Geoacoustic provinces of the northern South China Sea based on sound speed as predicted from sediment grain sizes

Tian, Yuhang; Chen, Zhong; Luo, Yunjian; Xu, Antao; Yan, Wen

doi:10.1007/s11001-019-09387-5

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Chl a content was measured based on described by Wang et al (2022) . The grain-size components of samples were analyzed using a laser particle sizer (Malvern Mastersizer 2000) as previously described ( Tian et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocrust reduces the soil erodibility of coral calcareous sand by regulating microbial community and extracellular polymeric substances on tropical coral island, South China Sea

Wang,

Huang,

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Tropical coral islands assume a pivotal role in the conservation of oceanic ecosystem biodiversity. However, their distinctive environmental attributes and limited vegetation render them highly susceptible to soil erosion. The biological soil crust (biocrust), owing to its significant ecological role in soil stabilization and erosion prevention, is deemed an effective means of mitigating soil erosion on coral island. However, existing research on the mechanisms through which biocrusts resist soil erosion has predominantly concentrated on arid and semi-arid regions. Consequently, this study will specifically delve into elucidating the erosion-resistant mechanisms of biocrusts in tropical coral island environments, South China Sea. Specifically, we collected 16 samples of biocrusts and bare soil from Meiji Island. High-throughput amplicon sequencing was executed to analyze the microbial community, including bacteria, fungi, and archaea. Additionally, quantitative PCR was utilized to assess the abundance of the bacterial 16S rRNA, fungal ITS, archaeal 16S rRNA, and cyanobacterial 16S rRNA genes within these samples. Physicochemical measurements and assessments of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) were conducted to characterize the soil properties. The study reported a significantly decreased soil erodibility factor after biocrust formation. Compared to bare soil, soil erodibility factor decreased from 0.280 to 0.190 t h MJ−1 mm−1 in the biocrusts. Mechanistically, we measured the microbial EPS contents and revealed a negative correlation between EPS and soil erodibility factor. Consistent with increased EPS, the abundance of bacteria, fungi, archaea, and cyanobacteria were also detected significantly increased with biocrust formation. Correlation analysis detected Cyanobacteria, Chloroflexi, Deinococcota, and Crenarchaeota as potential microbials promoting EPSs and reducing soil erosion. Together, our study presents the evidence that biocrust from tropical coral island in the South China Sea promotes resistance to soil erosion, pinpointing key EPSs-producing microbials against soil erosion. The findings would provide insights for island soil restoration.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocrust reduces the soil erodibility of coral calcareous sand by regulating microbial community and extracellular polymeric substances on tropical coral island, South China Sea

Wang,

Huang,

Yang

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Kim et al [4] studied the sound speed distribution of surficial sediments in the Ulleung Basin, east of the Korean Peninsula, and identified geoacoustic provinces reflecting sediment textures and properties consistent with marine geological features in shelf and slope environments. Tian et al [14] analyzed sound speed data from sediment samples at 270 stations in the northern South China Sea, identifying two geoacoustic provinces consistent with water depth, and they found that sound speed ratios were less than 1 in the relatively deeper slope region and more than 1 in shallower shelf region, and the latter was further divided into two sub-provinces based on sediment type. Studies mentioned above are all based on sediment acoustic data obtained by sampling and laboratory measurement methods, although some have attempted to make in situ corrections using seafloor temperatures and water pressures [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seafloor Sediment Acoustic Properties on the Continental Slope in the Northwestern South China Sea

Li,

Wang,

Meng

et al. 2024

JMSE

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The acoustic properties of seafloor sediments on continental slopes play a crucial role in underwater acoustic propagation, communication, and detection. To investigate the acoustic characteristics and spatial distribution patterns of sediments on the continental slope, a geoacoustic experiment was conducted in the northwestern South China Sea. The experiment covered two sections: one crossing the shelf and slope in the downslope direction, and the other near the shelf break in the along-slope direction. In situ techniques, sediment sampling, and laboratory measurements were used to acquire data on sediment acoustic properties (such as sound speed and attenuation) and physical properties (including particle composition, density, porosity, and mean grain size). The experimental findings revealed several key points: (1) Acoustic properties of shallow water coarse-grained sediments and deep-sea sediments were higher when measured in the laboratory compared to in situ measurements. (2) Relationships between measured attenuation and physical properties, as well as between sound speed and mean grain size, showed deviations from previous empirical equations. (3) Sediment acoustic and physical properties exhibited significant variations in the downslope direction, while showing gradual variations in the along-slope direction. These variations can be attributed to sedimentary environmental factors such as material sources, hydrodynamic conditions, and water depth.

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Estimation of seafloor reflectivity in shallow water based on seismic data of sparker sources

Zheng

Tong

et al. 2021

Mar Geophys Res

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Geoacoustic provinces of the northern South China Sea based on sound speed as predicted from sediment grain sizes

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

Biocrust reduces the soil erodibility of coral calcareous sand by regulating microbial community and extracellular polymeric substances on tropical coral island, South China Sea

Biocrust reduces the soil erodibility of coral calcareous sand by regulating microbial community and extracellular polymeric substances on tropical coral island, South China Sea

Seafloor Sediment Acoustic Properties on the Continental Slope in the Northwestern South China Sea

Estimation of seafloor reflectivity in shallow water based on seismic data of sparker sources

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