Geochemical study of laterites of the Jamnagar district, Gujarat, India: Implications on parent rock, mineralogy and tectonics

Meshram, Rajkumar; Randive, Kirtikumar

doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.07.014

Cited by 53 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In order to ascertain similarities and/or differences among these bauxite deposits (the present study and other published works, e.g., Jadhav et al, ; Meshram & Randive, ; Patel et al, ; Singh et al, ), the authors have plotted the Ti vs Zr values (following Hallberg, ). In the Ti vs Zr plot, bauxites of the Jammu, Matanomadh, and Mainpat areas are seen to occupy the basaltic field, whereas Jamnagar bauxites along with some bauxite deposits of the Kachchh region (e.g., Goniassar, Ratadia, Gaban, Rohakotda, and Naredi) occupy the andesitic field (Figure ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For comparison, the Palaeocene‐aged in situ and reworked lateritic bauxite deposits of Kachchh, Jamnagar, Jammu, and Mainpat areas that occupy the western, north‐western, and central regions of the Indian subcontinent are taken into account for understanding the compositional variability of the parent rocks among them (Figure ). It is found that the bauxite successions of Kachchh, Jamnagar, and Mainpat regions rest directly over the partially weathered Deccan basalt (Biswas, ; Jadhav et al, ; Meshram & Randive, ; Patel, Trivedi, Adil, & Golekar, ), while bauxite deposits of the Jammu region rest unconformably over Sirban limestone of Precambrian age with a centimetre‐scale thin limonitic clay seam separating them from direct contact (Singh, ; Singh et al, ). The geochemical characteristics of the Palaeocene bauxite deposits of Kachchh, Jamnagar, and Mainpat regions indicate that they have formed in situ, while bauxite of the Jammu area is reworked‐type basalt‐derived bauxite (Singh et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, the role of plate tectonics in governing the process of bauxitization has brought new insight into the bauxite/laterite research (e.g., Mack & James, ; Meshram & Randive, ; Singh et al, ). Also, it is inferred that continental flood basalts are commonly associated with the early stages of continental breakup and rifting (e. g. Duncan & Richards, ; White & McKenzie, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Petrographical, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of the Palaeocene lateritic bauxite deposits of Kachchh Basin, Western India

Singh¹,

Srivastava

2018

Geological Journal

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Petrographical, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of a blanket‐type lateritic bauxite deposit, bordering the Deccan basalt in Kachchh, are investigated to interpret the parent rock, lateritization processes, and palaeogeographical position of the basin. The presence of partly weathered vesicular basalt at the base of the succession along with partly preserved plagioclase, augite, and hornblende in petrographical observations suggests the in situ nature of these bauxites. X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals gibbsite as the major bauxitic mineral associated with kaolinite, goethite, titanium‐rich anatase, calcite, haematite, and quartz as subconstituents. The presence of gibbsite, kaolinite, and goethite in the majority suggests that warm and humid climatic conditions prevailed during the lateritic bauxite formation. SEM‐EDS analysis shows that most of the gibbsites are mesocrystalline with particle sizes 50–200 μm that coexists with microcrystalline goethite, kaolinite, rutile, and haematite. These deposits are classified as bauxite, ferruginous bauxite, and laterite, based on chemical composition. The high CIA values (86.6–98.1%) suggest their formation under high run‐off and water‐logged conditions similar to that which prevails in the equatorial region. The Zr–Cr–Ga ternary plot testifies to the mafic composition of the parent rock. The major oxides and chondrite‐normalized trace and REEs behaviours, (La/Sm)N ratio (~5.77), and Eu anomaly of these lateritic bauxites suggest that they (bauxites) were formed in situ by the intensive leaching and alteration of the basaltic parent rock, and the process of bauxitization followed the path of deferruginization and destruction of kaolinite. The development of a lateritic regolith over the Deccan basalt was possible during Palaeocene time when the Indian Plate was in complete isolation and the Kachchh region was positioned near the equator in the Southern Hemisphere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Petrographical, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of the Palaeocene lateritic bauxite deposits of Kachchh Basin, Western India

