbonate rocks in water

Uppin

Karro

2013

Geochem. J.

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“…Lateral bentonite thickness variations have been used to infer paleowind directions in other studies of bentonites (e.g. Elder, 1988;Kiipli et al, 2008), although these are likely to be of limited use in this instance because of postdepositional Variscan deformation, particularly within the Ardenne Allochthon (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Possible Locations Of the Source Volcanoesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry and origin of Carboniferous (Mississippian; Viséan) bentonites in the Namur-Dinant Basin, Belgium: evidence for a Variscan volcanic source

Pointon¹,

Chew²,

Delcambre³

et al. 2018

Geol. Belg.

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ABSTRACT. Several thin clay-rich horizons occur interbedded with Mississippian (Viséan) limestones in the Namur-Dinant Basin, southern Belgium. These have been interpreted as diagenetically altered volcanic ash layers (bentonites). Whole-rock geochemical analysis of several bentonites was undertaken to provide insight into their original magmatic composition. Ratios of several trace elements that are considered to be immobile during diagenetic alteration and indicators of petrogenetic processes suggest that most of the bentonites were originally trachyandesitic to trachytic ashes. Furthermore, the coarse grain size of euhedral zircon phenocrysts (up to 400 µm in length) suggests a proximal volcanic source. Zircon U-Pb isotopic ages and wholerock geochemical data from these bentonites were compared with literature data from volcanic and intrusive rocks in adjacent areas, and suggest that the bentonites were sourced from volcanoes within the Variscan orogenic belt.KEYWORDS: altered volcanic ash, cinerite, whole-rock geochemistry, trace element geochemistry, X-ray diffraction analysis.http://dx

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“…Bentonite names and ID numbers used herein are from . The same ID numbers and names were used also in Kiipli et al (2007aKiipli et al ( , 2007c.…”

Section: Stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of immobile trace elements for the correlation of Telychian bentonites on Saaremaa Island, Estonia, and mapping of volcanic ash clouds

Kiipli¹,

Orlova²,

Kiipli³

et al. 2008

Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences

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Thirty suspected altered volcanic ash (bentonite) samples from the Nässumaa-825 and Orissaare-859 sections were analysed by the X-ray fluorescence method. Twenty of these samples revealed chemical signs of pure volcanogenic material, one was of mixed terrigenous-volcanogenic origin, and nine were classified as terrigenous claystones. Twenty of the bentonites were correlated, with variable confidence, with bentonites from earlier studied sections; one sample represents a formerly unknown eruption. New and earlier published bentonite correlations were used for tracing the diachronous nature of the Rumba-Velise formations boundary and for composing new isopach schemes of six Telychian bentonites.

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Geochemistry of Telichian (Silurian) K-bentonites in Estonia and Latvia

Cited by 27 publications

References 22 publications

Determination of boron and fluoride sources in groundwater: Batch dissolution of carbonate rocks in water

Determination of boron and fluoride sources in groundwater: Batch dissolution of carbonate rocks in water

Geochemistry and origin of Carboniferous (Mississippian; Viséan) bentonites in the Namur-Dinant Basin, Belgium: evidence for a Variscan volcanic source

Use of immobile trace elements for the correlation of Telychian bentonites on Saaremaa Island, Estonia, and mapping of volcanic ash clouds

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