Genus Glyphonycteris Thomas, 1896 (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in Ecuador: first confirmed record of G. sylvestris Thomas, 1896 and a geographical review to G. daviesi (Hill, 1965) [with erratum]
Abstract:Herein we present a geographical review to the genus Glyphonycteris in Ecuador. We confirm the first record for G. sylvestris for the country, which extends its range about 680 km southwest of the nearest previously known record. This first record belongs to an individual captured inSangay National Park, Morona Santiago province, eastern slopes of the Andes. We also review the records of G. daviesi deposited in scientific collections and mentioned in literature, report a new record from west of the Andes, and … Show more
“…Sangay National Park with its expansive and intact forest habitats has revealed multiple new species of vertebrates in recent years [e.g. [50][51][52][53] and novel natural history observations such as those of [41,[54][55][56]. Future studies in Sangay National Park, a UNESCO designated Natural World Heritage site, will likely continue to reveal new species.…”
We describe a new species of climbing rat of the genus Rhipidomys based on cranial and external morphology, morphometrics, and phylogenetic analyses of cytochrome b gene. This taxon was compared with species of Rhipidomys present in Ecuador, principally R. latimanus, which is a closely related species based on molecular analysis, and with several species from Colombia and Peru. The new species is easily distinguished from congeneric species by the relatively small size of its body (average head-body length 123 mm) and its distinctive cranial morphology including: Interorbital region constricted; postorbital crest almost imperceptible in females and evident only slightly in males; braincase wide and round; nasals narrow in their posterior and gradually expand forward; anteromedian flexus is well defined and deep; m3 with hypoflexid large and deep; mesopterygoid fossa extends beyond the third molar and capsular process on mandible well developed, forming an evident projection. The new species is only known from the southeastern portion of Sangay National Park in Ecuador and is therefore likely endemic to the Cordillera Oriental of Ecuador. We also provide natural history and reproductive observations, vocalization analysis, habitat preference, and phylogenetic placement of this species.
“…Sangay National Park with its expansive and intact forest habitats has revealed multiple new species of vertebrates in recent years [e.g. [50][51][52][53] and novel natural history observations such as those of [41,[54][55][56]. Future studies in Sangay National Park, a UNESCO designated Natural World Heritage site, will likely continue to reveal new species.…”
We describe a new species of climbing rat of the genus Rhipidomys based on cranial and external morphology, morphometrics, and phylogenetic analyses of cytochrome b gene. This taxon was compared with species of Rhipidomys present in Ecuador, principally R. latimanus, which is a closely related species based on molecular analysis, and with several species from Colombia and Peru. The new species is easily distinguished from congeneric species by the relatively small size of its body (average head-body length 123 mm) and its distinctive cranial morphology including: Interorbital region constricted; postorbital crest almost imperceptible in females and evident only slightly in males; braincase wide and round; nasals narrow in their posterior and gradually expand forward; anteromedian flexus is well defined and deep; m3 with hypoflexid large and deep; mesopterygoid fossa extends beyond the third molar and capsular process on mandible well developed, forming an evident projection. The new species is only known from the southeastern portion of Sangay National Park in Ecuador and is therefore likely endemic to the Cordillera Oriental of Ecuador. We also provide natural history and reproductive observations, vocalization analysis, habitat preference, and phylogenetic placement of this species.
The Cerrado, the second largest morphoclimatic area of South America, has many limestone outcrops with caves. However, studies of the bat fauna in karstic environments in the Cerrado are scarce. We present an inventory of bats in a karstic Cerrado area in the Tocantins state. We used mist-nets to sample caves, savannas, deciduous forests, and periurban environments. We captured 516 bats of 30 species, revealing that the study area is one of richest for bat species in the Brazilian Cerrado. Seven new occurrences of bat species were recorded for the Tocantins state, and we report the first record of G. sylvestris from the Cerrado biome. We recorded 21 species simultaneously at one cave, Gruta dos Moura, which is the highest species richness of bats for a single cave in the Neotropics.
El estudio de la diversidad biológica en espacios geográficos definidos es importante para la implementación de planes de manejo y la identificación de vacíos de conocimiento. En el presente estudio reporto la presencia de 99 especies de murciélagos para esta provincia, correspondientes a 50 géneros y 7 familias. Estos resultados provienen del análisis de 4185 registros de 83 localidades, datos que los obtuve de 26 colecciones científicas y museos de historia natural, además de registros de ejemplares no colectados y otros datos disponibles en la literatura. Según los resultados obtenidos, la provincia de Pastaza tendría la segunda mayor riqueza de quirópteros en el Ecuador. La predicción del índice Chao 1 indica un estimado máximo de 115 especies. Este número demostraría que la riqueza de la provincia todavía no ha llegado a su asíntota, valor que es corroborado con la curva de acumulación de especies y la revisión de especies ausentes y vacíos de información. En cuanto a la diversidad ecológica, la provincia registra 10 de los 11 gremios tróficos posibles, entre los cuales destacan los murciélagos frugívoros y los insectívoros, tanto en diversidad como en abundancia. También presentó comentarios taxonómicos, registros notables y material de museo a revisar.
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