Geochemistry in the modern soil survey program

Wilson, Michael; Burt, R.; Indorante, S. J.; Jenkins, Andy; Chiaretti, Joseph V.; Ulmer, M. G.; Scheyer, J. M.

doi:10.1007/s10661-007-9822-z

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…In our study, the overstepping of maximum levels for Cd and Pb in vegetable samples was most likely due to soil contamination with these heavy metals. The possible sources of soil contamination with Cd and Pb are similar, and include floodwater in the lowlands along rivers and streams, atmospheric deposition, proximity of traffic and industry, and use of artificial fertilisers and pesticides in agriculture (1,(54)(55)(56). Since the vegetables were bought at Varaždin market from local sellers, they might have been grown in Northwestern Croatia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of heavy metals in common vegetables at Varaždin City Market, Croatia

Stančić

Vujević

Gomaz

et al. 2016

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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The present study was aimed at the estimation of heavy metal content in vegetables sold at the city market of one of the densely populated Croatian cities, Varaždin, and to establish the relationship between their levels and possible sources of contamination. Twenty-eight samples of the most common diet vegetables (red and white potato, onion, carrot, common bean, lettuce, and cabbage) were randomly bought at the market in September and October 2013. Using the atomic absorption spectrometry method, concentrations of nine heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were measured in the selected samples. The results showed that, in five out of 28 samples analysed, six concentrations exceeded the maximum levels provided for in the regulations: five for Pb and one for Cd. Maximum regulated levels for Pb were exceeded in two samples of red potato, two samples of common bean, and one sample of carrot (17.9 %), and for Cd in a sample of red potato (3.6 %). In conclusion, the cause of the overstepping of the maximum levels for Pb and Cd in the vegetables analysed was most likely the contaminated soil. The possible sources of soil contamination include traffic, nearby industry, floodwaters of rivers and streams, and the use of pesticides and fertilisers in agricultural production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of heavy metals in common vegetables at Varaždin City Market, Croatia

Stančić

Vujević

Gomaz

et al. 2016

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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“…However, the forest soils near the industrial complex (Paulínia and Americana) were more acidic (pH = 3.6-3.9) than those located farther apart from industries near rural or urban sources (pH = 4.0-4.5), indicating that acidic deposition increases near the industrial area. The pH and base saturation are important indicators of chemical processes in the soil and thus are key descriptors for monitoring forest changes (Cools & Des Vos 2011 ), which had a direct influence on soil acidity and increase of m% (Jobbágy & Jackson 2001, Boruvka et al 2005, Ok et al 2007, Kimetu et al 2008, Ke-Hui et al 2010, SanClements et al 2010, as well as on the availability of heavy metals (Wei et al 2006, Wilson et al 2008, Stevens et al 2009). Furthermore, basic cations and organic matter buffer the soil acidity (Ross et al 2008, Ke-Hui et al 2010.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil chemical and physical status in semideciduous Atlantic Forest fragments affected by atmospheric deposition in central-eastern São Paulo State, Brazil

