Geochemical correlation of three large-volume ignimbrites from the Yellowstone hotspot track, Idaho, USA

Ellis, Ben; Branney, Michael J.; Barry, T. L.; Barfod, Dan N.; Bindeman, Ilya N.; Wolff, J. A.; Bonnichsen, Bill

doi:10.1007/s00445-011-0510-z

Cited by 27 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The conservative estimate equates to a dense-rock equivalent volume of ~1870 km of Ochs and Lange, 1999) and a magnitude of 8.6 (method of Pyle, 2000). The magnitude of this eruption is comparable to other large explosive eruptions in the Yellowstone-Snake River Plain volcanic province (Christiansen, 2001;Morgan and McIntosh, 2005;Ellis et al, 2012).…”

Section: Castleford Crossing Membermentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Such entrainment of preexisting vitric rhyolite from the source area (e.g., conduit or crater walls) must have been rapid, and possibly facilitated by explosive interactions with groundwater or surface water during the eruption. The Big Bluff Member is also part of a large-volume (~1000 km 3 ), regionally extensive eruption unit correlated with the Cougar Point Tuff XIII of Ellis et al (2012). Therefore, the volume of the vitric lapilli seems too large (several tens of cubic kilometers) to represent ejected hot agglutinate juvenile glass temporarily adhered to conduit walls (cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The member is a voluminous (~350 km 3 ; Ellis et al, 2012) ignimbrite sheet that extends ~80 km along the southern central Snake River Plain. It is well exposed across the Cassia Hills (Williams et al, , 1991 and thins southward.…”

Section: Steer Basin Membermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mid-Miocene record of large-scale Snake River–type explosive volcanism and associated subsidence on the Yellowstone hotspot track: The Cassia Formation of Idaho, USA

Knott

Branney

Reichow

et al. 2016

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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The 1.95-km-thick Cassia Formation, defined in the Cassia Hills at the southern margin of the Snake River Plain, Idaho, consists of 12 refined and newly described rhyolitic members, each with distinctive field, geochemical, mineralogical, geochronological, and paleomagnetic characteristics. It records voluminous high-temperature, Snake River-type explosive eruptions between ca. 11.3 Ma and ca. 8.1 Ma that emplaced intensely welded rheomorphic ignimbrites and associated ash-fall layers. One ignimbrite records the ca. 8.1 Ma Castleford Crossing eruption, which was of supereruption magnitude (~1900 km 3 ). It covers 14,000 km 2 and exceeds 1.35 km thickness within a subsided, proximal caldera-like depocenter. Majorand trace-element data define three successive temporal trends toward less-evolved rhyolitic compositions, separated by abrupt returns to more-evolved compositions. These cycles are thought to reflect increasing mantle-derived basaltic intraplating and hybridization of a midcrustal region, coupled with shallower fractionation in upper-crustal magma reservoirs. The onset of each new cycle is thought to record renewed intraplating at an adjacent region of crust, possibly as the North American plate migrated westward over the Yellowstone hotspot. A regional NE-trending monocline, here termed the Cassia monocline, was formed by synvolcanic deformation and subsidence of the intracontinental Snake River basin. Its structural and topographic evolution is reconstructed using thickness variations, offlap relations, and rheomorphic transport indicators in the successive dated ignimbrites. The subsidence is thought to have occurred in response to incremental loading and modification of the crust by the mantle-derived basaltic magmas. During this time, the area also underwent NW-trending faulting related to opening of the western Snake River rift and E-W Basin and Range extension. The large eruptions probably had different source locations, all within the subsiding basin. The proximal Miocene topography was thus in marked contrast to the more elevated present-day Yellowstone plateau.

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Section: Castleford Crossing Membermentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mid-Miocene record of large-scale Snake River–type explosive volcanism and associated subsidence on the Yellowstone hotspot track: The Cassia Formation of Idaho, USA

Knott

Branney

Reichow

et al. 2016

Geological Society of America Bulletin

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“…This welded tuff is important in correlating rock and time units because it an isochronous datum recognized in many areas within and outside of the Knoll basin. This tuff has been correlated with the Jackpot Member of the Rogerson Formation and the Big Bluff Member of the Cassia Formation, which are present north of the Knoll basin along the southern margin of the Snake River Plain (Ellis et al, 2012;Knott et al, 2016aKnott et al, , 2016bSupplemental Item [see footnote 1]). An undated welded unit of the Cougar Point Tuff in the Blanchard member crops out intermittently just to the east of the Henry fault (Fig.…”

Section: Blanchard Knoll Cave and Bloody Gulch Membersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Middle Miocene to Holocene tectonics, basin evolution, and paleogeography along the southern margin of the Snake River Plain in the Knoll Mountain–Ruby–East Humboldt Range region, northeastern Nevada and south-central Idaho

