Geochemical and stable isotope studies on natural water in the Taroko Gorge karst area, Taiwan—chemical weathering of carbonate rocks by deep source CO2 and sulfuric acid

Yoshimura, Kazuhisa; Nakao, Shihomi; Noto, Masami; Inokura, Youji; Urata, Kensaku; Chen, M.; Lin, P.

doi:10.1016/s0009-2541(00)00423-x

Cited by 63 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…δ 13 C data, when reported, was included in the database (Supplement information) because it can be used to determine the source of CO 2 , degassing processes and to identify the influence of redox processes. Some studies reported water chemistry data from hot or cold springs where CO 2 from deep sources and hydrothermal processes is likely (Chiodini et al, 1999;Herman and Lorah, 1987;Kohfahl et al, 2008;Yoshimura et al, 2004;Yoshimura et al, 2001). In this case, the pCO 2 in the soil-rock system is not representative of the soil CO 2 produced by the ecosystems.…”

Section: Spring Water Chemistry and Data Filteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spring samples with high δ 13 C and alkalinity may be the result of the dissolution of calcite under the influence of CO 2 from deep sources, or reaction of calcite with strong acids (Li et al, 2008;Yoshimura et al, 2004;Yoshimura et al, 2001), as implied by a generally lower pH values in Fig. 4b.…”

Section: Stable Carbon Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fast calcite dissolution implies that equilibrium is easily reached with respect to a given pCO 2 (Dreybrodt et al, 1996;Reddy et al, 1981) without expecting fast calcite precipitation due CO 2 degassing in the spring water (Szramek and Walter, 2004). As a consequence, the alkalinity in spring water presents the spatio-temporal variation of CO 2 of its catchment source system (Calmels et al, 2014;Yoshimura et al, 2001). In that way, the concentration of chemical species resulting from carbonate weathering might be a good parameter to forecast the soil pCO 2 in a soil-carbonate rock-system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecosystem controlled soil-rock pCO2 and carbonate weathering – Constraints by temperature and soil water content

et al. 2019

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A B S T R A C TCarbonate dissolution in soil-groundwater systems depends dominantly on pH, temperature and the saturation state of the solution with respect to abundant minerals. The pH of the solution is, in general, controlled by partial pressure of CO 2 (pCO 2 ) produced by ecosystem respiration, which is controlled by temperature and water availability. In order to better understand the control of land temperature on carbonate weathering, a database of published spring water hydrogeochemistry was built and analysed. Assuming that spring water is in equilibrium with the soil-water-rock-atmosphere, the soil pCO 2 can be back-calculated. Based on a database of spring water chemistry, the average soil-rock CO 2 was calculated by an inverse model framework and a strong relationship with temperature was observed. The identified relationship suggests a temperature control on carbonate weathering as a result of variations in soil-rock pCO 2 , which is itself controlled by ecosystem respiration processes. The findings are relevant for global scale analysis of carbonate weathering and carbon fluxes to the ocean, because concentration of weathering products from the soil-rock-system into the river system in humid, high temperature regions, are suggested to be larger than in low temperature regions. Furthermore, results suggest that, in specific spring samples, the hydrochemical evolution of rain water percolating through the soilrock complex can best be described by an open system with pCO 2 controlled by the ecosystem. Abundance of evaporites and pyrite sources influence significantly the chemistry of spring water and corrections must be taken into account in order to implement the inverse model framework presented in this study. Annual surface temperature and soil water content were identified as suitable variables to develop the parameterization of soil-rock pCO 2 , mechanistically consistent with soil respiration rate findings.

