Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Southern Caribbean–Northern Venezuela Plate Boundary

Santamaría, Francisco; Schubert, Carlos

doi:10.1130/0016-7606(1974)85<1085:gagots>2.0.co;2

Cited by 62 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…previous paleomagnetic analyses on the Leeward Antilles Stearns et al, 1982]. Ductile deformation (D 1 ) is diachronous from west to east, based on the younger ages of the islands in the east [Priem et al, 1966;Beets, 1972;Santamaría and Schubert, 1974;Priem et al, 1979;Stöckhert et al, 1995]. Thus the D 1 phase may be active today at the arcuate southeastern edge of the Caribbean plate; D 1 structures are likely developing at depth on the Grenadines and on Grenada.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clockwise rotation of these Figure 11. Compilation of youngest island arc plutonic and volcanic dates from west to east based K/Ar dating techniques [Priem et al, 1966;Beets, 1972;Santamaría and Schubert, 1974;Priem et al, 1979;Stöckhert et al, 1995]. Error bars represent error margin reported by authors.…”

Section: Tectonic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Error bars represent error margin reported by authors. Santamaría and Schubert [1974] islands also decreases to the east [Stearns et al, 1982;Hargraves and Skerlec, 1980;Burmester et al, 1996]. Farther to the east, paleomagnetic work on active volcanic islands has shown only little or no rotation of Eocene basalts (Mayeau Island [Speed et al, 1997]).…”

Section: Tectonic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, by determining the termination of igneous activity along the entire Leeward (the Dutch and the Venezuelan) Antilles, one would expect the ages to decrease from $75 Ma to present based on the relatively eastward motion of the Caribbean plate. A compilation of available K/Ar dates indeed indicates an eastward decline of youngest ages of volcanic rocks [Priem et al, 1966;Beets, 1972;Santamaría and Schubert, 1974;Priem et al, 1979;Stöckhert et al, 1995] (Table 2) spanning from $73 Ma on Aruba to $44 Ma on Los Testigos (Figure 11). The model predicts that Grenada, which is still active or temporarily dormant, will cease igneous activity as it becomes the next volcanic island to be accreted to South America.…”

Section: Tectonic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[44] It has been proposed (Santamaria and Schubert, 1974) that volcanism and plutonism ceased diachronously from west to east. The model of Avé Lallemant [1996b] suggests that the normal component of the convergence rate vector at a given point approximately equals the subduction component at that point.…”

Section: Tectonic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oblique collision and accretion of the Netherlands Leeward Antilles to South America

Beardsley

Lallemant

2007

Tectonics

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Accretion of the Netherlands Leeward Antilles volcanic island arc to northern South America (offshore Venezuela) was accompanied by deformation and clockwise block rotation. Structural analysis of Aruba, Curaçao, and Bonaire indicates that they were deformed during at least one ductile event (D1) and three brittle events (F1 − F3). The first deformation phase (D1 and F1) began in the Early Cretaceous, at approximately 110 Ma. Deformation features are consistent with displacement partitioning at the obliquely convergent Caribbean‐Atlantic (proto‐Caribbean) plate boundary. This deformation was accompanied by an approximate 90° clockwise rotation of the forearc terrane. The onset of the second phase of deformation (F2) occurred in the Eocene (∼55 Ma), also accompanied by a small amount of rotation, and structures are consistent with wrench tectonics in a pull‐apart regime. This coincided with the collision of the Caribbean plate with the Great Bahama Bank and the initiation of convergence between North and South America. The youngest deformation structures and rotation (F3) are also associated with wrench faulting. Likely, motion along the Oca fault and the Caribbean plate transform fault initiated a major restraining bend in the late Paleogene. Beginning ∼12 Ma, the northeastward escape of the Maracaibo block further increased the complexity of tectonism at the Caribbean–South American plate boundary. Deformation structures are consistent with a total of 135° clockwise rotation of the Leeward Antilles islands and regional diachronous deformation from west to east since the Early Cretaceous.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oblique collision and accretion of the Netherlands Leeward Antilles to South America

Beardsley

Lallemant

2007

Tectonics

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Plate tectonics and the problem of anthropoid origins

Cachel

1981

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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Using plate tectonic theory, geologic and geophysical determinants of South Atlantic opening are assessed during the Cretaceous through the Oligocene (approximately 135-25 m.y.B.P.1. This is done to evalute the feasibility of statements on paleontologic and neontologic distributional data that relate to African and South American separation as the South Atlantic was created. In particular, the question of anthropoid origins is examined in light of plate tectonic theory, and the idea that monophyly of the anthropoid grade is supported by continental drift is refuted. When geological and geophysical evidence is examined in detail, the occurrence of Tertiary transfer of primates between Africa and South America is improbable. Thus one must look to either North America or Middle America for the ancestors of the platyrrhines, and to Eurasia for the ancestors of the catarrhines. The problem of whether those ancestors were prosimians or anthropoids is not dealt with, because the question of whether the Platyrrhini and the Catarrhini are independently evolved from prosimian ancestors (anthropoid diphyly) or are evolved from ancestors that were already of an anthropoid level of structural organization (anthropoid monophyly) can only be resolved on biological grounds and at a level of analysis that allows one to distinguish between analogies developed in parallel, homologies caused by symplesiomorphy, and homologies caused by synapomorphy.

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The Geological Evolution of the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico—Some Critical Problems and Areas

Donnelly

1975

The Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean

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Geochemistry and Geochronology of the Southern Caribbean–Northern Venezuela Plate Boundary

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Oblique collision and accretion of the Netherlands Leeward Antilles to South America

Oblique collision and accretion of the Netherlands Leeward Antilles to South America

Plate tectonics and the problem of anthropoid origins

The Geological Evolution of the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico—Some Critical Problems and Areas

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