Geochemistry of geothermal fluids in the Zhangjiakou-Penglai Fault Zone, North China: Implications for structural segmentation

Su, Shujuan; Liu, Ying; Chen, Zhi; Chen, Qifeng; Liu, Zhaofei; Lu, Chang; Hu, Le

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2022.105218

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, the boundary effect of the southern section of the XJF is seen to be weakening. Spatial discrepancies in the reservoir temperature are related to stress levels, crustal thickness, fracture and cutting depth of faults, the activity level of faults, and the temperature of deep heat sources (Su et al., 2022). The spatial correlation between the dilatational strain rate and the reservoir temperature field (Figures 7c and 7d) further supports the strong relationship between the hydrochemistry of thermal water and regional strain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs and Insights Into the Intersection Between the Xiaojiang Fault and the Red River Fault, Southeastern Tibet Plateau

Shao,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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During the ongoing uplift and expansion of the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, the front edge of the Sichuan‐Yunnan rhombic block (SYB) has experienced intense tectonic activity and frequent seismicity. In this study, the fluid geochemistry in the primary active faults at the front edge of the SYB was investigated, with the aim of understanding the tectonic activity and intersection relationship between the Xiaojiang fault (XJF) and the Red River fault (RRF). Thermal spring water and gases exhibit a coupled spatial distribution relationship; relatively high ion concentrations and 3He/4He ratios (Rc/Ra ratios of 0.21 to 0.62Ra) are observed along the RRF, Qujiang fault (QJF), and Shiping‐Jianshui fault (SJF). Multidisciplinary research results have indicated that mantle‐derived intrusion has been detected in the crust beneath the QJF and SJF. The current tectonic activity in the front edge of the SYB remains intense, with compressive stresses shifting toward the western side of the XJF and accumulating on the QJF and SJF. This has led to the development of fractures, enhancing the water–rock interaction and deep‐derived gas degassing along the faults. The unmixing characteristics of fluids at the intersection area of these two faults suggest the absence of conduits for fluid migration between the faults. Owing to the lower gas 3He/4He ratios, lower shear strain rates, stable reservoir temperature field, and extremely low historical seismicity in the Indo‐Chinese block, it is speculated that the current movement of the XJF may not cut through the RRF and continue southward.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs and Insights Into the Intersection Between the Xiaojiang Fault and the Red River Fault, Southeastern Tibet Plateau

Shao,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

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“…The ratio of ion molar concentrations in groundwater is often used to discriminate the source of dissolved ionic minerals in the water samples (Su et al, 2022). γCl/γNa+K ratios of most waters fall below 1:1 ratio line (Figure 6A), implying that cation exchange and weathering of silicates (NaAlSi 3 O 8 +8H 2 O→Na + +Al(OH) 4 +3H 4 SiO 4 ) may be significant processes along the JJ2 (Xiao et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2023b).…”

Section: Petrographic Compositions Involved In Dissolution and Hydrau...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotopes and hydrogeochemical evolutions of groundwater from a typical seismic fault zone in the Mt. Lushan region, Eastern China

Bao,

Hu,

Xiao

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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We analyzed the major chemical components, hydrogen (δD) and oxygen isotopes (δ18O), and tritium activity in groundwater from Jiujiang well number 2 (JJ2) as well as atmospheric precipitation and water from the Maweishui spring and Tianhuajing reservoir in the Mt. Lushan region, Eastern China. The results show that the water in JJ2 is of the HCO3-Ca·Mg type, with ionic components mainly arising from calcite and dolomite mineral dissolution. According to the δD and δ18O data, the groundwater of JJ2 mainly comes from atmospheric precipitation, and the recharge elevation is 554 m. Results for tritium activity indicate that JJ2 is fed by both an ancient water supply and a new water supply within a period of 10 years. These results demonstrate that JJ2 has characteristics of both shallow and deep circulating water, which implies that aquifers involving two different recharge sources rise to the well surface via different circulation paths. That is exactly why JJ2 is tectonically sensitive and could display a remarkable gas radon anomaly before the Ruichang-Yangxin ML 5.0 earthquake in 2011. Our results also indicate that ascertaining the hydrological characteristics and cycling process of groundwater are crucial for understanding the earthquake anomalies and judging whether a seismic groundwater monitoring well is reliable or not.

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“…Produced waters in geothermal fields are divided into three chemical kinds: HCO3-CaMg, HCO3-Na, and SO4Cl-Na. On another hand, according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) between 1987 & 1999, chemicals could be applied throughout drilling and processing to decrease solid deposit on instruments and casings [5,6]. In addition, the quantity and quality of the water can vary widely, and in certain circumstances, the water itself may be a beneficial product or possibly a marketable good.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods of Treating Produced Water During Oil and Gas Production Processes

Al-Rubaye,

Jasim,

Jassam

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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In generally, the total volume of produced water, also known as water cut, varies from well to well, as well as based on the type of reservoir, whether it is a gas or oil reservoir, as well as the characteristics of the reservoir rocks, including permeability. Based on the type of reservoir (oil or gas), where it is located of the field, the geologic formation, and the type of hydrocarbons product being produced, the physical and chemical characteristics of produced water, such as hardness, PH, total suspended solids, conductivity, alkalinity, total dissolved solids, and chloride, vary significantly. Oil and gas extraction produces water that is considered as wastewater and requires expensive control. There are three fundamental approaches for avoiding or reducing the damage and pollution caused by water. These include employing inside-the-reservoir ways to limit generated water, applying contemporary methods of treatment and making this water harmless, and re-injecting the water into the reservoir. On another hand, Between 1987 and 1999, chemicals might be used during drilling and processing to reduce solid deposit on equipment and casings, according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This study aims to provide a quick overview of produced water issues and treatment solutions applied during the oil and gas production processes.

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Geochemistry of geothermal fluids in the Zhangjiakou-Penglai Fault Zone, North China: Implications for structural segmentation

Cited by 9 publications

References 50 publications

Geochemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs and Insights Into the Intersection Between the Xiaojiang Fault and the Red River Fault, Southeastern Tibet Plateau

Geochemical Characteristics of Thermal Springs and Insights Into the Intersection Between the Xiaojiang Fault and the Red River Fault, Southeastern Tibet Plateau

Stable isotopes and hydrogeochemical evolutions of groundwater from a typical seismic fault zone in the Mt. Lushan region, Eastern China

Methods of Treating Produced Water During Oil and Gas Production Processes

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