Genus richness of microalgae and Cyanobacteria in biological soil crusts from Svalbard and Livingston Island: morphological versus molecular approaches

Rippin, Martin; Borchhardt, Nadine; Williams, Laura; Colesie, Claudia; Jung, Patrick; Büdel, Burkhard; Karsten, Ulf; Becker, Burkhard

doi:10.1007/s00300-018-2252-2

Cited by 43 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…Previous studies reporting high rates of photosynthetic activity during the snow‐free growing season for BSCs of Hochtor (Büdel et al., ; Raggio et al., ) also support this idea. The results obtained through DGGE regarding a species rich cyanobacterial community in Ny‐Ålesund and species poor communities in Antarctica are confirmed by meta‐transcriptome analysis, which revealed 67 cyanobacterial genera for the Arctic and 16 for Antarctica (Rippin et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…A recent study revealed cyanobacterial diversity patterns (Rippin et al., ) of the Arctic and Antarctic sites included within this study but was unable to discriminate on a species level between cyanobacteria that were present in a living and active state and remnants of dead organisms. Therefore, we applied an intensive combination of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), light microscopy, culturing, and sequencing of cyanobacterial isolates to compare cyanobacteria within the BSC of Arctic, Antarctic, and European Alpine sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Currently, terrestrial aspects of cold ecosystems with high BSC coverage found at Hochtor (European Alps), Geopol, Ny-Ålesund (both Arctic, Svalbard), and Livingston Island (Antarctica) have been addressed (Jung, Briegel-Williams, Simon, Thyssen, & Büdel, 2018;Rippin et al, 2018;Williams, Borchhardt, et al, 2017), but the cyanobacterial community composition received little attention. In Svalbard high bacterial abundance was found in vegetated soils, this was strongly related to the availability of organic matter, inorganic nutrients, and moisture supply (Kaštovská, Elster, Stibal, & Šantrůčková, 2005;Pessi, Pushkareva, et al 2018).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Strong in combination: Polyphasic approach enhances arguments for cold‐assigned cyanobacterial endemism

et al. 2018

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Cyanobacteria of biological soil crusts ( BSC s) represent an important part of circumpolar and Alpine ecosystems, serve as indicators for ecological condition and climate change, and function as ecosystem engineers by soil stabilization or carbon and nitrogen input. The characterization of cyanobacteria from both polar regions remains extremely important to understand geographic distribution patterns and community compositions. This study is the first of its kind revealing the efficiency of combining denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ( DGGE ), light microscopy and culture‐based 16S rRNA gene sequencing, applied to polar and Alpine cyanobacteria dominated BSC s. This study aimed to show the living proportion of cyanobacteria as an extension to previously published meta‐transcriptome data of the same study sites. Molecular fingerprints showed a distinct clustering of cyanobacterial communities with a close relationship between Arctic and Alpine populations, which differed from those found in Antarctica. Species richness and diversity supported these results, which were also confirmed by microscopic investigations of living cyanobacteria from the BSC s. Isolate‐based sequencing corroborated these trends as cold biome clades were assigned, which included a potentially new Arctic clade of Oculatella . Thus, our results contribute to the debate regarding biogeography of cyanobacteria of cold biomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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confidence: 99%

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Strong in combination: Polyphasic approach enhances arguments for cold‐assigned cyanobacterial endemism

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“…Representatives of Pleurocapsa , seldom a reported crust inhabitant (Dojani et al ., ), were also detected. The filamentous nonheterocystous cyanobacterial morphogenus Leptolyngbya showed high relative abundance, in agreement with recent studies of desert (Dojani et al ., ; Hagemann et al ., ; Williams et al ., ) and Arctic biocrusts (Pushkareva et al ., ; Rippin et al ., ). Leptolyngbya is a cyanobacterial genus of polyphyletic nature (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Cyanobacterial biocrust diversity in Mediterranean ecosystems along a latitudinal and climatic gradient

