Geochemical, Mineralogical and Morphological Characterisation of Road Dust and Associated Health Risks

Candeias, Carla; Vicente, Estela D.; Tomé, Mário; Rocha, Fernando; Ávila, Paula Freire; Alves, Célia

doi:10.3390/ijerph17051563

Cited by 41 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The mean concentrations of Zn (1287 mg/kg) and Pb (762 mg/kg) in 2018 decreased by more than 60% compared to those in 2008, however, these values obtained after ceasing the IZS activities 12 years were still 14 and 26 times higher than the soil background values in Guizhou Province. Studies have shown that the anthropogenic enrichment of zinc and lead in urban samples has reached a medium level, indicating the contribution of traffic emissions [39]. For this study area, the excess accumulation of lead and zinc in dust is mainly attributed to industrial activities.…”

Section: Concentrations Of Heavy Metal(loid)s In Ground Dustmentioning

confidence: 72%

Heavy Metal(loid)s Contamination in Ground Dust and Associated Health Risks at a Former Indigenous Zinc Smelting Area

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Indigenous zinc smelting (IZS) is a backward technique that releases a great deal of heavy metal(loid)s into the environment. However, the contamination of heavy metal(loid)s in ground dust and the associated health risks in such areas are poorly known. In this study, a former IZS area in Guizhou, China, was surveyed during 2008–2018 with 15 elements (Ag, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, In, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Tl, Zn) being analyzed. The results indicate that most elements (e.g., Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, Sn, Zn) in ground dust decreased significantly after the cessation of the IZS in 2006; nevertheless, some elements still remained at relatively high levels in 2018, e.g., Pb (average: 762 ± 647 mg/kg), Zn (average: 1287 ± 753 mg/kg), Cd (average: 7.76 ± 5.06 mg/kg), and As (average: 41.9 ± 34.8 mg/kg), indicating they might come from the local contaminated soils, slag residues and smelting potteries. In terms of the impacts on human health, children have both higher non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks than that of adults, with the latter subpopulation having a lower risk than the threshold values. Pb and As were the two elements with the highest non-carcinogenic risk for children, the hazard index of local children was still higher than the threshold of 1 (e.g., 1.43 for As, 2.09 for Pb) in 2018. The carcinogenic risk of As exposure to children dropped more than two times to 6.42 × 10−7 in 2018, which falls below the tolerable range (10−6–10−4). This study revealed that although the concentration of heavy metal(loid)s in ground dust and linked health risk in the IZS area has reduced dramatically after the cessation of IZS, continued removal of slag residues and smelting potteries is necessary for further decreasing the human health risk.

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Section: Concentrations Of Heavy Metal(loid)s In Ground Dustmentioning

confidence: 72%

Heavy Metal(loid)s Contamination in Ground Dust and Associated Health Risks at a Former Indigenous Zinc Smelting Area

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…A higher silica content may expose the community to serious health implications, such as damaged lung tissue [ 20 ]. Its higher concentration in road dust may be associated with its hardness, which makes it difficult to undergo physical weathering [ 31 ]. Additionally, the dominance of quartz in road dust may also be linked to the geographical location of the study area, which falls under the Johannesburg dome, which is underlain with sedimentary rocks of the Witwatersrand and Venterdorp Supergroup.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Urban Informal Settlements on Trace Element Accumulation in Road Dust and Their Possible Health Implications in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa

Mugudamani

Oke

Gumede

2022

Toxics

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The study was aimed at assessing the influence of urban informal settlement on trace element accumulation in road dust from the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa, and their possible health implications. The concentration of major and trace elements was determined using the wavelength dispersive XRF method. The major elements in descending order were SiO2 (72.76%), Al2O3 (6.90%), Fe2O3 (3.88%), CaO (2.71%), K2O (1.56%), Na2O (0.99%), MgO (0.94%), MnO (0.57%), TiO2 (0.40%), and P2O5 (0.16%), with SiO2 and P2O5 at above-average shale values. The average mean concentrations of 17 trace elements in decreasing order were Cr (637.4), Ba (625.6), Zn (231.8), Zr (190.2), Sr (120.2), V (69), Rb (66), Cu (61), Ni (49), Pb (30.8), Co (17.4), Y (14.4), Nb (8.6), As (7.2), Sc (5.8), Th (4.58), and U (2.9) mg/kg. Trace elements such as Cr, Cu, Zn, Zr, Ba, and Pb surpassed their average shale values, and only Cr surpassed the South African soil screening values. The assessment of pollution through the geo-accumulation index (Igeo) revealed that road dust was moderately to heavily contaminated by Cr, whereas all other trace elements were categorized as being uncontaminated to moderately contaminated. The contamination factor (CF) exhibited road dust to be very highly contaminated by Cr, moderately contaminated by Zn, Pb, Cu, Zr, and Ba, and lowly contaminated by Co, U, Nb, Ni, As, Y, V, Rb, Sc, Sr, and Th. The pollution load index (PLI) also affirmed that the road dust in this study was very highly polluted by trace elements. Moreover, the results of the enrichment factor (EF) categorized Cr as having a significant degree of enrichment. Zn was elucidated as being minimally enriched, whereas all other trace elements were of natural origin. The results of the non-carcinogenic risk assessment revealed a possibility of non-carcinogenic risks to both children and adults. For the carcinogenic risk, the total CR values in children and adults were above the acceptable limit, signifying a likelihood of carcinogenic risk to the local inhabitants. From the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the levels of trace elements in the road dust of this informal settlement had the possibility to contribute to both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks, and that children were at a higher risk than the adult population.

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“…Taking into account that road dust resuspension is a current air quality management challenge in Europe, a study conducted in Viana do Castelo (Portugal) focused on this issue and characterized road dust samples collected in suburban and urban streets, defined PM 10 emissions factors for different road types and identified the main anthropogenic contributions to them [ 7 ]. Estimated PM 10 emission factors ranged from 49 mg veh −1 km −1 (asphalt) to 330 mg veh −1 km −1 (cobble stone).…”

Section: Outdoor Pollution Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Human Exposure to Air Pollution

Canha

Diapouli

Almeida

2021

IJERPH

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Geochemical, Mineralogical and Morphological Characterisation of Road Dust and Associated Health Risks

Cited by 41 publications

References 47 publications

Heavy Metal(loid)s Contamination in Ground Dust and Associated Health Risks at a Former Indigenous Zinc Smelting Area

Heavy Metal(loid)s Contamination in Ground Dust and Associated Health Risks at a Former Indigenous Zinc Smelting Area

Influence of Urban Informal Settlements on Trace Element Accumulation in Road Dust and Their Possible Health Implications in Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality, South Africa

Integrated Human Exposure to Air Pollution

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