Geochemical and U–Pb zircon age characterization of granites of the Bathani Volcano Sedimentary sequence, Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex, eastern India: vestiges of the Nuna supercontinent in the Central Indian Tectonic Zone

Abstract

The Central Indian Tectonic Zone (CITZ) marks the suture zone where the North and South Indian cratonic blocks amalgamated to form the Greater Indian Landmass (GIL). It consists of three broad domains from west to east: the central CITZ occupying the central region of mainland India juxtaposed between two mobile belts, namely the Sausar Mobile Belt (SMB) in the south and the Mahakoshal Mobile Belt (MMB) in the north; the Chotanagpur Granite Gneiss Complex (CGGC) lying east of the main CITZ; and the easternmost Shillong Plateau Gneissic Complex (SPGC). The studied granites are from the Bathani Volcano Sedimentary sequence (BVSs) from the northern margin of the CGGC. These are high-K, calc-alkaline, I-type granites related to arc magmatism and are interpreted to have formed by partial melting of an igneous source at upper-crustal depths. The granitic magma underwent extensive fractional crystallization of plagioclase, biotite, K-feldspar and ilmenite during emplacement. The U–Pb (ID-TIMS) zircon emplacement age is c. 1.7–1.6 Ga for these granites. This episode of magmatism can be correlated to the global event of the Nuna supercontinent assembly also reported from the MMB of the central CITZ. We infer that the BVSs is the eastern continuation of the MMB of the central CITZ.

The geological evolution of the Gangpur Schist Belt, eastern India: Constraints on the formation of the Greater Indian Landmass in the Proterozoic

“…1.60 Ga (Dasgupta, Bose, & Das, ; Harley, Fitzsimons, & Zhao, ; Upadhyay, Gerdes, & Raith, ). Broadly, coeval orogenic events and accompanying felsic magmatism between 1.72 and 1.55 Ga have been reported from several other Proterozoic mobile belts of Peninsular India such as the GSB (present study), the North Singhbhum Mobile Belt (Mahato et al., ; Reddy & Evans, ; Rekha et al., ; Sengupta et al., ), the Aravalli–Delhi Mobile Belt (Bhowmik, Saha, Dasgupta, & Fukuoka, ; Bhowmik et al., ; Buick, Allen, Pandit, Rubatto, & Hermann, ; Saha, Bhowmik, Fukuoka, & Dasgupta, ; Sarkar, Ray Barman, & Corfu, ), the CGC (Chatterjee & Ghose, 2011; Dey et al., ; Rekha et al., ; Sanyal & Sengupta, ; Saikia et al., ), and the Shillong–Meghalaya plateau (Chatterjee et al., ; Yin et al., ). Clearly, these continental fragments of the Northern and Southern Indian Blocks share a common 1.72–1.55 Ga geological history which supports the idea that at least these units may already have been stitched together by the early Mesoproterozoic.…”

“…() obtained zircon ages of 1,758–1,750 Ma for the Jhirgadandi granite pluton in Mahakosal belt, while Saikia et al. () reported ages of 1.70–1.60 Ga for granites from the Bathani Volcano Sedimentary sequence at the northern margin of the CGC. The granitoid magmatism was followed by deformation and migmatization of the plutons to produce charnockitic gneisses in an arc setting (Dey et al., ; Rekha et al., ; Sanyal & Sengupta, ).…”

“…The terrane has a polychronous evolutionary history involving granitic and charno‐enderbitic magmatism at 1.70–1.64 Ga and c . 45 Ga respectively (Mukherjee et al., ; Saikia et al., ), granulite facies metamorphism and partial melting at c . 1.65 and c .…”

The current status of orogenesis in the Central Indian Tectonic Zone: A view from its Southern Margin

“…(d) Finally, can the Proterozoic sedimentary record in the Indian shield be taken as a marker event to delink the Early Mesoproterozoic orogenesis from the Columbia event? It is now well recognized that the Late Palaeoproterozoic to Early Mesoproterozoic orogenesis, often producing granulite‐facies rocks is an integral feature of the Indian Shield (Sarkar, Ray Barman, & Corfu, ; Dasgupta, Guha, Sengupta, Miura, & Ehl, ; Buick, Allen, Pandit, Rubatto, & Hermann, ; Chatterjee et al, ; Chatterjee, Mazumder, Bhattacharya, & Saikia, ; Saha, Bhowmik, Fukuoka, & Dasgupta, ; Kaur, Chaudhri, Racsek, Kroner, & Hofmann, ; Kaur, Zeh, & Chaudhri, ; Bhowmik et al, , , , ; Upadhyay, Gerdes, & Raith, ; Bhandari et al, ; Bose, Dunkley, Dasgupta, Das, & Arima, ; Rekha et al, ; Vijaya Kumar, Leelanandam, & Ernst, ; Bhowmik & Dasgupta, ; Sanyal & Sengupta, ; Dharma Rao, Santosh, & Chmielowski, ; Dasgupta, Bose, Bhowmik, & Sengupta, ; Dasgupta, Bose, & Das, ; Bora, Kumar, Yi, Kim, & Lee, ; Henderson, Collins, Payne, Forbes, & Saha, ; Sarkar, Schenk, & Berndt, ; Sarkar, Schenka, Appel, Berndt, & Sengupta, ; Ozha et al, ; Dey et al, ; Saikia et al, ) and also former Gondwanaland (Cutts, Hand, & Kelsey, ; Cutts, Kelsey, & Hand, ; Gibson, Rubenach, Neumann, Southgate, & Hutton, ) and Laurentian fragments (Nunn, Gower, & Thomas, ; Gower, Schurer, & Heaman, ; Gower, ; Connelly, Rivers, & James, ; Wardle, Gower, & Kerr, ; Wardle, Ryan, Philippe, & Schärer, ; Åhäll & Gower, ; Åhäll, Persson, & Skiöld, ). Therefore, it can be safely stated that orogenesis in this time period was more widespread than previously recognized.…”

“…See text for further details. Data sources are as follows: SMB: Ahmad et al, ; Bhowmik, ; Bhandari et al, ; Bhowmik et al, , , , ; Chattopadhyay et al, , ; Bhowmik & Chakraborty, ; MB: Bora et al, ; Deshmukh, Prabhakar, Bhattacharya, & Madhavan, ; Khanna et al, ; Saikia et al, ; CGC: Chatterjee et al, ; Maji et al, ; Rekha et al, ; Chatterjee & Ghose, ; Karmakar et al, ; Sanyal & Sengupta, ; Dey et al, ; Mukherjee et al, ; Mukherjee, Dey, Ibanez‐Mejia, et al, ; Mukherjee, Dey, Sanyal, & Sengupta, ; NSMB: Roy, Sarkar, Jeyakumar, Aggrawal, & Ebihara, ; Mahato, Goon, Bhattacharya, Mishra, & Bernhardt, ; Reddy, Clark, & Mazumder, ; GSB: Chakraborty et al, ; Vindhyan basin: Ray, Martin, Veizer, & Bowring, ; Rasmussen et al, ; Bickford et al, [Colour figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]…”