Geo-environmental Quality Evaluation Based on GIS in Shiyan-Wudang Mountain Area

Abstract

The Shiyan-Wudang Mountain area is located in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Area, the upper reaches of the Han River, the hinterland of the Qinba Mountain Range. The main geological environmental problems in the region include collapse, landslides, debris flow, ground collapses, and ground fissures, which seriously restrict local economic development. Based on the analysis and summary of the distribution, development characteristics, formation conditions and influencing factors of geological disasters in this area, the multiple comparisons is used to select the formation complex, slope, distance from the fault zone, water yield property, distance from surface water system, average annual rainfall, mountain disaster point density, soil erosion, and human engineering activity intensity as the evaluation indicators, the geological environment quality evaluation index system of Shiyan-Wudang Mountain area was established; Geographic information system (GIS) technology is used to carry out hierarchical management of basic maps, and establish a spatial database of geological environment conditions. The analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the weight of the index system. The evaluation module developed by MapGIS platform is used to evaluate the geological environment quality of the study area. Respectively, the area of geological environment with best quality, good, poor and worst areas accounted for 56.805%, 22.800%, 16.474%, and 3.921%. The results show that the geological environment quality of the study area is generally good, and some areas are poor, and very few are bad. The calculated evaluation map is compared with the current geological disaster points, and the results verify the accuracy and scientificity of the evaluation process and results. The research results of this paper can provide a basis for regional geological environment management, planning, disaster prevention and mitigation.