Geo-statistical assessment of soil quality and identification of Heavy metal contamination using Integrated GIS and Multivariate statistical analysis in Industrial region of Western India

A case study of 60 samples of sediment in the Sea Najaf. With the analysis of three different types of pollution indices (pollution factor, geographic accumulation index, and enrichment factor), The results of the analysis showed a significant difference in the presence of zinc in the different study areas. The high level of zinc was (270) μg/g, and the low was (99) μg/g. This indicates that the soil was contaminated, Analysis of contamination indicators in different areas to find out what zinc could be in the sediment and where it came from, The study revealed that metal concentrations were frequently greater along the lake’s edge. The sediments are the source of the zinc pollution; several contamination indicators were over the limit on the beaches but slightly below the maximum in the lake. The hot spot of ArcGIS Pro This application performs data queries to determine which parameters for hot spot analysis provide the greatest performance statistics and then generates a map with event points or weighted features indicating statistically significant hot and cold places. The results show the distribution of zinc on a map. It can be found in high concentrations in nearby farms.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bivariate Map of Zinc Pollutant (Zn) in Sea Al-Najaf, via Geographic Information System

Jasim,

Walli

2023

“…Heavy metals in soil sediments come from both human activities and natural sources [25]. When the concentration of certain metals goes up, it's important to look closely at what might have caused it [10]. Mn , Cr , Cd and Co were the metals that were studied in the sediments of the Al-Najaf Sea, The lowest amount of chromium found in the lake's water was )50.9( µg/g, while the greatest value that was observed was )101( µg/g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When possible, please provide evidence of contamination from unknown sources. Creating a map to illustrate how many environmental aspects in space are interconnected Using mapping technology that is based on GIS, you can show how people's actions affect the land [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Hotspots and Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) of Polluted Habitats using ArcGIS Pro.: A Case Study in the Sea of Najaf and Surrounding Terrestrial Area

Jasim,

Walli

2023

The Sea of Najaf, which is a natural groundwater. 60 samples were studied to locate the amount of 4 heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Co, and Cd) in each sample. With the analysis of three different types of pollution indicators (pollution factor, geographic accumulation index, and enrichment factor), the first heavy metal for which a significant difference can be seen is chromium. The high level of chromium was (101) μg/g, and the low was (50. 9) μg/g. This indicates that the soil was contaminated. Manganese is the second heavy metal with low to moderate contamination. It can be found in soil samples with a maximum concentration of (1022) μg/g and a minimum concentration of (254) μg/g. For cobalt and cadmium levels, the measured amounts do not differ much from the normal limit. This means that the water is not contaminated with them. Contamination indicators are placed in different areas to see what minerals could be in the sediments and where they came from. The results of the study showed that mineral levels were often higher near the edge of the lake than they were further afield. You can find the source of the mineral contamination in the sediments, some of the pollution markers were above the maximum on the beaches but were just below the maximum on the lake. The inverse distance weighted (IDW) in ArcGIS Pro approach is one of the most frequently employed interpolation techniques. It is used to estimate the value of a site that has not yet been assessed by comparing it to the values of nearby sites, the hot spot in ArcGIS Pro This program uses data queries to figure out which parameters for hot spot analysis give the best performance statistics may generate a map with event points or weighted features that show statistically significant hot and cold areas, the results show the distribution of minerals as a map Chromium and manganese are found in nearby farms in high concentrations, A pH test revealed between (7.9) to (10.5), The EC measurement showed between (2.3-4.3) ds/m for water, while the soil ranged between (6.3 – 10.1) ds/m, This indicates that the water and soil are salty. The turbidity ranged between( 13.1 - 8.5) NTU.

“…Toxic discharge from the industrial (like Batteries, Drugs, Mining, Fossil fuel) and agricultural activities are altering physicochemical properties. The discharge of Industrial effluent contains different HMs such as Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu) which may 1280 (2023) 012041 IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1280/1/012041 2 accumulate into the soil [19]. Plastic additives may increase the solubility or complexation of HM, increasing their propensity to pollute surrounding water bodies or seep into groundwater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Heavy Metals with Plastic Contaminated Soil

Srinidhi,

Sangeetha,

Krishna

2023

Microplastic (MP) contamination is a threat to soil and groundwater system. Disintegration of used plastic products under exposure to solar radiations, application of sewage sludge to the soil, plastic mulching in agricultural activities leads to the formation of microplastics in significant amounts in soil. Hence there is a need from the geo environment engineering perspective on microplastic contamination in soils. Landfills and industrial areas have microplastic pollution in abundance. The presence of microplastic may alter the behaviour of liner material and surface soil in terms of heavy metal retention capacity, shrinkage, permeability and various other properties. In the present study, the soil is artificially polluted with shredded polypropylene (Pp) fragments from single use facial mask which is extensively being used in post COVID-19 situation. Heavy metals such as Lead, Nickel, Copper and Zinc at different concentrations similar to an industrially polluted soil is applied to the plastic contaminated (Pc) and normal soil. The filtrates from the test batches are studied for Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) and concentration of heavy metals using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). The obtained results concluded that plastic pollution significantly varied leached out heavy metals concentration to a maximum of 4.9 times that of normal soil. The TDS of the filtrate collected from plastic polluted soil varied by 31.29%.