Geochemical factors controlling the phase behavior of Eagle Ford Shale petroleum fluids

Kuske, Sascha; Horsfield, Brian; Jweda, Jason; Michael, Gerald E.; Song, Yipeng

doi:10.1306/09051817227

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…This differs from the production of gas from conventional gas reservoirs where the gas/water ratio declines during production. (Jarvie, 2012;2015) and other attempts to predict the shale gas production profile from first principles have not been successful (Kuske et al, 2019;Orozco et al, 2020). However, if we accept that most of the gas is produced from the mudstone, the shale gas production profile can be understood as reflecting the increased connectivity of initially isolated gas pockets due to reduced pressure from production.…”

Section: Implications For Shale Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Origin, transport, accumulation of methane in sedimentary basins revisited

Bjørkum¹

2022

Preprint

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The current widely accepted models for generation of methane by thermal cracking of oil and by bacterial fermentation have several serious inconsistencies. Experiments show that high-temperature pyrolysis of liquid (C6+) hydrocarbons does not produce methane even if hydrogen is added to the feed, and condensate, which is generally assumed to be the direct precursor to methane, generally amounts to only a few percent of produced oil. The bacterial origin for methane generation at low temperatures is also flawed because the pores in mudrocks are too small relative to the dimensions of bacteria, making their proliferation unfeasible. Furthermore, it is well known that most of the methane in sedimentary basins is dissolved in the formation water, with only about 1% of the total occurring as free gas in conventional reservoirs, and today’s models for generation of methane cannot account for such enormous volumes.Two alternative models are advocated here: (1) high-temperature (>100-120°C) "thermic" methane -generation from alkylated aromatics in the organic matter dispersed in mudstones and (2) "CO2" methane formation by reaction of CO2 and H2 produced from decomposing organic matter, which occurs from low to high temperatures (throughout most of the burial history). These processes can generate enough methane to saturate formation water using only a few percent of the organic carbon in mudstones. Large accumulations of methane-rich gas in shale-dominated siliciclastic basins, like the Gulf of Mexico or North Sea, can be explained as the products of exsolution from upward-moving formation water. In most basins, the water-pressure profile typically increases from hydrostatic above 2-3 km depth to approach the hydrofracturing isobar (pore pressure between 1.8 and 2 times hydrostatic) at around 3-3.5 km. In this situation, most of the vertical water flow takes place via hydraulic fractures that have originated in highly overpressured high-permeability rock (sandstone) underlying the hydrofracturing isobar. It takes millions to tens of millions of years to form a significant accumulation by this means, but if the hydraulic fractures originate in previous gas accumulations, the time required can be reduced by two orders of magnitude. For the subordinate proportion of methane formed in source rocks, as opposed to the main proportion formed in normal mudrocks, the gas resides in an entirely different pore system than the oil. Most of the free gas is contained in the inorganic pores, whereas the oil is confined within the kerogen.

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Section: Implications For Shale Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, production of oil and gas from organic-rich mudstones probably does not involve a complex, and to date unsolved three-phase (PVT) problem (Kuske et al, 2019), but rather a twophase gas problem (gas and water) and a "one"-phase oil problem (kerogen and oil).…”

Section: Implications For Shale Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin, transport, accumulation of methane in sedimentary basins revisited

Bjørkum¹

2022

Preprint

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“…Lomando [3], Zhao and Machel [4], and Kim et al [5] all considered that reservoir bitumen has a great influence on reservoir quality and the exploration of oil. The Alberta province of Canada, North America, and the Sichuan Basin [6][7][8] all have explored huge reserves of heavy oil and bitumen resources. The characteristics of source rocks and reservoir bitumen can reflect the formation environment and preservation condition of hydrocarbon reservoirs in petroliferous basins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Source Rocks and Formation of Reservoir Bitumen in Yinchuan Graben, Ordos Basin, China

Liu

Yao³

et al. 2022

Energies

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The Yinchuan Graben is an important potential exploration area that is located on the western margin of the Ordos Basin. Over 8000 m of Cenozoic strata have been formed since the Cretaceous. With an integrated approach of cores observation, logging analysis, and geochemical analysis, we analyzed the characteristics of the Cenozoic source rocks in the Yinchuan Graben and determined the formation and destruction of the fossil oil reservoirs. With type III kerogen, the TOC of the dark mudstone in the Qingshuiying Formation is up to 7.5%, and the Ro is 0.95–1.04%, indicating the source rocks have entered the mature stage but the hydrocarbon generation potential is insufficient. A quantity of reservoir bitumen and oil-bearing fluid inclusions (GOI = 1.67–4%) were found in the Qingshuiying Formation sandstone in Well YQ-1, which indicates a fossil oil reservoir had existed. The fossil oil reservoir and reservoir bitumen were generated by the unexplored pre-Cenozoic strata in the Yinchuan Graben. The reservoir bitumen has high maturity and is associated with many fluid inclusions with a high homogenization temperature or CO2. This indicates that the bitumen was formed by the pyrolysis of the oil which was caused by the hot fluid migrating along with the deep fault belts.

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“…Its main operational advantages are high precision and reproducibility, combined with milligram sample loading and batch processing capabilities, all conducted at low cost . While some offline studies have been undertaken, for example, concerning the carbon isotopic compositions of pyrolysates, it is online MSSV analysis that has been most frequently used, with a wide range of applications in kinetic modeling, isotopic investigations, and reservoir geochemistry studies. − Pyrolysis products occurring in high yield, such as n -alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, and thiophenes, have been the main focus of attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of Bound Biomarkers Using Microscale Sealed Vessel Catalytic Hydrogenation

Yang

Horsfield²,

Karger

et al. 2021

Energy Fuels

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The covalently bound biomarkers in the macrostructure of kerogen or asphaltene can provide unique information compared with the routinely extractable biomarkers. Here, a shale sample (immature Posidonia Shale) and an oil sample (Norwegian Geochemical Standard NSO-1) were systematically investigated by heating them to different temperatures and by mixing them with different catalytic materials to optimize the microscale sealed vessel catalytic hydrogenation (MSSV-Hy) protocol. It can be demonstrated that (1) tetralin acts as an effective hydrogen donor to stabilize the generated free radicals in the pyrolysis system enabling the bound biomarkers to resemble more closely their free counterparts, (2) PtO2 is the most appropriate catalyst for promoting the overall release of bound biomarkers, and (3) 390 °C is the best end temperature (from 200 °C at 0.7 °C/min) for the MSSV-Hy approach, balancing between bound biomarker yields and the protection of the original biomarker steric configurations. MSSV-Hy is a quick, highly reproducible, less sample demanding, and cost-effective method to release bound biomarkers and has great potential for studying the carbon cycle in its broadest sense.

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Geochemical factors controlling the phase behavior of Eagle Ford Shale petroleum fluids

Cited by 29 publications

References 63 publications

Origin, transport, accumulation of methane in sedimentary basins revisited

Origin, transport, accumulation of methane in sedimentary basins revisited

Characteristics of Source Rocks and Formation of Reservoir Bitumen in Yinchuan Graben, Ordos Basin, China

Release of Bound Biomarkers Using Microscale Sealed Vessel Catalytic Hydrogenation

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