Genus Thymus in Iran—Ethnobotany, Phytochemical, Molecular, and Pharmacological Features

Bistgani, Zohreh Emami; Mamedov, Nazim; Ashour, Mohamed L.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-73943-0_45

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…It is well documented that plant species belonging to Thymus genus are a rich source of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, sterols, alkaloids, saponins, and polysaccharides [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. In fact, Sonmezdag and colleagues [ 48 ] demonstrated that T. serpyllum hydroalcoholic extract studied by the high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) technique contains ten flavan-3-ols and eight phenolic acids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymus musilii Velen. Methanolic Extract: In Vitro and In Silico Screening of Its Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Quorum Sensing, Antibiofilm, and Anticancer Activities

Noumi

Ahmad²,

Bouali

et al. 2022

Life

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Thymus musilii Velen. is a rare plant species cultivated in the Ha’il region (Saudi Arabia) under greenhouse conditions. In this work, we described, for the first time, the phytochemical composition, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-quorum sensing, and anticancer activities of T. musilii methanolic extract using both experimental and computational approaches. The obtained results showed the identification of eight small-like peptides and eighteen phyto-compounds by using high-resolution liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HR-LCMS) dominated mainly by compounds belonging to isoprenoid, fatty acyl, flavonoid, and alkaloid classes. The tested extracts exhibited high antifungal and antibacterial activity with the mean diameter of growth inhibition zones ranging from 12.33 ± 0.57 mm (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853) to 29.33 ± 1.15 mm (Candida albicans ATCC 10231). Low minimal inhibitory concentrations were recorded for the tested micro-organisms ranging from 0.781 mg/mL to 12.5 mg/mL. While higher doses were necessary to completely kill all tested bacterial and fungal strains. Thyme extract was able to scavenge DPPH•, ABTS•+, β-carotene, and FRAP free radicals, and the IC50 values were 0.077 ± 0.0015 mg/mL, 0.040 ± 0.011 mg/mL, 0.287 ± 0.012 mg/mL, and 0.106 ± 0.007 mg/mL, respectively. The highest percentage of swarming and swimming inhibition was recorded at 100 µg/mL with 39.73 ± 1.5% and 25.18 ± 1%, respectively. The highest percentage of biofilm inhibition was recorded at 10 mg/mL for S. typhimurium ATCC 14028 (53.96 ± 4.21%) and L. monocytogenes ATCC 7644 (49.54 ± 4.5 mg/mL). The in silico docking study revealed that the observed antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities of the constituent compounds of T. musilii are thermodynamically feasible, notably, such as those of the tripeptides (Asn-Met-His, His-Cys-Asn, and Phe-His-Gln), isoprenoids (10-Hydroxyloganin), and diterpene glycosides (4-Ketoretinoic acid glucuronide).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymus musilii Velen. Methanolic Extract: In Vitro and In Silico Screening of Its Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Quorum Sensing, Antibiofilm, and Anticancer Activities

Noumi

Ahmad²,

Bouali

et al. 2022

Life

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“…Fourteen Thymus species grow in many mountainous regions of Iran. 6 The flower and its leaves are the most useful parts of a TV plant. 7 The plant's most important component is its essential oil, which is found in its leaves at a rate of 1-2.5%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thymus vulgaris ameliorates cough in children with asthma exacerbation: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Eskandarpour,

Ahadi,

Moini Jazani

et al. 2024

Allergol Immunopathol

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Background: Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases with inflammatory involvement and has a high burden worldwide. This study aimed to determine the effect of Thymus vulgaris (TV) on cough in children between 5 and 12 years old with mild to moderate asthma exacerbation. Methods: In this randomized, triple-blind clinical trial, 60 children between the ages of 5 and 12 with asthma exacerbations were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group (n = 30) was given TV powder at a dose of 20 mg/kg every 8 hours, prepared as syrup, along with routine medical treatment for a week, and the control group (n = 30) received only routine medical treatment with placebo syrup. At the end of the week, clinical and laboratory symptoms, and spirometry data were re-recorded for both groups. Finally, the recorded factors were compared and statistically analyzed. Results: The results showed that after the intervention, activity-induced cough reduced, and difference was statistically significant between the two groups (p = 0.042), but the reduction in wheezing and breathlessness had no statistically significant difference. Spirometry data showed a significant difference in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) between the two groups after intervention (p = 0.048), but this difference was not significant in FEV1/FVC (forced vital capacity), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of the vital capacity (FEF25–75%). Conclusion: The results show that TV syrup may be useful as an adjuvant treatment in children with asthma exacerbations.

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Genus Thymus in Iran—Ethnobotany, Phytochemical, Molecular, and Pharmacological Features

Cited by 2 publications

References 151 publications

Thymus musilii Velen. Methanolic Extract: In Vitro and In Silico Screening of Its Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Quorum Sensing, Antibiofilm, and Anticancer Activities

Thymus musilii Velen. Methanolic Extract: In Vitro and In Silico Screening of Its Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Quorum Sensing, Antibiofilm, and Anticancer Activities

Thymus vulgaris ameliorates cough in children with asthma exacerbation: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

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