Genuine and Sequestered Natural Products from the Genus Orobanche (Orobanchaceae, Lamiales)

Abstract

The present review gives an overview about natural products from the holoparasitic genus Orobanche (Orobanchaceae). We cover both genuine natural products as well as compounds sequestered by Orobanche taxa from their host plants. However, the distinction between these two categories is not always easy. In cases where the respective authors had not indicated the opposite, all compounds detected in Orobanche taxa were regarded as genuine Orobanche natural products. From the about 200 species of Orobanche s.l. (i.e., including Phelipanche) known worldwide, only 26 species have so far been investigated phytochemically (22 Orobanche and four Phelipanche species), from 17 Orobanche and three Phelipanche species defined natural products (and not only natural product classes) have been reported. For two species of Orobanche and one of Phelipanche dedicated studies have been performed to analyze the phenomenon of natural product sequestration by parasitic plants from their host plants. In total, 70 presumably genuine natural products and 19 sequestered natural products have been described from Orobanche s.l.; these form the basis of 140 chemosystematic records (natural product reports per taxon). Bioactivities described for Orobanche s.l. extracts and natural products isolated from Orobanche species include in addition to antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, e.g., analgesic, antifungal and antibacterial activities, inhibition of amyloid β aggregation, memory enhancing effects as well as anti-hypertensive effects, inhibition of blood platelet aggregation, and diuretic effects. Moreover, muscle relaxant and anti-spasmodic effects as well as anti-photoaging effects have been described.

Phytochemical and Bioactive Properties of Phelypaea Tournefortii – Effect of Parasitic Lifestyle and Environmental Factors

“…Only a small part of holoparasitic species from Orobanchaceae in the world have been studied for their phytochemical properties. Despite this, they were found to have many biological and therapeutic effects (Scharenberg and Zidorn, 2018). PhG species have pharmacodynamic properties.…”

“…Presumably, 70 natural products have been described in the Orobanche (among 200 species, ca. 30 species have undergone phytochemical analysis) and Phelipanche genera of the Orobanchaceae family and 19 natural products have been sequestered from the host (Scharenberg and Zidorn, 2018). The Polish team studied six species belonging to the genera Orobanche and Phelipanche and reported that they are rich in PhGs and their number is greater than in Herba Cistanches.…”

Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Pentacyclic Triterpene Derivatives: Optimization of Anti-ABL Kinase Activity

“…In recent years, natural products and their derivatives have attracted great deal of interest as a source for the development of new diverse bioactive compounds due to their high safety profile and cost effectiveness [20,21,22,23,24,25,26]. Among them, pentacyclic triterpenes are the subjects of numerous studies carried out by chemists engaged in organic synthesis and pharmacology.…”

The Inhibitory Ability of Orobanche Extract on Calcium Oxalate Lithiasis in Male Albino Rats

“…Abbes et al, (2014) also investigated the antioxidant activity of methanolic and aqueous extract of Orobanche and revealed that Orobanche might be a potential resource of antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Moreover, Scharenberg et al, (2018) described bioactivities for Orobanche extracts and natural products isolated from Orobanche species and showed it has antioxidative and antiinflammatory effects analgesic, antifungal and antibacterial activities. Therefore, in the present study, an effort has been made to establish the scientific validity for the ameliorating…”