Genotyping Tools for Mycobacterium ulcerans Drawbacks and Future Prospects

Narh, Charles A.; Mosi, Lydia; Quaye, Charles; Tay, Samuel Crowther Kofi; Bonfoh, Bassirou; Souza, Dziedzom K. de

doi:10.4172/2161-1068.1000149

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…It is important to note that mycolactone production is not limited to M. ulcerans . Indeed, there is a whole family of mycolactone-producing mycobacteria (MPM) including certain strains of M. marinum , M. pseudoshottsii , M. liflandii , and M. xenopi [ 64 , 65 ]. Slight differences in the modular arrangement of genes on pMUM001 mean that they each produce different congeners of mycolactone [ 55 ].…”

Section: Pathogenesis—more Discoveries In Mycolactonementioning

confidence: 99%

Buruli Ulcer: a Review of the Current Knowledge

et al. 2018

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Purpose of the ReviewBuruli ulcer (BU) is a necrotizing and disabling cutaneous disease caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, one of the skin-related neglected tropical diseases (skin NTDs). This article aims to review the current knowledge of this disease and challenges ahead.Recent FindingsAround 60,000 cases of BU have been reported from over 33 countries between 2002 and 2017. Encouraging findings for development of point-of-care tests for BU are being made, and its treatment is currently in the transition period from rifampicin plus streptomycin (injection) to all-oral regimen. A major recent advance in our understanding of its pathogenesis has been agreement on the mechanism of action of the major virulence toxin mycolactone in host cells, targeting the Sec61 translocon during a major step in protein biogenesis.SummaryBU is distributed mainly in West Africa, but cases are also found in other parts of the world. We may be underestimating its true disease burden, due to the limited awareness of this disease. More awareness and more understanding of BU will surely contribute in enhancing our fight against this skin NTD.

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Section: Pathogenesis—more Discoveries In Mycolactonementioning

confidence: 99%

Buruli Ulcer: a Review of the Current Knowledge

et al. 2018

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“…During an outbreak in Australia, a PCR study of environmental sources found M. ulcerans in swamp water that was used for irrigation of a golf course (10). In areas of endemicity, reservoirs of the mycobacterium appear to be in biofilms in water sources, aquatic insects, mollusks, and fish (9,11). Mosquito bites have been suggested as a mode of transmission based on epidemiologic research on Australian outbreaks as well as animal studies (12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Buruli Ulcer: Review of a Neglected Skin Mycobacterial Disease

Guarner

2018

J Clin Microbiol

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Buruli ulcer is caused by This neglected disease occurs in scattered foci around the world, with a higher concentration of cases in West Africa. The mycobacteria produce mycolactones that cause tissue necrosis. The disease presents as a painless skin nodule that ulcerates as necrosis expands. Finding acid-fast bacilli in smears or histopathology, culturing the mycobacteria, and performing PCR in presumptive cases confirm the diagnosis. Medical treatment with oral rifampin and intramuscular streptomycin or oral treatment with rifampin plus clarithromycin for 8 weeks is supported by the World Health Organization. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic tests, and advances in treatment.

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“…We were therefore limited to the reliance on PCR and sequencing for our data interpretation. This is not an unusual occurrence in M. ulcerans transmission and epidemiological studies [ 15 , 16 , 34 , 36 ], and newer genotyping methods of sample DNA have positively corroborated this observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Distribution and Risk of Mycolactone-Producing Mycobacteria Transmission within Buruli Ulcer Endemic Communities in Côte d’Ivoire

et al. 2017

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In Buruli ulcer (BU) endemic communities, most mycolactone-producing mycobacteria (MPM), including Mycobacterium ulcerans, the causative agent, are present in water bodies used by inhabitants; yet, their mode of transmission is still unclear. This study aimed to assess the distribution of MPM strains, both from human suspected cases and aquatic environments, for identifying possible transmission modes within two BU endemic districts, Daloa and Tiassalé (Taabo), in Côte d’Ivoire. Collected samples were processed using conventional polymerase chain reaction and screened for the presence of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and MPMs using 16S rRNA, IS2404 and enoyl reductase (ER) primers. MPM-positive samples were further discriminated using variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) typing and sequencing. 16S rRNA and IS2404 sequences confirmed that 94% of the clinical samples contained MPMs. For environmental samples, 53% were contaminated with NTMs, of which 17% contained MPMs particularly M. ulcerans, suggesting that water-related activities could predispose inhabitants to BU transmission. MPM discrimination by VNTR at four M. ulcerans Agy99 loci identified genotype C, previously reported in Côte d’Ivoire as the most dominant profile. Phylogenetic clustering on the basis of genetic diversity in the MIRU 1 locus showed two main M. ulcerans lineages in Côte d’Ivoire.

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Genotyping Tools for Mycobacterium ulcerans Drawbacks and Future Prospects

Cited by 12 publications

References 80 publications

Buruli Ulcer: a Review of the Current Knowledge

Buruli Ulcer: a Review of the Current Knowledge

Buruli Ulcer: Review of a Neglected Skin Mycobacterial Disease

Distribution and Risk of Mycolactone-Producing Mycobacteria Transmission within Buruli Ulcer Endemic Communities in Côte d’Ivoire

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