2017

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New geologic mapping and tephrochronologic assessment of strata in extensional basins surrounding Knoll Mountain (Nevada, USA) reveal a geologic history linked to tectonic development of the Yellowstone hotspot and Snake River Plain to the north, and to the Ruby-East Humboldt-Wood Hills metamorphic core complex to the south. Data from these areas are utilized to present a paleogeographic reconstruction of northeastern Nevada-southcentral Idaho depicting the architecture of extensional faulting and basin development during collapse of the Nevadaplano over the past 17 m.y.Knoll Mountain is a northeast-trending horst along the southern margin of the Snake River Plain and track of the Yellowstone hotspot. The horst is bounded on the east by the Thousand Springs fault system and basin, and on the west by the Knoll Mountain fault and basin, where streams currently drain north into the Snake River Plain. The Knoll and Thousand Springs basins form half-grabens that are filled with the ca. 16 Ma to ca. 8-5 Ma Humboldt Formation, which was deposited in alluvial, eolian, and lacustrine environments during slip along range-bounding faults and a series of late-stage synthetic intrabasin faults. Structural, chronologic, and sedimentologic assessment of the Humboldt Formation in the Knoll basin indicates that it records overall southward fluvial drainage with slip along the Knoll Mountain fault beginning ca. 16 Ma and continuing to at least 8 Ma, and that between 8 and ca. 5 Ma, a west-dipping intrabasin fault system had developed. Between ca. 8-5 Ma to ca. 3 Ma, several fundamental changes took place, beginning with the cessation of faulting followed by widespread erosion that in turn was followed by deposition of older alluvium. The reversal of drainage direction from south to north flowing in the Knoll basin also took place during this time period, but its age relative to the widespread erosion or older alluvium is unknown.An integration of our work with previous studies north of Knoll Mountain reveal that the Knoll Mountain and intrabasin faults terminate to the north in the vicinity of the Jurassic Contact pluton, and that this area forms an accommodation zone separating broadly coeval and colinear faults bounding the ca. 10-8 Ma north-trending Rogerson graben, the northern end of which merges with the Snake River Plain. Furthermore, an integration of our work with previous work south of Knoll Mountain reveals that the Knoll Mountain fault formed part of a >190-km long, west-dipping fault zone that included the Ruby-East Humboldt detachment. This fault zone, which we refer to as the Knoll-Ruby fault system, had an extensive hanging-wall basin, the KnollRuby basin. The Knoll-Ruby fault system was a prominent structure facilitating collapse of the Nevadaplano in northeastern Nevada between ca. 16 and ca. 8-5 Ma, and its central part produced partial exhumation of high-grade, mid-crustal metamorphic rocks in the Ruby-East Humboldt-Wood Hills metamorphic core complex. By 8-5 Ma, during the waning stages of extension a...

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“…Los volúmenes eruptivos involucrados sugieren valores mínimos >16 km 3 , para un área de 65 km 2 y un espesor promedio para la sucesión completa estimado en ~250 m. Un valor mayor se obtiene si se considera su posible correlación con las ignimbritas de cerro Mudadero, el que alcanzaría los 42 km 3 . Ejemplos de estimaciones de volúmenes eruptivos por este método se presentan en Ellis et al (2011). Los valores implicarían magnitudes >M6,5 a 7 (método de Pyle, 2000), considerando densidades de 1,85 g/cm 3 correspondientes a grados de soldadura moderados entre grados III y IV de Quane y Russell (2005).…”

Section: Ignimbritas Y Mesobrechasunclassified

Mecanismos eruptivos y procesos depositacionales del Grupo Choiyoi en el área de Las Caletas, Cordillera Frontal de San Juan, Argentina

Rocher

Vallecillo

2014

Andgeo

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Geochemical correlation of three large-volume ignimbrites from the Yellowstone hotspot track, Idaho, USA

Cited by 27 publications

References 60 publications

Mid-Miocene record of large-scale Snake River–type explosive volcanism and associated subsidence on the Yellowstone hotspot track: The Cassia Formation of Idaho, USA

Mid-Miocene record of large-scale Snake River–type explosive volcanism and associated subsidence on the Yellowstone hotspot track: The Cassia Formation of Idaho, USA

Middle Miocene to Holocene tectonics, basin evolution, and paleogeography along the southern margin of the Snake River Plain in the Knoll Mountain–Ruby–East Humboldt Range region, northeastern Nevada and south-central Idaho

Mecanismos eruptivos y procesos depositacionales del Grupo Choiyoi en el área de Las Caletas, Cordillera Frontal de San Juan, Argentina

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