Geochemical analyses of water and public health of the Mangueirão and Salso Streams in Caçapava do Sul, RS, Brazil

Abstract

Caçapava do Sul, RS, Brazil produces 80% of the State's rock-dust, and its 1st district is located near four marble quarries. A significant increase in Brazilian mineral extraction has caused serious environmental problems, such as the development and proliferation of diseases directly related to water resources. This study sought to investigate the water composition in the 1st district area. Geochemical investigation revealed waters classified as soft and hard, neutral and alkaline pH. Electric conductivity ranged from 95.7 to 548 μs cm -1 , and total alkalinity ranged from 57 to 241 mg L -1 . Ca and Mg ranged from 6.01 to 54.1 and from 4.6 to 32.75, respectively. All measured values met the potability standards for human consumption established by Ordinance Nos. 2914 (2011), 36-GM/1990, and1469/2000. Keywords: environmental, mining, water. Composição geoquímica da água e saúde pública dos arroiosMangueirão e Salso em Caçapava do Sul, RS, Brasil RESUMO O município de Caçapava do Sul é responsável por 80% da produção de pó de rocha do estado, e seu 1° distrito se localiza no entorno de quatro mineradoras de mármore. O aumento significativo da extração mineral no Brasil implica em sérios problemas ambientais. Um desses fatores é o desenvolvimento e a proliferação de patologias diretamente relacionadas aos recursos hídricos. A proposta desse estudo foi investigar a composição da água na área do 1º distrito. A investigação geoquímica das águas revelou águas classificadas como mole e duras, com pH neutro e alcalino. A condutividade elétrica varia de 95,7 a 548 μs cm -1

Water Quality Assessment through PCA Analysis

“…At Jaguari stream, it varied between 18.27 and 41.31 mg L -1 . Comparing these results to those found by [22], where results show 1.07 mg L -1 and, also, [21] where the result show 11.20 mg L -1 both for the calcium, accordingly, the tenor of calcium calculated in this study was ~2.6 and ~2.5 times bigger. Fig.…”

“…4). The presented data does not deviate from Rio Grande do Sul and Brazil's average hardness on urban and rural waters [20], [21].…”

“…The physico-chemical characteristics of the water are a reflection of the means by which they are percolated. Aside from the lithologic aspects, the existing amount of dissolved salts reflects the variation of geochemical behavior as a whole [21]. Thus, a close relationship is expected between the composition of the water and the rocks surrounding the investigated area, as well as of the influence anthropic activity.…”

Untitled

“…The total hardness results of the samples showed elevated variation, with values between 14.29 and 88.77 mg L -1 of CaCO3 (Table 1), allowing the classification of these waters between soft and intermediary (Sawyer et al, 2000). The data presented corroborate the hardness ratings for urban and rural waters of Rio Grande do Sul State and Brazil (Steffens et al, 2015;Gomes et al, 2017;2018a;2018b), and are within the standards of Ordinance N º. 1469 (Anvisa, 2001).…”