et al. 2018

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Cyanobacteria are a key biotic component as primary producers in biocrusts, topsoil communities that have important roles in the functioning of drylands. Yet, major knowledge gaps exist regarding the composition of biocrust cyanobacterial diversity and distribution in Mediterranean ecosystems. We describe cyanobacterial diversity in Mediterranean semiarid soil crusts along an aridity gradient by using next-generation sequencing and bioinformatics analyses, and detect clear shifts along it in cyanobacterial dominance. Statistical analyses show that temperature and precipitation were major parameters determining cyanobacterial composition, suggesting the presence of differentiated climatic niches for distinct cyanobacteria. The responses to temperature of a set of cultivated, pedigreed strains representative of the field populations lend direct support to that contention, with psychrotolerant vs thermotolerant physiology being strain dependent, and consistent with their dominance along the natural gradient. Our results suggest a possible replacement, as global warming proceeds, of cool-adapted by warm-adapted nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria (such as Scytonema) and a switch in the dominance of Microcoleus vaginatus by thermotolerant, novel phylotypes of bundle-forming cyanobacteria. These differential sensitivities of cyanobacteria to rising temperatures and decreasing precipitation, their ubiquity, and their low generation time point to their potential as bioindicators of global change.

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“…Enrichment cultivation promotes the growth of only culturable algae, which represent only a small part of all phototrophic microorganisms in BSCs (Langhans et al, 2009). A recent paper, comparing metagenomic data of a polar BSC with data based on enrichment cultivation and morphological identification of the algae, showed that only about 10 % of the metagenomic data could be confirmed by morphological identification (Rippin et al, 2018). Furthermore, it is not always possible to distinguish dormant from currently active microalgae.…”

Section: Species Composition and Abundancementioning

confidence: 99%

Algal richness in BSCs in forests under different management intensity with some implications for P cycling

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are highly important communities in drylands and disturbed areas worldwide, where the higher vegetation is sparse, with a diverse microalgal community as the key component. They perform important ecological functions, such as stabilization of soil and nutrient enrichment. In temperate regions BSCs are also common, but generally less studied. Changes in land use and land use intensity strongly influence biodiversity per se and ecosystem processes, as can be seen particularly in densely populated regions like Europe. However, systematic studies on the effect of land use gradients, i.e., forest management intensity, on BSCs have been missing up to now. To close this knowledge gap and enhance the understanding of management effects on BSCs from pine and beech forests under different management regimes, key primary producers of these communities (eukaryotic microalgae and cyanobacteria) were studied. Phototrophic microorganisms were identified morphologically and categorized as either coccal taxa, which typically occur in high diversity, or filamentous taxa, which have the potential to initiate BSC formation. In total, 51 algal species were recorded, most of them from the phylum Chlorophyta, followed by Streptophyta and Stramenopiles, and only 1 cyanobacterial taxon. The most abundant crust-initiating filamentous algae were three species of Klebsormidium (Streptophyta), a ubiquitous genus regularly occurring in BSCs because of its broad ecophysiological tolerance. Increasing management intensity in the forests resulted in a higher number of algal species; especially the number of coccal taxa increased. Furthermore, the proportion of inorganic phosphorus showed tendencies towards a negative correlation with the number of algal species. Thus, management of forests has an impact on the diversity of phototrophic organisms in BSCs, which might in turn affect their biogeochemical P cycling.

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Genus richness of microalgae and Cyanobacteria in biological soil crusts from Svalbard and Livingston Island: morphological versus molecular approaches

Cited by 43 publications

References 109 publications

Strong in combination: Polyphasic approach enhances arguments for cold‐assigned cyanobacterial endemism

Strong in combination: Polyphasic approach enhances arguments for cold‐assigned cyanobacterial endemism

Cyanobacterial biocrust diversity in Mediterranean ecosystems along a latitudinal and climatic gradient

Algal richness in BSCs in forests under different management intensity with some implications for P cycling

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