Lopes¹,

Santos²,

Camargo³

et al. 2015

iForest

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© iForest -Biogeosciences and Forestry IntroductionThe Brazilian Atlantic biome is recognized as one of the hotspots for the conservation of biodiversity (Forzza et al. 2012), though it is severely affected by diverse human interferences, particularly in the State of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil (Domingos et al. 2003). The semideciduous Atlantic Forest is highly fragmented in central-eastern São Paulo because of the expansion of agriculture and urban and industrial growth (Nalon et al. 2008). Besides the reduction of forest cover, human activities bring about a variety of pollutants from combustion of fuels, waste disposal, long-term sewage sludge and fertilizer application and other sources, which may be toxic to the plant community and modify the chemical status of soil, depending on its original chemical and physical conditions (Nriagu 1990, Sharpley 1995, Schaaf et al. 2004, Pouyat et al. 2008, Lucas et al. 2011. Soil nutrients are among the main factors that regulate plant growth and play an important role in the sustainable use of soils; however, their excess due to pollution from human sources may damage the soils and affect the soil-plant relationships. Air pollution may also disrupt other nutrient cycling processes in natural ecosystems, such as the decomposition of litter (Cotrufo et al. 1995).Most anthropogenic pollutants deposited in forest ecosystems accumulate in the soil surface layers (Ruan et al. 2008), where pollutants are typically immobilized for long periods (Hawkins et al. 1995, Verstraeten et al. 2012. However, these accumulations are considered a "chemical time bomb" (Kabala & Szerszen 2002, Hovmand et al. 2008, because pollutants will eventually be leached into waterways (Miller & Friedland 1994).Increased deposition of sulfur and nitrogen compounds (SO2, NOx and NH3) in natural communities induces soil acidification (Falkengren-Grerup & Tyler 1993, Akselsson et al. 2013, Gao et al. 2013. Soil acidification depletes the basic nutrient cations, causes a decrease of pH, lowers the quality of humus, and accelerates the mobilization of aluminum (Boruvka et al. 2005, Miller & Watmough 2009). The depletion of basic cations from the forest floor alters the mineral nutrition of trees, modifies tree growth patterns (Klumpp et al. 2002, Högberg et al. 2006, Sebesta et al. 2011) and affects the distribution of roots (Joslin & Wolfe 1992). As a consequence, biodiversity, vegetation productivity and dynamics of the soil carbon pool are affected (Binkley et al. 2000).Altogether, such negative effects contribute to the forest decline observed in the Atlantic Rain Forest on the coastal mountain range named Serra do Mar (region of Cubatão, São Paulo State, Brazil). This forest is affected by air pollution from an industrial complex that caused destabilization of the land surface, disturbance of soil processes and landslides (Leitão Filho et al. 1993, Mayer et al. 2000a, 2000b. Furthermore, the large metropolitan regions of the São Paulo State (SE Brazil) are responsible for the intense fragmentation of...

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“…The expected outcome of the Willow Creek study and similar studies of anthropogenic soils conducted by USDA Soil Survey (e.g., [6,7,11,[49][50][51]110]) is to better characterize important soils in specified-project areas, and more generally establish important relationships with other soil properties as well as with other soils both uncontaminated and contaminated. Our knowledge of the various soil processes affecting the elemental amounts and distribution in US soils and their relationships with other soil properties will enhance the understanding of the fate and transport of anthropogenic elements, thereby expanding the utility and application of soil survey knowledge in areas of environmental concern (e.g., urban, mine spoil reclamation, munitions disposal, smelter emissions, and agricultural waste applications).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The measurement of the total extractable pool of trace elements has been commonly used to assess the environmental levels or background amounts of trace elements in soils and water [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Selective fractionations or "geochemical partitioning" have been used to evaluate the potential reactivity of these elements [8][9][10][11] and are widely used in soil pollution studies, providing qualitative evidence about trace element reactivity and indirectly of their bioavailability [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selective fractionations or "geochemical partitioning" have been used to evaluate the potential reactivity of these elements [8][9][10][11] and are widely used in soil pollution studies, providing qualitative evidence about trace element reactivity and indirectly of their bioavailability [12][13][14][15]. Trace element bioavailability in soils is a complex phenomenon, affected by many factors such as total concentration, pH, organic matter, clay, and redox conditions [7,[16][17][18][19][20]. Trace element toxicity in waters is strongly affected by sitespecific water quality factors such as pH, hardness, and other dissolved constituents [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trace Element Concentration and Speciation in Selected Mining-Contaminated Soils and Water in Willow Creek Floodplain, Colorado

Burt

Weber

Park

et al. 2011

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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Long-term mining activities in the mountains around Creede, Colorado have resulted in significant contamination in soils and water in the Willow Creek floodplain. Total major and trace were determined for soils and water and sequential chemical extraction for soils. Objectives were to determine concentrations and potential reactivity of trace elements and investigate their relationship with other soil and water properties. Water trace elements showed significant variability among sites, ranging from 347 to 12108 µg/L. Relative trend showed (. Soil trace elements showed significant short-range spatial variability, ranging from 2819 to 19274 mg/kg. Relative trend showed (. Predominant fractions were oxide, specifically-sorbed/carbonate bound, and residual. Water soluble and exchangeable fractions showed (Zn ≈ Cd) > Pb and Cd > Zn > Pb, respectively. Mobility factors for highly contaminated soils showed Cd ≈ Zn > Pb > Cu > As.

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Geochemistry in the modern soil survey program

Cited by 38 publications

References 91 publications

Detection of heavy metals in common vegetables at Varaždin City Market, Croatia

Detection of heavy metals in common vegetables at Varaždin City Market, Croatia

Soil chemical and physical status in semideciduous Atlantic Forest fragments affected by atmospheric deposition in central-eastern São Paulo State, Brazil

Trace Element Concentration and Speciation in Selected Mining-Contaminated Soils and Water in Willow Creek Floodplain, Colorado

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