Singh¹,

Srivastava

2018

Geological Journal

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“…In addition, variation in the amount of pyrite, organic matter and other minerals such as oxyhydroxides, phosphates and Fe oxides in the weathering profile can affect Eh-pH conditions under wet-tropical environments [7,13,75,76]. The mass change calculations of the bauxite horizons show that Ca, K and P 2 O 5 were largely leached out of the weathering system whereas Al was enriched in the residual system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Stable Isotope Studies of the Dopolan Bauxite Deposit, Zagros Mountain, Iran

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The Dopolan deposit is a Mediterranean-type bauxite located in the Zagros Fold-Thrust Zone, Iran. This deposit consists of five lithological members including iron-rich, clay-rich, oolitic, pisolitic and organic matter-containing bauxites. The mineralogy of the deposit includes diaspore, boehmite, and kaolinite, nacrite, with minor pyrite, anatase and rutile. Geochemical studies show that light rare earth elements (LREEs) are enriched relative to heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) in all members, supporting an authigenic origin. Mass changes based on Ti as an immobile element indicate that conventionally-immobile elements (Al, Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf) are enriched in situ in the residual units, whereas mobile elements (K, Ca, Si) were depleted during bauxitization. This study shows that the Khaneh-Kat argillitic dolomite is the likely parent rock. The δ 18 O (7.63‰to 9.35‰) and δD values (´49.91‰to´66.49‰) for kaolinite in the bauxite samples suggest equilibration with meteoric waters which supports a supergene origin. Bauxitization occurred in a warm climate with relatively constant isotopic composition suggesting climate stability during the development of bauxite horizons and remobilization of Al (with formation of secondary boehmite). The δ 13 C values of calcite (´7.3‰) in the bauxite support the idea that the Khaneh-Kat Formation has experienced post-depositional isotope exchange with meteoric waters during the karstification process.

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“…Indeed, first, thermodynamic laws indicate that dissolution rates are lower at lower temperature. Additionally, it is observed that most of the Li carried by rivers to the ocean is mainly located in the particulate load (> 70%, e.g., Millot et al, 2010), while the dissolved Li represents only a minor portion. This is consistent with the fact that Li can be significantly incorporated into the structure of secondary minerals, mainly clays.…”

Section: Walker Paleothermostatmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new approach for modeling the Cenozoic oceanic lithium isotope paleo-variations: the key role of climate

Vigier¹,

Goddéris²

2014

Preprint

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Abstract. The marine record of the ocean lithium isotope composition may provide important information constraining the factors that control continental weathering and how they have varied in the past. However, the equations establishing the links between the continental flux of Li to the ocean, its Li isotope composition and the ocean Li isotope composition are under-constrained, and their resolution are related to significant uncertainties. In order to partially reduce this uncertainty, we propose a new approach that couples the C and Li cycles, such that our proposed reconstruction of the Cenozoic Li cycle is compatible with the required stability of the exospheric carbon cycle on geological timescales. The results of this exercise show, contrary to expectations, that the Li isotope composition of rivers exerts only a minor influence on the δ7Li of the ocean. In contrast, variations in the continental flux of Li to the ocean are demonstrated to play a major role in setting the ocean δ7Li. We also provide evidence that Li storage in soils is an important element of the global Li cycle that cannot be neglected during the Cenozoic. Our modeling of the published foraminifera record highlight a close link between soil formation rate and indexes recording the climate evolution during the Cenozoic, such as foraminifera δ18O and pCO2 reconstructions. This leads us to propose that climate exerted a dominant control on soil production and therefore on continental weathering during the last 70 Ma.

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Geochemical study of laterites of the Jamnagar district, Gujarat, India: Implications on parent rock, mineralogy and tectonics

Cited by 53 publications

References 49 publications

Petrographical, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of the Palaeocene lateritic bauxite deposits of Kachchh Basin, Western India

Petrographical, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics of the Palaeocene lateritic bauxite deposits of Kachchh Basin, Western India

Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Stable Isotope Studies of the Dopolan Bauxite Deposit, Zagros Mountain, Iran

A new approach for modeling the Cenozoic oceanic lithium isotope paleo-variations: the key role of climate

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