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Section: Spring Water Chemistry and Data Filteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stable Carbon Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecosystem controlled soil-rock pCO2 and carbonate weathering – Constraints by temperature and soil water content

et al. 2019

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“…However, in addition to CO 2 , the anthropogenic-sourced proton (e.g., H 2 SO 4 and HNO 3 ) is well documented as significant proton providers in rock weathering processes (Galy and France-Lanord, 1999;Karim and Veizer, 2000;Yoshimura et al, 2001;Han and Liu, 2004;Spence and Telmer, 2005;Lerman and Wu, 2006;Liu, 2007, 2010;Perrin et al, 2008;Gandois et al, 2011). Sulfuric acid can be generated by natural oxidation of pyrite and anthropogenic emissions of SO 2 from coal combustion and subsequently dissolve carbonate and silicate minerals.…”

Section: Co 2 Consumption and The Role Of Sulfuric Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemistry of the dissolved loads during high-flow season of rivers in the southeastern coastal region of China: anthropogenic impact on chemical weathering and carbon sequestration

Liu

Sun

et al. 2018

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. The southeastern coastal region is one of the most developed and populated areas in China. Meanwhile, it has been severely impacted by acid rain over many years. The chemical compositions and carbon isotope compositions of dissolved inorganic carbon (δ 13 C DIC ) in river water in the high-flow season were investigated to estimate the chemical weathering and associated atmospheric CO 2 consumption rates as well as the acid-deposition disturbance. Mass balance calculations indicated that the dissolved loads of major rivers in the Southeast Coastal River Basin (SECRB) were contributed to by atmospheric (14.3 %, 6.6 %-23.4 %), anthropogenic (15.7 %, 0 %-41.1 %), silicate weathering (39.5 %, 17.8 %-74.0 %) and carbonate weathering inputs (30.6 %, 3.9 %-62.0 %). The silicate and carbonate chemical weathering rates for these river watersheds were 14.2-35.8 and 1.8-52.1 t km −2 a −1 , respectively. The associated mean CO 2 consumption rate by silicate weathering for the whole SECRB was 191 × 10 3 mol km −2 a −1 . The chemical and δ 13 C DIC evidence indicated that sulfuric and nitric acid (mainly from acid deposition) were significantly involved in the chemical weathering of rocks. There was an overestimation of CO 2 consumption at 0.19 × 10 12 g C a −1 if sulfuric and nitric acid were ignored, which accounted for about 33.6 % of the total CO 2 consumption by silicate weathering in the SECRB. This study quantitatively highlights the role of acid deposition in chemical weathering, suggesting that the anthropogenic impact should be seriously considered in estimations of chemical weathering and associated CO 2 consumption.

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“…22,23) The average value of the carbon isotope ratio of plants and that of carbonate (δ 13 C = +2.7 ± 1.0‰ for Akiyoshi Limestone 24) ) were recorded in the stalagmites. 14,25) Therefore, the variations in δ 13 C of the speleothems can be used to reflect changes in the nature and extent of the vegetation cover, [26][27][28][29] because the carbon of ions produced by the dissolution is supplied from CaCO3 and CO2. The isotopic fractionation when a stalagmite precipitates from drip water containing is about +3‰, 4,30) and therefore, the forest vegetation shows −12 to −7‰, while the grassland vegetation is −4 to −1‰ in the stalagmite.…”

Section: Stable Carbon Isotope Ratiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfide Ore Smelting at the Naganobori Copper Mine Recorded on Speleothems from the Ogiri No. 4 Pit on the Akiyoshi-dai Plateau, Yamaguchi, Japan

et al. 2014

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Geochemical and stable isotope studies on natural water in the Taroko Gorge karst area, Taiwan—chemical weathering of carbonate rocks by deep source CO2 and sulfuric acid

Cited by 63 publications

References 11 publications

Ecosystem controlled soil-rock pCO2 and carbonate weathering – Constraints by temperature and soil water content

Ecosystem controlled soil-rock pCO2 and carbonate weathering – Constraints by temperature and soil water content

Geochemistry of the dissolved loads during high-flow season of rivers in the southeastern coastal region of China: anthropogenic impact on chemical weathering and carbon sequestration

Sulfide Ore Smelting at the Naganobori Copper Mine Recorded on Speleothems from the Ogiri No. 4 Pit on the Akiyoshi-dai Plateau, Yamaguchi, Japan

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