Geochemical characteristics of thermal waters of Hrvatsko zagorje

Marković, Tamara; Borović, Staša; Larva, Ozren

doi:10.4154/gc.2015.05

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Furthermore, the Topusko area is located at the southwest margin of the Pannonian Basin System, sharing its favourable geothermal characteristics connected to back-arc crustal thinning. In the Croatian part of the Pannonian basin, natural thermal water springs emerge at two dozen localities, with temperatures up to 58 • C [24,33].…”

Section: Geological and Hydrogeological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidisciplinary Research of Thermal Springs Area in Topusko (Croatia)

et al. 2023

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Topusko is the second warmest natural thermal water spring area in Croatia, located at the southwest edge of the Pannonian Basin System. Due to favourable geothermal properties, these waters have been used for heating and health and recreational tourism since the 1980s. Thermal springs with temperatures up to 50 °C are the final part of an intermediate-scale hydrothermal system. However, systematic research on the Topusko spring area has not been conducted to lay the foundation for sustainable resource utilisation. Multidisciplinary research including the hydrogeochemical characterisation of naturally emerging thermal water, an electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) investigation conducted to reconstruct the subsurface geology, and hydrogeological parametrisation of the geothermal aquifer was carried out to refine the existing local conceptual model. The results show Ca-HCO3 facies of Topusko thermal waters, which get heated in a Mesozoic carbonate aquifer. The water equilibrium temperature in the geothermal aquifer is estimated to be 78 °C based on the SiO2-quartz geothermometer. The fault damage zone, which enables the upwelling of thermal water, was identified by ERT investigations. The transmissivity values of the aquifer derived from the results of step-drawdown tests range from 1.8 × 10−2 to 2.3 × 10−2 m2/s. Further multidisciplinary research is necessary to improve the existing conceptual model of the Topusko hydrothermal system.

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Section: Geological and Hydrogeological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidisciplinary Research of Thermal Springs Area in Topusko (Croatia)

et al. 2023

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“…Croatia is particularly rich in geothermal resources due to favorable geological, hydrogeological, and thermal conditions resulting in numerous thermal and subthermal springs [40,41]. Most of these springs are situated in northern and eastern parts of the country, which are a part of the Pannonian Basin System (PBS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reconstruction of Fault Architecture in the Natural Thermal Spring Area of Daruvar Hydrothermal System Using Surface Geophysical Investigations (Croatia)

et al. 2023

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The sustainable utilization of geothermal energy mostly depends on the characteristics of the geothermal resource from which it is extracted. Among others, detailed geological modeling is a key factor for estimating the potential of a geothermal resource. This research focuses on the modeling and reconstruction of the geological setting of the Daruvar thermal spring area using geophysical techniques. An integrated geophysical approach based on electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and both active and passive seismic (MASW and HVSR) methods was used. Based on ERT results and the stratigraphic logs of the wells in Daruvar, three resistivity layers/geological units were identified. The deepest layer with resistivity < 150 Ωm is the Triassic carbonate that constitutes the thermal aquifer. Sharp lateral variations in the resistivity distributions within the bedrock were interpreted as fault damage zones saturated with thermal waters. Integrating the results of the seismic methods, the thickness of the first seismic layer that corresponds to the Quaternary cover was estimated from 5 to 20 m. Here, results of the geophysical investigations were combined into a 3D geological model highlighting the occurrence of subvertical N-S and E-W trending faults in the Daruvar spring area. The N-S-trending fault was interpreted as a fault plane parallel to the regionally mapped Daruvar fault. This fault juxtaposes the Triassic carbonate complex of the thermal aquifer with a Neogene sedimentary sequence of significantly lower permeability. Neogene–Quaternary tectonic activity further increased the fracturing and the permeability field in the Daruvar spring area, as proven by the smaller scale E-W faults and the well logs. This fracture network permits a quick upwelling of thermal fluids resulting in thermal springs with temperatures up to 50 °C. This work proves that the construction of a detailed geological model is crucial for assessing the reservoir and fault geometries in thermal systems hosted in fractured carbonate rocks.

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“…Natural waters acquire their chemical characteristics both by dissolution and by chemical reactions with solids, liquids and gases, with which they come into contact during the various phases of the hydrological cycle [1]. The chemical composition of groundwater is often used to investigate groundwater residence time, origin, flow direction and anthropogenic or natural contamination [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. The variation in the major cations and anions of groundwater can be controlled by dissolution and precipitation of minerals, oxidation-reduction reactions, sorption and exchange reactions, and transformation of organic matter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Characteristics of Alluvial Aquifer in the Varaždin Region

Karlović

Marković

Miko

et al. 2021

Water

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The variation in the major groundwater chemistry can be controlled by dissolution and precipitation of minerals, oxidation-reduction reactions, sorption and exchange reactions, and transformation of organic matter, but it can also occur as a result of anthropogenic influence. The alluvial aquifer represents the main source of potable water for public water supply of the town Varaždin and the surrounding settlements. Sampling campaigns were carried out from June 2017 until June 2019 to collect groundwater samples from nine observation wells. Major cations and anions, dissolved organic carbon and nutrients were analyzed in the Hydrochemical Laboratory of Croatian Geological survey. The sampled waters belong to the CaMg-HCO3 hydrochemical type, except the water from observation well P-4039 that belongs to NaCa-HCO3 hydrochemical type. It was identified that groundwater chemistry is mainly controlled by hydrogeological environment (natural mechanism), but anthropogenic influence is not negligible. The results of this research have significant implications on sustainable coexistence between agricultural production and water supply.

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Geochemical characteristics of thermal waters of Hrvatsko zagorje

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Multidisciplinary Research of Thermal Springs Area in Topusko (Croatia)

Multidisciplinary Research of Thermal Springs Area in Topusko (Croatia)

Reconstruction of Fault Architecture in the Natural Thermal Spring Area of Daruvar Hydrothermal System Using Surface Geophysical Investigations (Croatia)

Geochemical Characteristics of Alluvial Aquifer in the Varaždin Region

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