Geoarchaeology and tropical forest soil catenas of northwestern Belize

Beach, Timothy; Ulmer, Austin; Cook, Duncan; Brennan, Michael L.; Luzzadder–Beach, Sheryl; Doyle, Colin; Eshleman, Sara; Krause, Samantha; Cortes-Rincon, Marisol; Terry, Richard E.

doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2017.02.031

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Koning et al (2003) en la cordillera de los andes ecuatoriano también encontraron suelos de textura fina que reduce el contenido de CO a medida que disminuye la pendiente y aumenta la profundidad de muestreo. Por otra parte, el contenido de arcilla afecta de forma positiva al almacenamiento de CO (Ruiz Potma Goncalves et al, 2017), aunque los valores de arcilla aumentaron en 30-40 cm, se observó una relación inversa en los usos del suelo banano y cacao joven, donde el carbono disminuyó, resultados encontrados en otras investigaciones con pendientes > 20% (Beach et al, 2018;de Blécourt et al, 2017;Singh y Benbi, 2018). Los niveles de COS almacenados mostraron diferencias significativas en todos los usos de suelo por profundidad (Figura 3).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

El Efecto de diversos atributos topográficos sobre el carbono orgánico en varios usos del suelo

Unda

2021

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El objetivo de este estudio fue: cuantificar la cantidad de carbono orgánico del suelo (COS) almacenado en tres profundidades y relacionar varios atributos topográficos sobre la densidad del COS en el sitio El Progreso, provincia El Oro-Ecuador. El estudio se realizó en cuatro usos del suelo: banano, cacao joven, cacao maduro y cacao viejo, con valoresde COS entre cero a 0,10 m de 25,6 g kg, 35,8 g kg, 13,2 g kg y 10,5 g kg respetivamente, y las clases textural predominante son: franco arcillo limosa (0-0,10 cm) y franco arcillosa (0,30-0,40 cm). En cada suelo se delimitó 1 ha para tomar muestras de suelo a: cuatro profundidades cada 10 cm. Los atributos topográficos: area drenada (AS), factor de transporte de sedimentos (LS) y humedad del suelo (WTI), fueron tomados de un modelo de elevación digital (MDE) con una resolución de 12x12m. Los rangos de COS disminuyeron desde parte media de la zona en estudio (banano 38,4-8,1 Mg ha-1; cacao joven 36,20-10,50 Mg ha-1; cacao viejo 13,80-0,94 Mg ha-1) con mayor pendiente (10 a 20 %) hacia la parte baja (cacao maduro 18.80-08.40 Mg ha-1). El uso de suelo cacao joven mostró el mayor valor de AS (10 286,5) y en LS (11,44). También se determinó diferencias significativas con el factor LS por cultivo y se correlacionó con el total de COS. Por tanto, LS (escorrentia) es el atributo topográfico que más influyo en el almacenamiento de COS.

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Section: Resultsunclassified

El Efecto de diversos atributos topográficos sobre el carbono orgánico en varios usos del suelo

Unda

2021

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“…Such horizons, marking the human exploitation including burning of formerly forested landscapes, have a worldwide occurrence. But they are, surprisingly, a rarely documented phenomenon both in prehistory and history (e.g., Alexandrovskiy, Ershova, Ponomarenko, Krenke, & Skripkin, ; Beach et al, ; Bishop et al, ; Certini & Scalenghe, ; Herrmann, ; Innes, Blackford, & Simmons, ; Kaal et al, ; Kaiser, Opgenoorth, Schoch, & Miehe, ; Ponomarenko, Tomson, Ershova, & Bakumenko, ; Portenga, Bishop, Gore, & Westaway, ; Williams, ). For the first time such horizons with in situ trees dating into the early to high medieval period could be demonstrated by means of our records for the central European uplands.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cut and covered: Subfossil trees in buried soils reflect medieval forest composition and exploitation of the central European uplands

