Geochemistry of cryoconite and soils in the Central Caucasus region and its environmental implications

Kushnov, Ivan; Abakumov, Evgeny; Tembotov, Rustam; Polyakov, Vyacheslav

doi:10.1007/s11629-021-6945-6

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…The Caucasus mountains region demonstrated unusually high dispersion of richness between local glaciers, with Skhelda glacier having the highest number of ASVs among all samples. One of the reasons could be that Garabashi, along with other glaciers from this study, is an open-type glacier, while Skhelda is debris-covered 35 , which may have led to the increased level of diversity due to the uptake of the microbiome from incoming deposit materials. Another explanation of this phenomenon could be that heterotrophic communities of cryoconites tend to be more diverse than autotrophic 9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…As an exception, the samples from Pimpirev Glacier were divided into two isolated sites (PAG/PAGOr), because two of the four plots carried cryoconite material of ornithogenic origin, which related to the fact that skua colonies were located on the nunatak directly above this part of the glacier. Additional information about the plots' characteristics was described previously 33 – 35 . Thus, when processing the data, all pots were divided into six sites isolated from each other.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The contents of primary macro- and microelements were determined for each sample in one to four replicates, depending on the availability of the substrate. More detailed information on determining chemical characteristics was described earlier 35 . Significant differences in chemical parameters between sites were accessed by ANOVA with Tukey’s HSD test 39 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking the composition of cryoconite prokaryotic communities in the Arctic, Antarctic, and Central Caucasus with their chemical characteristics

Gladkov,

Kimeklis,

Tembotov

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Cryoconites are the deposits on the surface of glaciers that create specific ecological niches for the development of microorganism communities. The sediment material can vary in origin, structure, and nutrient content, creating local variations in the growth conditions. An additional factor of variability is the location of the glaciers, as they are found in different climatic zones in the high mountain regions and closer to the poles. Here, using the analysis of amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, we studied the taxonomic composition of the prokaryotic communities from glaciers from remote regions, including the Arctic (Mushketova on the Severnaya Zemlya, IGAN in Polar Ural), Antarctic (Pimpirev on the Livingstone Island) and Central Caucasus (Skhelda and Garabashi) and connected it with the variation of the physicochemical characteristics of the substrate: pH, carbon, nitrogen, macro- and microelements. The cryoconite microbiomes were comprised of specific for this environment phyla (mostly Pseudomonadota, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidota, Acidobacteriota, and Actinobacteriota), but each glacier had a unique taxonomic imprint. The core microbiome between regions was composed of only a few ASVs, among which the most likely globally distributed ones attributed to Polaromonas sp., Rhodoferax sp., Cryobacterium sp., and Hymenobacter frigidus. The WGSNA defined clusters of co-occurring ASVs between microbiomes, that significantly change their abundance corresponding with the variation of chemical parameters of cryoconites, but do not fully coincide with their regional separation. Thus, our work demonstrates that the chemical characteristics of the sediment material can explain the variation in the cryoconite prokaryotic community which is not always linked to geographic isolation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking the composition of cryoconite prokaryotic communities in the Arctic, Antarctic, and Central Caucasus with their chemical characteristics

Gladkov,

Kimeklis,

Tembotov

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…Babia Góra (Poland) Łyszczarz et al 104 − 1.59 0.20 − 1.59 − 3.47 – − 5.68 – – Central Caucasus region Kushnov et al 105 − 0.30 − 6.97 0.84 0.14 − 1.25 – – – Location Author(s) EF Pb Cd Zn Cu Ni Cr Hg As Mountain beech forests across Europe Štrbac et al 103 0.31–20.30 212.21–1291.71 1.14–6.95 4.36–15.41 1.33–15.16 0.59–5.28 201.57–5070.19 0.01–32.69 Tatra Mts (Poland) Korzeniowska and Krąż 98 3.9 4.1 1.2 0.4 0.3 1.7 – – Gorce Mts. (Poland) Miśkowiec 92 3.8–31 5.5–239 0.7–3.9 – – – – …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spatial distribution of potentially toxic elements in the mountain forest topsoils (the Silesian Beskids, southern Poland)

Rahmonov,

Sobala,

Środek

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Progressive industrialisation and urbanisation in recent decades have dramatically affected the soil cover and led to significant changes in its properties, which inevitably affect the functioning of other components of the forest ecosystems. The total content of Pb, Cd, Zn, Fe, Cr, Cu, Ni, As, and Hg was studied in twenty-five plots at different heights in the topsoil (organic and humus horizons) formed from the Carpathian flysch in the area of the Silesian Beskids (Western Carpathians). The aim of this article is to analyse the spatial distribution of potentially toxic elements in the mountain forest topsoil in different types of plant communities and to determine the relationship between altitude and potentially toxic elements contamination. The soils studied are acidic or very acidic, with an average range of 3.8 (H2O) and 2.9 (KCl). Concentrations of the metals Cd, Zn, Fe, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Hg on the plots that were analysed are within the range of permissible standards for forest ecosystems in Poland, while Pb and As exceed the permissible standards for this type of ecosystem. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient showed a high correlation between Fe–Cr (r(32) = 0.879, Pb-Hg r(32) = 0.772, Ni–Cr r(32) = 0.738, Zn-Cd r(32) = 0.734, and Cu-Hg r(32) = 0.743, and a moderate statistically significant positive correlation between Cu-Pb r(32) = 0.667 and As-Pb r(32) = 0.557. No correlation was found between altitude and the occurrence of potentially toxic elements. The geo-accumulation index (Igeo) index, on the other hand, indicates that Pb, As, and Cd have the highest impact on soil contamination in all study plots: it classifies soils from moderately to strongly polluted. The enrichment factor (EF) obtained for As and Hg indicates significant-to-very high enrichment in all areas studied. The potential ecological risk index (PLI) calculated for the sites indicates the existence of pollution in all areas examined. The highest risk categories (considerable to very high) are associated with cadmium and mercury.

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Migration of organic carbon and trace elements in the system glacier-soil in the Central Caucasus alpine environment

et al. 2022

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Geochemistry of cryoconite and soils in the Central Caucasus region and its environmental implications

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Linking the composition of cryoconite prokaryotic communities in the Arctic, Antarctic, and Central Caucasus with their chemical characteristics

Linking the composition of cryoconite prokaryotic communities in the Arctic, Antarctic, and Central Caucasus with their chemical characteristics

The spatial distribution of potentially toxic elements in the mountain forest topsoils (the Silesian Beskids, southern Poland)

Migration of organic carbon and trace elements in the system glacier-soil in the Central Caucasus alpine environment

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