Geochemical and mineralogical data for soils of the conterminous United States

Smith, Bruce; Cannon, William F.; Woodruff, Laurel G.; Solano, Federico; Kilburn, J.E.; Fey, D.L.

doi:10.3133/ds801

Cited by 149 publications

(206 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Using a generalized random tessellation stratified design for sample site selection, 4,857 sample sites (~1 site per 1,600 km 2 ) were utilized for the USGS North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project, and 209 of those sites were utilized in this study [14]. In a major geochemical mapping project such as this, the quality of chemical analyses is of utmost importance.…”

Section: Sample Sites and Geochemical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Quality control samples (RMs and analytical duplicates) constituted approximately 12% of the total number of samples analyzed. A complete discussion of the QC protocols used in this project, including detailed tables of bias and precision, is given in Smith et al (2013) [14].…”

Section: Sample Sites and Geochemical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In short, the <2-mm fraction of each sample that was collected from a depth of 0 to 5 cm below the soil surface was analyzed for aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), mercury (Hg), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na), sulfur (S), titanium (Ti), silver (Ag), barium (Ba), beryllium (Be), bismuth (Bi), cadmium (Cd), cerium (Ce), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), cesium (Cs), copper (Cu), gallium (Ga), indium (In), lanthanum (La), lithium (Li), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), nickel (Ni), phosphorus (P), lead (Pb), rubidium (Rb), antimony (Sb), scandium (Sc), selenium (Se), tin (Sn), strontium (Sr), tellurium (Te), thorium (Th), thallium (Tl), uranium (U), vanadium (V), tungsten (W), yttrium (Y) and zinc (Zn) [14]. Elemental concentrations were reported as weight percent (wt % = Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Ti and S) or milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) [14].…”

Section: Sample Sites and Geochemical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elemental concentrations were reported as weight percent (wt % = Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, Ti and S) or milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) [14]. Figure 1 illustrates state counties reporting outbreaks or cases of anthrax in agricultural animals/wildlife since 2000 (red counties).…”

Section: Sample Sites and Geochemical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…State county outbreak and case data were compiled from state animal health organizations and the National Animal Health Reporting System [18]. Geochemical sample sites (USGS Geochemical Landscape Project sample site numbers presented in data tables [14]) were chosen within each county ( Table 1 …”

Section: Sample Sites and Geochemical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anthrax and the Geochemistry of Soils in the Contiguous United States

et al. 2014

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Soil geochemical data from sample sites in counties that reported occurrences of anthrax in wildlife and livestock since 2000 were evaluated against counties within the same states (MN, MT, ND, NV, OR, SD and TX) that did not report occurrences. These data identified the elements, calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P) and strontium (Sr), as having statistically significant differences in concentrations between county type (anthrax occurrence versus no occurrence). Tentative threshold values of the lowest concentrations of each of these elements (Ca = 0.43 wt %, Mn = 142 mg/kg, P = 180 mg/kg and Sr = 51 mg/kg) and average concentrations (Ca = 1.3 wt %, Mn = 463 mg/kg, P = 580 mg/kg and Sr = 170 mg/kg) were identified from anthrax-positive counties as OPEN ACCESSGeosciences 2014, 4 115 prospective investigative tools in determining whether an outbreak had "potential" or was "likely" at any given geographic location in the contiguous United States.

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Section: Sample Sites and Geochemical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Sites and Geochemical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Sites and Geochemical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Sites and Geochemical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Sites and Geochemical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Anthrax and the Geochemistry of Soils in the Contiguous United States

et al. 2014

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Importance of vegetation for manganese cycling in temperate forested watersheds

Herndon

Andrews

Eissenstat

et al. 2015

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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Many surface soils are enriched in metals due to anthropogenic atmospheric inputs. To predict the persistence of these contaminants in soils, factors that impact rates of metal removal from soils into streams must be understood. Experiments at containerized seedling (mesocosm), pedon, and catchment scales were used to investigate the influence of vegetation on manganese (Mn) transport at the Susquehanna/Shale Hills Critical Zone Observatory (SSHCZO) in Pennsylvania, USA, where past atmospheric inputs from industrial sources have enriched Mn in surface soils. Large quantities of Mn that were leached from soil components into solution were taken up by vegetation; as a result, only relatively small quantities of Mn were removed from soil into effluent and streams. Manganese uptake into vegetation exceeded Mn losses in soil leachate by 20-200X at all scales, and net Mn loss from soils decreased in the presence of vegetation due to uptake into plant tissues. The majority of Mn taken up by forest vegetation at SSHCZO each year was returned to the soil in leaf litter and consequently immobilized as Mn oxides that formed during litter decomposition. Thus, plant uptake of Mn combined with rapid oxidation of Mn during litter decomposition contribute to long-term retention. Current release rates of soluble Mn from SSHCZO soils were similar to release rates from the larger Susquehanna River Basin, indicating that the processes observed at SSHCZO may be widespread across the region. Indeed, although atmospheric deposition of Mn has declined, surface soils at SSHCZO and throughout the eastern United States remain enriched in Mn. If recycling through vegetation can attenuate the removal of Mn from soils, as observed in this study, then Mn concentrations in soils and river waters will likely decrease slowly over time following watershed contamination. Understanding the role of vegetation in regulating metal transport is important for evaluating the long-term effects of historical and ongoing metal loading to soils.

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Regional Variability of Nitrate Fluxes in the Unsaturated Zone and Groundwater, Wisconsin, USA

Green

Liao

Nolan

et al. 2018

Water Resources Research

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Process‐based modeling of regional NO3– fluxes to groundwater is critical for understanding and managing water quality, but the complexity of NO3– reactive transport processes makes implementation a challenge. This study introduces a regional vertical flux method (VFM) for efficient estimation of reactive transport of NO3– in the vadose zone and groundwater. The regional VFM was applied to 443 well samples in central‐eastern Wisconsin. Chemical measurements included O2, NO3–, N2 from denitrification, and atmospheric tracers of groundwater age including carbon‐14, chlorofluorocarbons, tritium, and tritiogenic helium. VFM results were consistent with observed chemistry, and calibrated parameters were in‐line with estimates from previous studies. Results indicated that (1) unsaturated zone travel times were a substantial portion of the transit time to wells and streams, (2) since 1945 fractions of applied N leached to groundwater have increased for manure‐N, possibly due to increased injection of liquid manure, and decreased for fertilizer‐N, and (3) under current practices and conditions, approximately 60% of the shallow aquifer will eventually be affected by downward migration of NO3–, with denitrification protecting the remaining 40%. Recharge variability strongly affected the unsaturated zone lag times and the eventual depth of the NO3– front. Principal components regression demonstrated that VFM parameters and predictions were significantly correlated with hydrogeochemical landscape features. The diverse and sometimes conflicting aspects of N management (e.g., limiting N volatilization versus limiting N losses to groundwater) warrant continued development of large‐scale holistic strategies to manage water quality and quantity.

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Geochemical and mineralogical data for soils of the conterminous United States

Cited by 149 publications

References 15 publications

Anthrax and the Geochemistry of Soils in the Contiguous United States

Anthrax and the Geochemistry of Soils in the Contiguous United States

Importance of vegetation for manganese cycling in temperate forested watersheds

Regional Variability of Nitrate Fluxes in the Unsaturated Zone and Groundwater, Wisconsin, USA

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