et al. 2019

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Knowledge of historic changes in vegetation, relief, and soil is key in understanding how the uplands in central Europe have changed during the last millennium, being an essential requirement for measures on forest conversion and nature conservation in that area. Evidence of forest‐clearing horizons from the medieval period could be systematically documented at four low‐ to mid‐altitudinal sites (360–640 meters above mean sea level) in the Harz (Harz Mountains), Erzgebirge (Ore Mountains), and Českomoravská vrchovina (Bohemian‐Moravian Highlands). Subfossil trees with traces of human cutmarks and burning were recovered from buried wet‐organic soils (paleosols) within a context of mining and settlement archaeology, applying a multiproxy‐approach by using data from archaeology, paleobotany, geochronology, dendrochronology, and pedology. Tree stumps and trunks, as well as small‐scale wood remains represent an in situ record of local conifer stands (spruce, fir, and pine). Some deciduous tree taxa also occur. Dating of the tree remains yielded ages from the 10th/11th to the 13th/14th centuries A.D. After deforestation, the tree remains were buried by technogenic and alluvial–colluvial deposits. The reconstructed conifer‐dominated woodlands on wet soils mirror the local vegetation structure immediately before the medieval deforestation. As such wet sites are common in the uplands, conifers were significantly present in the natural vegetation even at mid and lower altitudes.

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“…Replacement of native vegetation by crops, surface mining, and settlement can, intentionally and unintentionally, change the natural geomorphological and hydrological processes, frequently resulting in land degradation (Styger, Rakotondramasy, Pfeffer, Fernandes, & Bates, ; Tarolli & Sofia, ; Turkelboom, Poesen, & Trébuil, ; Valentin et al, ; Vanacker, Govers, Barros, Poesen, & Deckers, ). These human–landscape interactions leave imprints on the natural landscape in the form of new landforms and modification of natural ones (Goudie, ; Latocha, ; Mueller, Joyce, Borejsza, & Goman, ; Smith, Paron, & Griffiths, ; Szabó, Dávid, & Lóczy, ; Tarolli & Sofia, ) as well as changes in the sediment grain‐size composition and spatial variability (Beach, Luzzadder‐Beach, et al, ; Beach, Ulmer, et al, ; Hooke, ; Syvitski, Vörösmarty, Kettner, & Green, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphological and sedimentological indicators of land degradation (Meghalaya Plateau, NE India)

2018

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Replacement of forests by cultivation in hilly regions can dramatically increase overland flow and soil erosion, frequently resulting in land degradation. This study aimed to determine the impact of long‐term human activity and natural geomorphic processes in land degradation of 2 catchments located in the Meghalaya Plateau in northeast India. Both catchments are built by deeply weathered granites with hilly topography but have contrasting land uses. Forested catchment (1.5 ha) is covered by natural deciduous forest, whereas deforested catchment (3.5 ha) is affected by slash and burn cultivation and boulder extraction. Detailed geomorphological mapping and sediment pattern analysis revealed a complex anthropogenic role in land degradation. Human activity contributes directly to the creation of new landforms in the deforested catchment and indirectly by influencing the course and intensity of geomorphological processes, masking the pre‐existing natural relief. Discontinuous agricultural terraces, zero‐order valleys, and furrows created coexisting cascade system and direct connectivity of water and sediment transport within the same slope. Higher content of fine‐grained material and lower content of boulders in the deforested catchment reflect overlapping of 2 traditional occupations of the local population: agriculture and selective boulders extraction, respectively. Human activity combined with accelerated erosion of abundant weathered material led to the transformation of incised valley bottom into flat accumulation plain as well as the extension and aggradation of the alluvial fan. This process increased the proportion of flat landforms favourable for cultivating the deforested catchment under growing population pressure.

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Geoarchaeology and tropical forest soil catenas of northwestern Belize

Cited by 20 publications

References 43 publications

El Efecto de diversos atributos topográficos sobre el carbono orgánico en varios usos del suelo

El Efecto de diversos atributos topográficos sobre el carbono orgánico en varios usos del suelo

Cut and covered: Subfossil trees in buried soils reflect medieval forest composition and exploitation of the central European uplands

Geomorphological and sedimentological indicators of land degradation (Meghalaya Plateau, NE India)

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